側柏古樹扦插繁殖技術與生根機理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-10 10:03
【摘要】：古樹是單體景觀中唯一具有生命的造園要素,其歷史感、不可復制性等特點創(chuàng)造了獨特的景觀價值。然而古樹樹勢日益衰弱,對古樹進行保護繁育和復壯具有重要意義。側柏古樹扦插繁殖困難,表現(xiàn)為生根率低,生根時間長等。為提高側柏古樹扦插成活率,促進無性繁殖技術理論和技術的研究,本文于2013年至2014年以不同年齡側柏古樹為研究對象進行扦插試驗,采用不同植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑、不同濃度、不同插穗部位及不同采穗時間對插條進行處理,分析其處理方式對側柏古樹生根的影響,從而選擇最佳的生根組合。在實驗結果中最優(yōu)組合的基礎上,深入研究不定根形成過程中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量、氧化酶活性、內(nèi)源激素含量的動態(tài)變化以及Qg源生根抑制物質(zhì)的變化。本論文具體研究結果如下:(1)扦插試驗表明:使用植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑處理時,外源激素處理中低濃度對于作為對照的約5年生側柏扦插效果最佳,中濃度對于約100年生、300年生、700年生側柏進行扦插效果最好,其中濃度為1000 mg·L-1的NAA:IBA(1:1)處理插穗效果最好。ASL處理時,低濃度利于5年生、700年生側柏插穗生根,中濃度利于100年生側柏和300年生側柏插穗生根�？傮w而言所得的生根率較使用NAA:IBA(1:1)好;就采條部位而言,以采條母樹南面下部枝條的生根效果最佳;針對內(nèi)源生根抑制物的清除方式,以0.1%硝酸銀溶液處理最利于生根,以0.05%高錳酸鉀溶液處理最利于根系生長。(2)通過觀察側柏插穗不定根發(fā)生的變化,初步判斷側柏插穗以愈傷組織生根為主,同時兼具皮部生根。側柏插穗不定根的發(fā)生大致分為三個階段:0-35 d為愈傷組織誘導期和形成期;35-65 d為不定根形成期;65-95 d為不定根伸長期。(3)不同年齡側柏扦插生根過程中,可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白這三種營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在插穗在生根階段所呈現(xiàn)的變化趨勢不同,但并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)與年齡存在特定相關關系。整體而言,其變化與插穗生根所需要的能量呈消長關系。(4)不同年齡側柏插穗扦插前,除作為對照的5年生側柏插穗外,其余插穗PPO、POD活性隨年齡增大而降低,高活性的PPO、POD利于插穗生根,而插穗的SOD活性隨年齡增大而增強。逆境生理指標MDA扦插前表現(xiàn)為年齡增大,含量增加。(5)對不同年齡插穗內(nèi)源激素含量測定發(fā)現(xiàn),其與不同年齡側柏插穗生根關系密切。在不同生根階段,各年齡插穗中激素的作用不同。GA含量的上升利于不定根的形成,在愈傷組織誘導期,IAA和ABA的含量與插穗生根能力均呈現(xiàn)負相關,而ZR含量與插穗生根能力呈現(xiàn)正相關。IAA/ABA比值越大,越利于插穗生根。IAA/ZR比值越小,則越利于不定根的形成。(6)采用高效液相色譜法測得扦插前不同年齡插穗中,5年生側柏插穗酚類、黃酮內(nèi)物質(zhì)含量均為6月份含量較多;100年生、700年生側柏插穗黃酮類物質(zhì)8月含量多,而酚類物質(zhì)6月含量多;300年生側柏插穗黃酮類物質(zhì)6月份含量多,酚類物質(zhì)在8月較多;生物測定顯示:隨著浸提液濃度的增加,對于白菜籽發(fā)芽的抑制作用增大。6月插穗所含內(nèi)源生根抑制物對白菜籽發(fā)芽抑制作用較大;陽面插穗浸提液對白菜發(fā)芽的抑制作用主要表現(xiàn)為中部上部下部,而陰面插穗浸提液對白菜發(fā)芽的抑制作用均表現(xiàn)為上部中部下部。
[Abstract]:Old trees are the only living gardening elements in a single landscape. Their historical and non-reproducible characteristics create unique landscape value. However, the declining trend of ancient trees is of great significance to the protection, breeding and rejuvenation of ancient trees. Cutting survival rate of ancient trees to promote the theory and technology of asexual reproduction were studied in this paper from 2013 to 2014. Cutting experiments were carried out on ancient Platycladus orientalis trees of different ages. Cutting cuttings were treated with different plant growth regulators, different concentrations, different cutting positions and different cutting time, and their treatment methods were analyzed on Platycladus orientalis. On the basis of the best combination, the dynamic changes of nutrient content, oxidase activity, endogenous hormone content and the changes of Qg-inhibiting substances during adventitious root formation were studied in depth. When the plant growth regulator was used, the low concentration of exogenous hormone was the best for the control of about five-year-old Platycladus orientalis. The medium concentration was the best for about 100-year-old, 300-year-old and 700-year-old Platycladus orientalis, and the NAA:IBA(1:1) with the concentration of 1000mg.L-1 was the best. Annual, 700-year-old cuttings of Platycladus orientalis rooting, medium concentration is conducive to the rooting of 100-year-old and 300-year-old cuttings of Platycladus orientalis. Overall, the rooting rate is better than that of NAA: IBA (1:1); as far as the cutting position is concerned, the rooting effect of the lower branch south of the mother tree is the best; the removal of endogenous rooting inhibitors is treated with 0.1% silver nitrate solution. The adventitious roots of Platycladus orientalis cuttings were mainly rooted by callus and also rooted by skin. The adventitious roots of Platycladus orientalis cuttings could be divided into three stages: callus induction stage and callus formation stage at 0-35 D. (3) During the rooting process of Platycladus orientalis cuttings of different ages, soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein showed different trends in the rooting stage, but no specific correlation with age was found. (4) Before cutting, the PPO and POD activities of the other cuttings decreased with the increase of age except the 5-year-old cuttings as the control. The high-activity PPO and POD were beneficial to the rooting of the cuttings, while the SOD activities of the cuttings increased with the increase of age. (5) The content of endogenous hormones in different age cuttings was closely related to the rooting of different age cuttings of Platycladus orientalis. The effect of hormones in different age cuttings was different at Different Rooting stages. The increase of GA content was beneficial to adventitious root formation. At callus induction stage, the contents of IAA and ABA and rooting ability of cuttings were both negative. The higher the IAA / ABA ratio, the more favorable the rooting. The smaller the IAA / ZR ratio, the more favorable the adventitious root formation. (6) The phenolic content of 5-year-old P. orientalis cuttings at different ages before cutting was measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and the content of flavonoids was higher in June than in 100-year-old P. orientalis, 70. The content of flavonoids in the cuttings of 0-year-old Platycladus orientalis in August was more than that of phenolics in June; the content of flavonoids in the cuttings of 300-year-old Platycladus orientalis in June was more than that of phenolics in August; the bioassay showed that the inhibiting effect on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds increased with the increase of the concentration of extract. The inhibiting effect of sunny cuttings extract on Chinese cabbage germination was mainly in the upper and lower parts of the middle, while the inhibiting effect of shady cuttings extract on Chinese cabbage germination was mainly in the middle and lower parts.
【學位授予單位】：中國林業(yè)科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S791.38
本文編號：2234133
[Abstract]:Old trees are the only living gardening elements in a single landscape. Their historical and non-reproducible characteristics create unique landscape value. However, the declining trend of ancient trees is of great significance to the protection, breeding and rejuvenation of ancient trees. Cutting survival rate of ancient trees to promote the theory and technology of asexual reproduction were studied in this paper from 2013 to 2014. Cutting experiments were carried out on ancient Platycladus orientalis trees of different ages. Cutting cuttings were treated with different plant growth regulators, different concentrations, different cutting positions and different cutting time, and their treatment methods were analyzed on Platycladus orientalis. On the basis of the best combination, the dynamic changes of nutrient content, oxidase activity, endogenous hormone content and the changes of Qg-inhibiting substances during adventitious root formation were studied in depth. When the plant growth regulator was used, the low concentration of exogenous hormone was the best for the control of about five-year-old Platycladus orientalis. The medium concentration was the best for about 100-year-old, 300-year-old and 700-year-old Platycladus orientalis, and the NAA:IBA(1:1) with the concentration of 1000mg.L-1 was the best. Annual, 700-year-old cuttings of Platycladus orientalis rooting, medium concentration is conducive to the rooting of 100-year-old and 300-year-old cuttings of Platycladus orientalis. Overall, the rooting rate is better than that of NAA: IBA (1:1); as far as the cutting position is concerned, the rooting effect of the lower branch south of the mother tree is the best; the removal of endogenous rooting inhibitors is treated with 0.1% silver nitrate solution. The adventitious roots of Platycladus orientalis cuttings were mainly rooted by callus and also rooted by skin. The adventitious roots of Platycladus orientalis cuttings could be divided into three stages: callus induction stage and callus formation stage at 0-35 D. (3) During the rooting process of Platycladus orientalis cuttings of different ages, soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein showed different trends in the rooting stage, but no specific correlation with age was found. (4) Before cutting, the PPO and POD activities of the other cuttings decreased with the increase of age except the 5-year-old cuttings as the control. The high-activity PPO and POD were beneficial to the rooting of the cuttings, while the SOD activities of the cuttings increased with the increase of age. (5) The content of endogenous hormones in different age cuttings was closely related to the rooting of different age cuttings of Platycladus orientalis. The effect of hormones in different age cuttings was different at Different Rooting stages. The increase of GA content was beneficial to adventitious root formation. At callus induction stage, the contents of IAA and ABA and rooting ability of cuttings were both negative. The higher the IAA / ABA ratio, the more favorable the rooting. The smaller the IAA / ZR ratio, the more favorable the adventitious root formation. (6) The phenolic content of 5-year-old P. orientalis cuttings at different ages before cutting was measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and the content of flavonoids was higher in June than in 100-year-old P. orientalis, 70. The content of flavonoids in the cuttings of 0-year-old Platycladus orientalis in August was more than that of phenolics in June; the content of flavonoids in the cuttings of 300-year-old Platycladus orientalis in June was more than that of phenolics in August; the bioassay showed that the inhibiting effect on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds increased with the increase of the concentration of extract. The inhibiting effect of sunny cuttings extract on Chinese cabbage germination was mainly in the upper and lower parts of the middle, while the inhibiting effect of shady cuttings extract on Chinese cabbage germination was mainly in the middle and lower parts.
【學位授予單位】：中國林業(yè)科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S791.38
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