【摘要】：三維影像投射技術(shù)的英文是3D projection mapping,中文有人翻譯為三維影裝,指運(yùn)用影像邊緣融合算法,開(kāi)發(fā)一種將預(yù)先制作好的或?qū)崟r(shí)生成的靜態(tài)或動(dòng)態(tài)影像,通過(guò)單臺(tái)或多臺(tái)投影儀投射在三維靜態(tài)或動(dòng)態(tài)物體上的技術(shù)。作為結(jié)果,在這些被投射物體上產(chǎn)生了動(dòng)態(tài)的視覺(jué)應(yīng)用和神奇的影像藝術(shù)效果。運(yùn)用這一影像投影技術(shù),可以在科學(xué)普及、科學(xué)與藝術(shù)結(jié)合的展示領(lǐng)域,形成具有強(qiáng)烈藝術(shù)感染力的動(dòng)態(tài)的三維投影效果和作品。目前的三維影像投射方式分為四類(lèi):第一類(lèi)將動(dòng)態(tài)的影像內(nèi)容投射在具有一定進(jìn)深的二維為主的物體上,對(duì)物體的形態(tài)和邊緣進(jìn)行影像創(chuàng)意。這種投射可以使用單臺(tái)投影儀對(duì)物體進(jìn)行投射,也可以是多臺(tái)投影儀運(yùn)用影像邊緣融合技術(shù)對(duì)此類(lèi)物體進(jìn)行影像創(chuàng)意投射。第二類(lèi)則是將動(dòng)態(tài)的視頻內(nèi)容投射在靜態(tài)的、規(guī)范的三維幾何形體上,同樣的,這種投射可以是一臺(tái)投影儀也可以是多臺(tái)投影儀投射,但是所投射的影像多為硬拼接,不需要使用影像邊緣融合技術(shù)進(jìn)行投射。第三類(lèi)是第一類(lèi)和第二類(lèi)的結(jié)合,即將事先制作好的、或?qū)崟r(shí)生成的動(dòng)態(tài)視頻內(nèi)容投射到異形三維立體上,但一定是多臺(tái)投影儀并且是運(yùn)用影像邊緣融合技術(shù)實(shí)施的投射。第四類(lèi)是第三類(lèi)的發(fā)展,使用多臺(tái)投影儀運(yùn)用影像邊緣實(shí)時(shí)融合技術(shù),在繞軸進(jìn)行360度自轉(zhuǎn)的異形三維物體上,進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)、實(shí)時(shí)影像內(nèi)容的投射。本文的研究結(jié)果是第四類(lèi)三維影像投射技術(shù),此類(lèi)技術(shù)目前在國(guó)內(nèi)尚屬空白,本文通過(guò)進(jìn)一步研究虛擬空間和現(xiàn)實(shí)空間的關(guān)系,完成兩者的同步,保證虛擬空間和現(xiàn)實(shí)空間的一致,利用虛擬攝像機(jī)代替投影儀位置,虛擬攝像機(jī)拍攝到的內(nèi)容即是投影儀需要顯示的內(nèi)容。最終達(dá)到虛擬空間物體與現(xiàn)實(shí)空間物體同步轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),同時(shí)實(shí)時(shí)渲染輸出圖像,使得現(xiàn)實(shí)空間中物體不斷轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí),也能保證實(shí)時(shí)覆蓋被投影物體。為了達(dá)成這一目標(biāo),首先需要建立物體的三維模型,保證虛擬空間和現(xiàn)實(shí)空間的一致,其中需要通過(guò)三維掃描技術(shù),將模型的精確點(diǎn)云掃描到計(jì)算機(jī)中,通過(guò)3DMAX或者M(jìn)AYA軟件對(duì)物體進(jìn)行拓?fù)浣?再使用實(shí)時(shí)渲染技術(shù),保證虛擬空間的實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)性。完成基本環(huán)境搭建后,需要使虛擬空間和現(xiàn)實(shí)空間同步,使用一些傳感器等設(shè)備,實(shí)時(shí)獲取現(xiàn)實(shí)空間的數(shù)據(jù),反饋到虛擬空間中,完成同步。最后,物體投影的內(nèi)容需要進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),根據(jù)不同物體做不同的設(shè)計(jì),讓藝術(shù)的影像內(nèi)容真正可以動(dòng)態(tài)的、實(shí)時(shí)的投射到360度繞軸進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)的、異形的物體上。應(yīng)用這一套系統(tǒng),可以對(duì)任何靜態(tài)或動(dòng)態(tài)的、規(guī)則的或者異形的三維物體進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)影像和360度繞軸旋轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)三維物體進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)影像投射,從而在科學(xué)普及、科學(xué)與藝術(shù)結(jié)合的展示領(lǐng)域,形成具有強(qiáng)烈藝術(shù)感染力的三維動(dòng)態(tài)影像投影效果和作品。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional image projection mapping is a three-dimensional projection mapping technology. Some Chinese translators translate it into three-dimensional image costume. It refers to the application of image edge fusion algorithm to develop a technique for projecting pre-made or real-time static or dynamic images onto three-dimensional static or dynamic objects through one or more projectors. Some projected objects produce dynamic visual applications and magical image artistic effects. Using this image projection technology, we can form dynamic three-dimensional projection effects and works with strong artistic appeal in the field of science popularization and the combination of science and art. Class 2 projects dynamic image content onto a two-dimensional object with a certain depth, and creates images of the shape and edge of the object. This kind of projection can use a single projector to project the object, or multiple projectors can use image edge fusion technology to create images of such objects. In the same way, it can be projected by one projector or more than one projector, but the projected images are mostly hard stitching and do not require the use of image edge fusion technology. Prefabricated or real-time generated dynamic video content is projected onto a three-dimensional profile, but it must be multiple projectors and implemented using image edge fusion technology. The fourth category is the development of the third category, using multiple projectors to use real-time image edge fusion technology, rotating 360 degrees around the axis of a three-dimensional profile. The research result of this paper is the fourth kind of three-dimensional image projection technology. This kind of technology is still blank in our country at present. Through further studying the relationship between the virtual space and the real space, this paper completes the synchronization of the two, guarantees the consistency of the virtual space and the real space, and makes use of the virtual camera. Instead of the projector position, the content captured by the virtual camera is what the projector needs to display. Finally, the virtual space object rotates synchronously with the real space object. At the same time, the output image is rendered in real-time, so that the real-time coverage of the projected object can be guaranteed when the object in the real space rotates continuously. Firstly, it is necessary to establish the 3D model of the object to ensure the consistency between the virtual space and the real space, in which the exact point cloud of the model is scanned into the computer by the 3D scanning technology, the object is modeled by the 3D MAX or MAYA software, and then the real-time rendering technology is used to ensure the real-time dynamic of the virtual space. After setting up the environment, it is necessary to synchronize the virtual space with the real space. Some sensors and other devices are used to acquire the real-time data of the real space and feedback them to the virtual space to complete the synchronization. Projected to a 360-degree axis moving, abnormal object. With this system, any static or dynamic, regular or abnormal three-dimensional object can be dynamically imaged and the 360-degree axis rotating dynamic three-dimensional object can be real-time dynamically imaged. Thus, the popularity of science, science and art combined display. Field, forming three-dimensional dynamic image projection effect and works with strong artistic appeal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP391.41
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本文編號(hào)：2178011