太子河流域土地利用對(duì)地表地下水水質(zhì)的影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 21:31
【摘要】：本文以太子河流域作為研究區(qū),利用GIS空間分析與統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,從地表水、地下水兩個(gè)層面來(lái)研究土地利用類型與景觀格局變化對(duì)水質(zhì)的影響。土地利用變化包括類型結(jié)構(gòu)變化與景觀格局變化兩個(gè)方面。利用Spearman相關(guān)分析與冗余分析(RDA)定性判別土地利用類型和景觀格局變化對(duì)地表水與地下水的影響效應(yīng),利用偏最小二乘法模型定量判斷土地利用類型變化對(duì)水質(zhì)參數(shù)的影響程度。研究結(jié)論可以為改善區(qū)域水質(zhì),合理規(guī)劃土地結(jié)構(gòu),調(diào)整景觀格局,提供有效的依據(jù)。通過(guò)研究分析,得到以下幾個(gè)結(jié)果：(1)整體看來(lái),上游和中游水質(zhì)較好,上游受土地利用類型影響不明顯,中游主要以林地為主,水體中TOC較高；下游是水田、居民用地、工礦建設(shè)用地的主要集中地,受人類活動(dòng)影響較大,水質(zhì)相對(duì)較差,化參數(shù)NO2-、NO3-、SO42和TDS等均偏高。(2)從Spearman相關(guān)分析和冗余分析(RDA)結(jié)果看,NO2-、K+、HCO3-、T、 ORP、DO、Cl-、EC、NO3-、Br-、Ca2+以及Mg2+-是受土地利用類型變化影響較大的幾個(gè)水化學(xué)指標(biāo)。居民用地、河渠、旱地、建設(shè)用地和草地是10種土地利用類型中對(duì)流域水質(zhì)影響較為明顯的幾類。其中,NO2-是受土地利用變化影響最為顯著的指標(biāo),與居民用地、河渠、旱地之間表現(xiàn)為明顯正相關(guān)(R20.6,P0.5),其中,居民用地影響最為明顯(R20.8,P0.05)。K+、Cl的濃度變化則主要反映居民用地和建設(shè)用地的規(guī)模,當(dāng)居民用地和建設(shè)用地面積比越大時(shí),流域中K+和Cl-的濃度就越高。草地面積比與絕大多數(shù)水質(zhì)參數(shù)呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān),尤其是HC03-,其濃度大小與草地面積表現(xiàn)為負(fù)相關(guān)顯著(R2-0.5)。EC、NO3-、Br-、Ca2+和Mg2+均受灘地影響,且表現(xiàn)為正相關(guān)。(3)對(duì)水質(zhì)影響最明顯的景觀格局指數(shù)為聚集度(AI)、邊緣密度(ED)、斑塊密度(PD)以及形狀指數(shù)(SHAPE_MNDE)、香濃多樣性指數(shù)(SHDI)、最大斑塊面積比(LPI)和蔓延度指數(shù)(CONTAG)。其中,聚集度(AI)與ORP表現(xiàn)為正相關(guān),與TOC顯著負(fù)相關(guān),邊界密度ED與兩個(gè)參數(shù)的相關(guān)性剛好相反；香濃多樣性指數(shù)SHDI和蔓延度指數(shù)CONTAG主要影響水質(zhì)參數(shù)NO2-、K+-和DO,香濃多樣性指數(shù)SHDI與NO2-、K+-呈顯著正相關(guān)與DO呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),蔓延度指數(shù)CONTAG則恰好相反；斑塊密度PD和形狀指數(shù)SHAPE_MN主要影響C1-和ORP,斑塊密度PD與C1-顯著正相關(guān)與ORP表現(xiàn)為負(fù)相關(guān),形狀指數(shù)SHAPE_MN則剛好相反。(3)使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)構(gòu)建了土地利用和地表水質(zhì)的多元一次線性模型結(jié)果表明,使用PLS模型能夠有效的預(yù)測(cè)地表水中水質(zhì)參數(shù)。水質(zhì)參數(shù)受土地利用影響較顯著的為DO、K+、NO2-、NO3-、ORP和TDS。其中,工礦建設(shè)用地和水田對(duì)太子河流域地表水中的N03-濃度影響顯著,草地和水體N03-含量呈明顯負(fù)相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of land use types and landscape pattern changes on water quality were studied from surface water and groundwater by GIS spatial analysis and statistical method. Land use change includes two aspects: type structure change and landscape pattern change. Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to determine qualitatively the effect of land use type and landscape pattern change on surface water and groundwater, and partial least square model was used to quantitatively judge the influence degree of land use type change on water quality parameters. The conclusions can provide an effective basis for improving regional water quality, rationally planning land structure and adjusting landscape pattern. The results are as follows: (1) as a whole, the upstream and middle reaches have better water quality, the upper reaches are not affected by the land use type obviously, the middle reaches are mainly forestland, the TOC in the water body is higher, the downstream is paddy field, the inhabitant land, The main concentration areas of industrial and mining construction land are greatly affected by human activities, and the water quality is relatively poor. The chemical parameters NO2-,NO3-,SO42 and TDS were higher. (2) based on the (RDA) results of Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, it was found that no _ 2-K _ (HCO _ 3-T), ORP,DO,Cl-,EC,NO3-,Br-,Ca2 and Mg2 _ (-) were several hydrochemical indexes which were greatly affected by the change of land use types. Residential land, river canal, dry land, construction land and grassland are some of the 10 types of land use which have obvious influence on water quality of river basin. Among them, no _ 2- is the most significant index affected by land use change, and it is positively correlated with residential land, river canal and dry land (R20.6p _ (0.5). The concentration change of K + Cl mainly reflects the scale of residential land and construction land. The higher the area ratio of residential land to construction land, the higher the concentration of K and Cl- in the watershed. The grassland area ratio was negatively correlated with most of the water quality parameters, especially the concentration of HC03-, was negatively correlated with the grassland area (R2-0.5). The Ca ~ (2 +) and Mg2 of the grassland area were affected by the beach land. And (3) the landscape pattern index which has the most obvious influence on water quality is aggregation degree (AI), edge density (ED), patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MNDE). The maximum patch area of (SHDI), is bigger than (LPI) and the spread index (CONTAG). Among them, the aggregation degree (AI) was positively correlated with ORP and negatively correlated with TOC, and the correlation between boundary density (ED) and two parameters was just opposite. SHDI and CONTAG mainly affect water quality parameters NO2-,K-and DO, flavor diversity index SHDI and NO2-,K-have a significant negative correlation with DO, and the spread index CONTAG is just the opposite. Patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MN) mainly affected C1- and ORP, plaque density PD and C1- significantly correlated negatively with ORP. The shape index SHAPE_MN is just the opposite. (3) the linear multivariate model of land use and surface water quality is constructed by using partial least square method (PLS). The results show that the PLS model can effectively predict the water quality parameters in surface water. The water quality parameters affected by land use were DO,K no _ 2-no _ 3-O _ 3-orp and TDS.. The effects of industrial and mining construction land and paddy field on N03- concentration in surface water of Taizi River Basin were significant, while the N03- content in grassland and water was negatively correlated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X52;P901
本文編號(hào)：2231758
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of land use types and landscape pattern changes on water quality were studied from surface water and groundwater by GIS spatial analysis and statistical method. Land use change includes two aspects: type structure change and landscape pattern change. Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to determine qualitatively the effect of land use type and landscape pattern change on surface water and groundwater, and partial least square model was used to quantitatively judge the influence degree of land use type change on water quality parameters. The conclusions can provide an effective basis for improving regional water quality, rationally planning land structure and adjusting landscape pattern. The results are as follows: (1) as a whole, the upstream and middle reaches have better water quality, the upper reaches are not affected by the land use type obviously, the middle reaches are mainly forestland, the TOC in the water body is higher, the downstream is paddy field, the inhabitant land, The main concentration areas of industrial and mining construction land are greatly affected by human activities, and the water quality is relatively poor. The chemical parameters NO2-,NO3-,SO42 and TDS were higher. (2) based on the (RDA) results of Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, it was found that no _ 2-K _ (HCO _ 3-T), ORP,DO,Cl-,EC,NO3-,Br-,Ca2 and Mg2 _ (-) were several hydrochemical indexes which were greatly affected by the change of land use types. Residential land, river canal, dry land, construction land and grassland are some of the 10 types of land use which have obvious influence on water quality of river basin. Among them, no _ 2- is the most significant index affected by land use change, and it is positively correlated with residential land, river canal and dry land (R20.6p _ (0.5). The concentration change of K + Cl mainly reflects the scale of residential land and construction land. The higher the area ratio of residential land to construction land, the higher the concentration of K and Cl- in the watershed. The grassland area ratio was negatively correlated with most of the water quality parameters, especially the concentration of HC03-, was negatively correlated with the grassland area (R2-0.5). The Ca ~ (2 +) and Mg2 of the grassland area were affected by the beach land. And (3) the landscape pattern index which has the most obvious influence on water quality is aggregation degree (AI), edge density (ED), patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MNDE). The maximum patch area of (SHDI), is bigger than (LPI) and the spread index (CONTAG). Among them, the aggregation degree (AI) was positively correlated with ORP and negatively correlated with TOC, and the correlation between boundary density (ED) and two parameters was just opposite. SHDI and CONTAG mainly affect water quality parameters NO2-,K-and DO, flavor diversity index SHDI and NO2-,K-have a significant negative correlation with DO, and the spread index CONTAG is just the opposite. Patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MN) mainly affected C1- and ORP, plaque density PD and C1- significantly correlated negatively with ORP. The shape index SHAPE_MN is just the opposite. (3) the linear multivariate model of land use and surface water quality is constructed by using partial least square method (PLS). The results show that the PLS model can effectively predict the water quality parameters in surface water. The water quality parameters affected by land use were DO,K no _ 2-no _ 3-O _ 3-orp and TDS.. The effects of industrial and mining construction land and paddy field on N03- concentration in surface water of Taizi River Basin were significant, while the N03- content in grassland and water was negatively correlated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X52;P901
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 劉方;羅海波;劉元生;劉鴻雁;何騰兵;龍健;;喀斯特石漠化區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用對(duì)淺層地下水質(zhì)量的影響[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2007年06期
，本文編號(hào)：2231758
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