本文選題：齒型堰 + Z型堰�。� 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：齒型堰和Z型堰作為新型堰,不僅能夠用來擋水、泄水,而且具有良好的景觀效果,與城市景觀相融合,兼具擋水/泄水與城市景觀的功能。但目前對于齒型堰水流特性的研究較少,對Z型堰未見到研究成果,致使在實際工程設(shè)計中泄流量計算無依據(jù)。因此,本文通過理論分析、物理模型實驗對齒型堰和Z型堰的水流特性進行了初步的研究。在理論分析方面,利用能量方程推導得到齒型堰的流量公式,基于量綱分析法推導了Z型堰的流量公式。在物理模型實驗方面,對不同體型參數(shù)和水力參數(shù)下齒型堰和Z型堰的流態(tài)特征、過流能力等方面進行了實驗研究。首先觀測了齒型堰和Z型堰的水流流態(tài),并繪制了過堰水流水面線和堰后流速分布圖;然后根據(jù)實測資料,比較和分析了不同流量、不同體型參數(shù)的齒型堰和Z型堰的過流能力及其影響過流的主要影響因素,并擬合出齒型堰和Z型堰綜合流量系數(shù)的計算公式。綜合以上研究,主要研究成果包括:(1)在自由出流情況下,齒型堰流與薄壁堰流類似,水流穩(wěn)定,下游河道水流分布均勻;Z型堰流要相對復雜,下游河道水流分布不均。(2)齒型堰的過流能力小于與其低堰高度相同的直線正交堰的過流能力,齒越寬、齒越高過流能力越小;Z型堰的過流能力大于與其相同堰高的直線正交堰的過流能力,展寬比越大,過流能力越大。(3)研究結(jié)果表明,影響齒型堰流量系數(shù)的主要因素是堰頂水頭與堰高之比、堰齒寬度和堰齒高度;影響Z型堰流量系數(shù)的主要因素是堰頂水頭與堰高之比、展寬比和前后堰寬度比。(4)在自由出流情況下,綜合考慮各影響因素對流量系數(shù)的影響,利用統(tǒng)計分析的方法分別得到了齒型堰綜合流量系數(shù)計算公式、Z型堰綜合流量系數(shù)計算公式,可供工程設(shè)計中過堰流量的計算使用。
[Abstract]:As a new type Weir, toothed Weir and Z Weir not only can be used to keep water and drain water, but also have good landscape effect, which are integrated with urban landscape, and also have the functions of retaining / discharging water and urban landscape.However, there are few researches on the flow characteristics of the toothed Weir, and no research results have been found for the Z-type Weir, which leads to no basis for the calculation of discharge discharge in the actual engineering design.Therefore, through theoretical analysis and physical model experiments, the flow characteristics of toothed Weir and Z Weir are preliminarily studied.In terms of theoretical analysis, the formula of flow rate of toothed Weir is derived by energy equation, and the formula of flow rate of Z-type Weir is derived based on dimensional analysis.In the aspect of physical model experiment, the flow characteristics and overcurrent capacity of tooth Weir and Z Weir under different shape parameters and hydraulic parameters are studied experimentally.The flow patterns of tooth Weir and Z Weir are observed at first, and the surface line of income and the distribution of velocity behind Weir are plotted, and then, according to the measured data, the different flow rates are compared and analyzed.The overflow capacity of tooth Weir and Z-type Weir with different shape parameters and the main influencing factors on overflow are obtained, and the formulas for calculating the comprehensive flow coefficient of Tooth Weir and Z Weir are fitted.In the case of free outflow, the toothed Weir flow is similar to the thin-walled Weir flow, and the flow is stable, and the flow distribution of the downstream channel is relatively complex.The overflow capacity of the toothed Weir is smaller than that of the straight orthogonal Weir with the same height as its low Weir, and the tooth width is wider.The overcurrent capacity of Z type Weir is larger than that of straight orthogonal Weir with the same Weir height. The larger the broadening ratio is, the greater the overcurrent capacity is.) the results show that the overcurrent capacity of Z type Weir is larger than that of straight orthogonal Weir with the same Weir height.The main factors affecting the flow coefficient of the toothed Weir are the ratio of the head of the Weir top to the height of the Weir, the width of the Weir teeth and the height of the Weir teeth, and the ratio of the head of the Weir to the height of the Weir is the main factor affecting the discharge coefficient of the Z-type Weir.In the case of free discharge, the influence of various factors on the flow coefficient is considered synthetically.By using the method of statistical analysis, the formula for calculating the comprehensive flow coefficient of the toothed Weir is obtained respectively, which can be used in the calculation of the flow rate of the overflowing Weir in the engineering design.
【學位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV131.6

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