本文選題：趙憲 + 《朝天日記》��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《朝天日記》和《東還封事》是16世紀(jì)朝鮮宣祖時(shí)期著名的文臣、義兵將領(lǐng)趙憲所作,創(chuàng)作于趙憲出使明朝前后的1574年�！冻烊沼洝肥勤w憲使行過程中留下的使行日記,與此前大量描寫明朝自然、人文景觀的使行記錄不同,趙憲對明朝的政治、軍事和民生等社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)展現(xiàn)了濃厚的興趣,描寫了皇帝、文官、將領(lǐng)和百姓等多個(gè)階層的明朝人物形象,為比較文學(xué)形象學(xué)下研究異國人物形象提供了豐富的素材�！稏|還封事》是趙憲使行歸國后向朝鮮國王宣祖呈上的上疏文,其中也不乏對明朝人物形象的描寫。值得注意的是,《朝天日記》和《東還封事》均為趙憲所作,創(chuàng)作時(shí)間也在同一年,兩部作品中塑造的明朝人物形象卻有異有同。論文以《朝天日記》和《東還封事》里的明朝人物形象為研究對象,結(jié)合比較文學(xué)形象學(xué)和新歷史主義批評的研究方法,考察并比較兩部作品中的明朝人物形象,闡釋了其產(chǎn)生的原因�！冻烊沼洝泛汀稏|還封事》表現(xiàn)了基本一致的皇帝形象和將領(lǐng)形象,即都展現(xiàn)了勤勉賢明的皇帝形象和正直出色的將領(lǐng)形象。趙憲在使行期間的見聞,使他對萬歷皇帝和戚繼光等將領(lǐng)產(chǎn)生了特殊的個(gè)人體驗(yàn),同時(shí)作為士林派的重要一員,趙憲對君主個(gè)人修養(yǎng)的提高和軍事改革抱有期待,加上朝鮮對明朝的社會(huì)集體想象作用,使他在《朝天日記》和《東還封事》中塑造了完美的皇帝和將領(lǐng)形象。《朝天日記》和《東還封事》中表現(xiàn)了完全不同的文官形象和百姓形象�！冻烊沼洝防锏奈墓儇澙窡o禮、腐敗成風(fēng)、禍害百姓,《東還封事》里的文官則謙和有禮、秉公守法、愛護(hù)百姓;《朝天日記》里的百姓生活困苦、遭受戰(zhàn)亂之災(zāi),《東還封事》里的百姓則完全過著安居樂業(yè)、文明和諧的生活。造成這種形象差異的原因是復(fù)雜的:首先,趙憲的文官和性理學(xué)者身份,使他觀察明朝文官的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)十分嚴(yán)格,習(xí)慣以學(xué)問、禮儀和善政來衡量。使行過程中他目睹了官員的腐敗,尤其是對朝鮮使臣的索取和對明朝百姓的壓榨,受到不小沖擊,他在《朝天日記》里對此進(jìn)行了辛辣的批判;同時(shí),他目睹百姓生活困苦,聽說戰(zhàn)亂之后的慘狀,在《朝天日記》里展現(xiàn)了艱難的民生圖景。而《東還封事》里的明朝并不完全是實(shí)際的明朝,近似于儒學(xué)理念下趙憲等性理學(xué)者向往的"烏托邦",趙憲構(gòu)筑了自己理想中的明朝:官員忠君愛民、秉公守法,百姓安居樂業(yè)、文明守禮,這既符合朝鮮對明朝的社會(huì)集體想象,也有助于趙憲說服宣祖、推行改革�？偟貋碚f,《朝天日記》里包含了作者更多的個(gè)人體驗(yàn),體現(xiàn)了趙憲的批判性現(xiàn)實(shí)認(rèn)識;《東還封事》里包含了更多朝鮮對明朝的社會(huì)集體想象,體現(xiàn)了趙憲的理想主義傾向和強(qiáng)烈的改革意愿。因此,《朝天日記》和《東還封事》里產(chǎn)生了或相同或相異的明朝人物形象。
[Abstract]:The Diaries of Chaotian and Donghe are famous ministers in the 16th century Korean Xuanzu period. Zhao Xian, the general of the army, wrote them in 1574 around the Ming Dynasty. "the Diary of Chaotian" is a diary left by Zhao Xianzheng during the course of his trip. Different from the extensive description of the nature and human landscape of the Ming Dynasty before, Zhao Xian showed great interest in the social realities of the Ming Dynasty, such as politics, military affairs and people's livelihood, describing the emperor and civil servants. The figures of the Ming Dynasty, including generals and the common people, provided rich materials for studying the images of foreign characters in comparative literature. Among them, there is no lack of the portrayal of the characters of the Ming Dynasty. It is worth noting that both Chaotian Diary and Dong Huanbao were written by Zhao Xian and created in the same year, but the figures of the Ming Dynasty created in the two works are different and similar. This paper takes the characters of Ming Dynasty in the Diary of Aotian and Donghuanfeng as the research objects, and combines the research methods of comparative literature imageology and new historicism criticism to investigate and compare the characters of the Ming Dynasty in the two works. This paper explains the reasons for its emergence. The Diaries of Aotian and Dongjian show the same image of emperors and generals, that is to say, they both show the image of diligent and wise emperors and the images of upright and outstanding generals. Zhao Xian's experience during his tour made him have a special personal experience for the generals such as Emperor Wanli and Qi Jiguang. As an important member of the Shi-lin School, Zhao Xian expected the monarch's personal accomplishment and military reform. Plus the role of the DPRK in the social collective imagination of the Ming Dynasty, He created the perfect image of emperors and generals in the Diaries of Aurora and Dongjian. In the Diaries of Asahi and Dongjian, he showed a completely different image of the civil servants and the people. The civil servants in the Diary of Aurora were greedy and rude. Corruption is prevalent and harms the people. The civil servants in the "East return the matter" are courteous, just and law-abiding, and love the people; the people in the "Diary of Aotian" live in distress and suffer the scourge of war, while the people in the "East return" are completely living in peace and contentment. A civilized and harmonious life. The reasons for this image difference are complicated: first, Zhao Xian's civil and sexual identity makes him observe the Ming Dynasty civil servants very strict standards, used to be measured by knowledge, etiquette and good governance. In the course of the trip, he witnessed official corruption, especially the demands on Korean envoys and the oppression of the people of the Ming Dynasty, which he criticized bitterly in the Diary of Aotian; at the same time, he witnessed the people living in distress. Heard of the tragic situation after the war, in the Diary of Aurora showed a difficult picture of people's livelihood. However, the Ming Dynasty in "Donghe Feng Shi" is not entirely the actual Ming Dynasty. It is similar to the "utopia" that the scholars of sexual science such as Zhao Xian yearned for under the Confucian philosophy. Zhao Xian built his ideal Ming Dynasty: officials loyal to the monarch, loving the people, and abiding by the law impartially. The common people lived and worked in peace and contentment, which not only accord with the social collective imagination of the Ming Dynasty, but also help Zhao Xian to persuade Xuanzu to carry out the reform. In general, the Diary of Aotian contains more personal experiences of the author and reflects the critical reality of Cho Hsien's understanding of reality; "Donghe Feng Shi" contains more social collective imagination of the Ming Dynasty from North Korea. Reflected Zhao Xian's idealism tendency and the strong reform will. Therefore, the diaries of Aotian and Donghuanbao produced the same or different characters of Ming Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I312.06

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