【摘要】：工業(yè)化和城市化帶來(lái)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的提升,也帶來(lái)了環(huán)境的惡化。公眾健康不斷遭受威脅,民眾苦不堪言。80年代健康城市運(yùn)動(dòng)的興起,改變了人們對(duì)傳統(tǒng)健康觀念的認(rèn)知,人們意識(shí)到健康問(wèn)題不局限于醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域,更多的受到周?chē)镔|(zhì)環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境的影響,而這些環(huán)境影響要素才是威脅公眾健康的根源。城市建成環(huán)境的健康與公眾健康息息相關(guān),只有營(yíng)造健康城市環(huán)境,引導(dǎo)公眾健康行為,才能有效提升公眾健康水平,從根本上解決工業(yè)化和城市化帶來(lái)的社會(huì)陣痛。隨著我國(guó)汽車(chē)保有量的攀升,人車(chē)路權(quán)分配不公問(wèn)題凸顯,然而慢行系統(tǒng)建設(shè)滯后,快速交通與慢行交通發(fā)展的不平衡嚴(yán)重阻礙了健康城市發(fā)展。為了解決城市交通和由此產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題,構(gòu)建高品質(zhì)城市生活,提高公眾健康水平,在健康城市、低碳交通的引導(dǎo)下,慢行系統(tǒng)建設(shè)在我國(guó)各地逐步推廣。目前在我國(guó)慢行系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃建設(shè)和實(shí)施管理方面,針對(duì)慢行系統(tǒng)綜合評(píng)價(jià)的研究較少,尤其是對(duì)慢行系統(tǒng)環(huán)境健康性的評(píng)價(jià),尚缺乏由理論上升至可操作層面的途徑。因此,慢行系統(tǒng)綜合評(píng)價(jià)亟待研究。本文首先介紹了健康、健康城市、慢行系統(tǒng)概念及其特征,闡述了構(gòu)建健康導(dǎo)向下的住區(qū)慢行系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的意義,分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外健康城市、慢行系統(tǒng)理論發(fā)展概況,歸納總結(jié)出相關(guān)規(guī)劃策略、實(shí)踐方法、評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)等內(nèi)容。在此基礎(chǔ)上,著重分析了住區(qū)慢行系統(tǒng)的健康影響要素,并根據(jù)人們對(duì)慢行系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)健康要素和精神健康要素的需求,歸納出健康導(dǎo)向下的住區(qū)慢行系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容,主要由慢行交通環(huán)境、慢行設(shè)施環(huán)境、慢行景觀環(huán)境、慢行安全性環(huán)境、慢行舒適性環(huán)境和慢行交往性環(huán)境等六方面構(gòu)成,為構(gòu)建評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系提供夯實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。其次,本文介紹了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的功能與原則,并通過(guò)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)方法的研究分析,確立了該評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系采用以層次分析法為基礎(chǔ)的評(píng)價(jià)方法,并據(jù)此方法總結(jié)出了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系構(gòu)建的流程;通過(guò)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的選取、篩選與修正,確定最終評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),構(gòu)建了評(píng)價(jià)體系的遞階層次結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則對(duì)各評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行細(xì)化與量化,提出評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);運(yùn)用層次分析法對(duì)各指標(biāo)進(jìn)行科學(xué)的權(quán)重分配,并給出綜合評(píng)分方法與分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),最終完成整個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的構(gòu)建。最后,運(yùn)用健康導(dǎo)向下的住區(qū)慢行系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)武漢萬(wàn)科城市花園的慢行系統(tǒng)健康性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),以此驗(yàn)證該評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的可行性和可操作性,并據(jù)此對(duì)慢行系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)存問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Industrialization and urbanization have brought about the improvement of the economy and the deterioration of the environment. Public health is under constant threat, and the rise of the healthy city movement in the 1980s has changed people's perception of traditional health concepts, and people have realized that health problems are not confined to the field of medical and health care. More affected by the surrounding material environment and social environment, and these environmental factors are the source of threat to public health. The health of the urban built environment is closely related to the public health. Only by creating a healthy urban environment and guiding the public health behavior can the public health level be effectively promoted and the social pain caused by industrialization and urbanization can be fundamentally solved. With the increase of the number of cars in China, the unfair distribution of the rights of people and cars is becoming more and more serious. However, the construction of slow moving system lags behind, and the imbalance between rapid and slow traffic seriously hinders the development of healthy cities. In order to solve the problem of urban traffic and the environmental pollution caused by it, to construct high quality city life and improve public health level, under the guidance of healthy city and low carbon transportation, the construction of slow moving system has been gradually popularized in all parts of our country. At present, in the aspect of planning, construction and implementation management of slow-moving system, there are few researches on comprehensive evaluation of slow-moving system, especially the evaluation of environmental health of slow-moving system, which lacks the way from theory to operational level. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation of slow moving system needs to be studied. This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of health, healthy city and slow moving system, expounds the significance of constructing the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health, and analyzes the general situation of the development of the theory of slow moving system in healthy cities at home and abroad. Summed up the relevant planning strategies, practice methods, evaluation indicators and other content. On the basis of this, the paper emphatically analyzes the health influence factors of slow moving system in residential area, and according to people's demand for material and mental health elements of slow moving system, The evaluation contents of the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health are summarized, which are mainly composed of slow traffic environment, slow facility environment, slow landscape environment, slow safety environment, The six aspects of slow comfortable environment and slow moving communication environment provide a solid theoretical basis for the construction of evaluation index system. Secondly, this paper introduces the function and principle of the evaluation index system, and through the research and analysis of the evaluation method, establishes that the evaluation index system adopts the evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). According to this method, the process of constructing the evaluation index system is summarized, and the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system is constructed by selecting, selecting and revising the evaluation index, determining the final evaluation index and constructing the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system. According to the evaluation criterion, the evaluation index is refined and quantified, the evaluation standard is put forward, the weight distribution of each index is carried out scientifically by using AHP, and the comprehensive scoring method and grading standard are given. Finally, the construction of the whole evaluation index system is completed. Finally, the evaluation index system of slow moving system is used to evaluate the health of the slow moving system in Wuhan Vanke City Garden, so as to verify the feasibility and maneuverability of the evaluation index system. Based on this, the existing problems of slow moving system are analyzed and summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU984.12

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