本文選題：南昌市 + 象湖��； 參考：《江西農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以象湖濕地公園為研究對象,利用Arc Gis軟件提取9類景觀要素的數據,進行景觀格局分析,并在此基礎上調查了濱水型植物群落、道路型植物群落、建筑四旁型植物群落及陸域型植物群落這四種類型的植物多樣性狀況(物種豐富度指數S、香農-威納Shannon-Wiener、均勻度指數Pielou),并通過構建植物景觀評價體系,綜合評價象湖濕地公園的植物景觀,并對分析了公園植物景觀和4種景觀單元的植物配置。主要研究成果如下:1、不同景觀組分的面積、周長和斑塊數目不均衡,以水體景觀的斑塊數量最少,面積卻最大(占57.47%);有林地斑塊數最多(609個),也是面積最大(占17.75%)的植物景觀類型;功能各異的五個景區(qū)共同構成了公園獨特的空間格局,廊道密度適中(2.54km/hm2),以水體、有林地和疏林景觀為優(yōu)勢斑塊;景觀斑塊的形狀格局較簡單規(guī)整,空間分布格局呈現為8大類型的小景觀斑塊鑲嵌在大景觀斑塊(即水體)之中,形成了較為完善的綠地系統(tǒng)和優(yōu)美的園林景觀;公園景觀多樣性指數為4.5765,均勻度指數為0.6066,破碎度指數值為3.9961;,這表明,在今后的景觀保護和提升性建設中應增強主導景觀的連接性,并注意不同景觀類型的均衡性。2、調查的72個樣地結果顯示,象湖濕地公園共有維管植物94科201屬289種,其中,喬:灌:藤本:竹類:草的比為79:90:8:5:107,接近18:18:2:1:22;鄉(xiāng)土樹種205種,占總物種數70.93%,外來樹種84種,占29.07%;共有觀花植物119種,觀葉植物97種,觀姿植物46種,觀果植物21種,觀干植物7種;象湖濕地公園整體植物的Shannon-Wiener多樣性指數為3.3119,Pielou均勻度指數2.2103,物種數平均值為13.55種;說明該公園的地被花卉類植物更為豐富,凸顯了濕地花卉公園的景觀特色。但其濕生、水生植物的物種多樣性與特色景觀的營建技術有待進一步提高。3、應用AHP法從景觀生態(tài)性、景觀觀賞性和景觀功能性三個方面構建象湖濕地公園的植物景觀評價體系。綜合評價為一級、二級、三級、四級的植物景觀分別為7個(9.72%)、36個(50.00%)、30個(41.67%)、四級3個(4.17%)。四種類型的植物景觀整體評分排序為:濱水植群(9.80)陸域植群(9.09)建筑植群(9.04)道路植群(8.84)。4、通過象湖濕地公園植物景觀的空間異質性分析及各類型植物群落配置情況的分析可知,象湖濕地公園植物景觀仍然存在層次混亂、鄉(xiāng)土樹種運用不足等現象,并提出應提高樹種多樣性、強化湖濱綠化景觀等相應建議。
[Abstract]:Taking Xianghu Wetland Park as the research object, the data of 9 kinds of landscape elements were extracted by Arc Gis software, and the landscape pattern was analyzed. On this basis, the waterfront plant community and the road type plant community were investigated. The four types of plant diversity (species richness index S, Shannon-Wiener, evenness index Pieloun) were constructed, and the plant landscape evaluation system was constructed. The plant landscape of Xianghu Wetland Park was comprehensively evaluated, and the plant configuration of the park plant landscape and four landscape units were analyzed. The main research results are as follows: (1) the area, perimeter and number of patches of different landscape components are not balanced, and the number of patches in water landscape is the least. But the area is the largest (57.47m); the largest number of woodland patches is 609 and the largest area (17.75cm); the five scenic spots with different functions together constitute the unique spatial pattern of the park. The corridor density is moderate to 2.54 km / hm-2, to water, The landscape of woodland and open forest is the dominant patch, the shape pattern of landscape patch is simple and regular, and the spatial distribution pattern is 8 types of small landscape patch embedded in the large landscape patch (water body). The diversity index of the park landscape is 4.5765, the evenness index is 0.6066, and the fragmentation index is 3.9961g, which indicates that the landscape diversity index of the park is 4.5765, the evenness index is 0.6066, and the fragmentation index is 3.9961g. In the future landscape conservation and promotion construction, the connectivity of dominant landscape should be enhanced, and attention should be paid to the balance of different landscape types. The results of 72 sample plots investigated showed that there were 289 species of vascular plants belonging to 94 families and 201 genera in Xianghu Wetland Park. Joe: shrub: lianas: bamboo: grass: the ratio of grass to grass is 79: 90: 8: 5: 107, close to 18: 18: 2: 1: 22; local tree species 205 species, accounting for the total species 70.933; exotic tree species 84 species, accounting for 29.07; there are 119 flowering plants, 97 leaf plants, 46 attitude plants, 21 fruit plants, 7 dry plants; The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the whole plant in Xianghu Wetland Park is 3.3119 Pielou evenness index 2.2103, and the average species number is 13.55, which indicates that the ground cover plants are more abundant in the park, which highlights the landscape characteristics of the Wetland Flower Park. However, the plant landscape evaluation system of Xianghu Wetland Park should be constructed by using AHP method from three aspects of landscape ecology, landscape appreciation and landscape functionality, which need to be further improved in terms of species diversity of aquatic plants and construction technology of characteristic landscape. 3. The method of AHP is applied to construct the plant landscape evaluation system of Xianghu wetland park from three aspects: landscape ecology, landscape appreciation and landscape functionality. The plant landscape of grade one, two, three and four were 7 9. 722, 36 were 50.00000, 30 were 41.67, and 3 were 4. 17. The total score of plant landscape of four types is: waterfront plant group 9.80) land area vegetation group 9.09) building plant group 9.04) road vegetation group 8.840.4.The spatial heterogeneity of plant landscape in Xianghu Wetland Park and the distribution of various types of plant communities can be seen from the analysis of the spatial heterogeneity of plant landscape and the analysis of plant community allocation of different types. The plant landscape of Xianghu Wetland Park still exists some phenomena such as chaos of hierarchy and lack of use of native tree species. Some suggestions are put forward such as improving the diversity of tree species and strengthening the landscape of lakeside greening.
【學位授予單位】：江西農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU986.5

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