本文選題：高速公路　切入點(diǎn)：水文生態(tài)　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：高速公路作為基礎(chǔ)性和服務(wù)性的產(chǎn)業(yè),它的建設(shè)一方面大大地推動(dòng)了國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速增長(zhǎng),另一方面以不同的形式對(duì)其路域的水文生態(tài)因子產(chǎn)生一定的負(fù)面影響。高速公路建設(shè)影響水文生態(tài),水文生態(tài)變化又影響人類生存環(huán)境,高速公路建設(shè)的問(wèn)題和水文生態(tài)問(wèn)題密不可分。水文生態(tài)作為可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念的一個(gè)重要研究方向,成為環(huán)境領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)課題。因此,開展高速公路對(duì)水文生態(tài)的影響及應(yīng)對(duì)策略研究具有重要的理論價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。研究高速公路路域水文生態(tài)問(wèn)題實(shí)現(xiàn)其以人為本和可持續(xù)發(fā)展是一項(xiàng)新的研究課題。本論文研究的水文生態(tài)因子包括地表水、地下水、土壤、動(dòng)物和植被等,針對(duì)高速公路建設(shè)可能出現(xiàn)的水文生態(tài)問(wèn)題,提出行之有效的應(yīng)對(duì)策略�？傮w來(lái)說(shuō),論文主要取得了以下研究成果:1)系統(tǒng)地闡述了全國(guó)高速公路及其建設(shè)的基本情況,分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外水文生態(tài)的研究進(jìn)展及未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì),并指出存在的問(wèn)題。提出將高速公路水文生態(tài)系統(tǒng)作為一個(gè)研究對(duì)象,分析和探討其水文生態(tài)因子在對(duì)高速公路建設(shè)及運(yùn)營(yíng)時(shí)期可能出現(xiàn)的水文生態(tài)問(wèn)題。2)對(duì)不同水文生態(tài)因子采取定性或定量的方法有針對(duì)性行進(jìn)行分析和研究,其中定量研究主要有:高速公路隧道工程的涌水量及水質(zhì)指標(biāo);茅臺(tái)高速、仁遵高速以及仁赤高速的路面徑流;西漢高速6處服務(wù)區(qū)的污水處理情況;國(guó)內(nèi)14條高速公路沿線土壤中重金屬污染情況以及動(dòng)物致死效應(yīng)等的研究。3)在深入研究隧道工程對(duì)地下水影響的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)分析襯砌厚度及其滲透系數(shù)對(duì)圍巖滲流場(chǎng)的影響,建立了7個(gè)不同隧道滲流分析模型,從而得出襯砌滲透系數(shù)與涌水量的關(guān)系,提出采用襯砌自防水的隧道工程方案。4)通過(guò)比選四種不同水文計(jì)算方法,綜合考慮地方經(jīng)驗(yàn)、資料的可靠性以及調(diào)查洪痕分析等因素,確定采用貴州省交通雨洪法經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式進(jìn)行水文計(jì)算結(jié)果驗(yàn)證,對(duì)方案的可行性和準(zhǔn)確性做進(jìn)一步論證。5)針對(duì)高速公路對(duì)飲用水源保護(hù)區(qū)的影響,提出了采用沿路收集分段排至雨水處理系統(tǒng)的方案。其工藝流程為:進(jìn)水→格柵→配水井→沉淀池(或應(yīng)急池)→人工濕地→蒸發(fā)池。該研究成果已在仁赤高速正式投入使用。6)針對(duì)高毒烴類�；返奶幹脝�(wèn)題,本論文通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,以一種高毒芳烴類有機(jī)污染物為研究對(duì)象,提出混凝螯合共沉淀的降解方法。該方法工藝簡(jiǎn)單、成本低、效果好,在廢水處理中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。7)提出出水用于農(nóng)業(yè)回灌或景觀環(huán)境回用的理念,起到變廢為寶的效果,一方面保證飲用水源保護(hù)區(qū)不受路面徑流污染的威脅,填補(bǔ)了飲用水源保護(hù)區(qū)路面徑流處理技術(shù)的空白,另一方面經(jīng)集中排水處理系統(tǒng)處理后的路面徑流水可用于農(nóng)田回灌,實(shí)現(xiàn)了水資源的循環(huán)利用。8)對(duì)集中排水處理裝置進(jìn)水及出水各指標(biāo)進(jìn)行取樣監(jiān)測(cè),其處理率在83.17%以上,出水可達(dá)到污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB3838-2002)的Ⅰ類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這一結(jié)果說(shuō)明集中排水處理裝置的處理效果是令人滿意的,可為實(shí)現(xiàn)水資源的可持續(xù)利用以及人與自然的和諧相處提供決策支持。
[Abstract]:Highway is the basic and service industries, a construction of it greatly promoted the rapid growth of the national economy, on the other hand have certain negative effects in different forms of the road area hydrological factor. Influence of expressway construction on hydrological and ecological water, the ecological change and influence the human living environment, is inseparable from the highway the problem of the construction of hydrological and ecological problems. Ecological hydrology is an important research direction of the concept of sustainable development, has become a hot topic in the field of the environment. So it has important theoretical value and practical significance to research the influence of freeway on eco hydrological and coping strategies. The research on the ecological highway road area hydrology and realize the people-oriented and sustainable development is a new research topic. This thesis focuses on the research of hydrological and ecological factors including surface water, groundwater, soil, animal According to the hydrological and vegetation, the ecological problems of expressway construction possible, put forward effective coping strategies. Overall, the main results of this paper are as follows: 1) systematically expounds the basic situation of the national highway construction and the analysis of the progress and the future development trend of hydrological and ecological research at home and abroad, and points out the problems.. this paper proposes the hydrology ecosystem system as a research object, the analysis and discussion of the hydrological and ecological factors in the hydrological and ecological problems may arise in expressway construction and operation period.2) method to qualitative or quantitative on different hydrological and ecological factors analysis and research have been made on line, the quantitative study mainly include: water inflow and the water quality index of expressway tunnel engineering; Moutai high-speed, high-speed and high-speed Chi Ren Ren as the road runoff; 6 Xi'an-Hanzhong highway service area The situation of domestic sewage treatment;.3 highway 14 along the pollution of heavy metal in soil and animal lethal effects) in the study of tunnel engineering on the basis of the impact of groundwater, by analyzing the effect of lining thickness and permeability coefficient of rock seepage field, establishes a model for analyzing 7 different tunnel seepage, thus obtains the relationship between lining the permeability coefficient and water inflow, the lining from tunnel waterproof.4) through the comparison of four kinds of different calculation methods of hydrology, considering the local experience, the reliability of data and investigation factors of flood tracking analysis, determined by the Guizhou province traffic rain flood method empiricalformula hydrologic calculation results verify the feasibility and accuracy. For further argumentation.5) for the impact of Expressway on drinking water source protection areas, the row to the rainwater collected along the way section at Physical system. The process is: the inlet grille, and with wells, the sedimentation tank (or emergency pool), artificial wetland, evaporation ponds. The research results have been put into use in the kernel of high-speed red.6) for disposal of high toxic hydrocarbons of hazardous chemicals, the paper takes a highly toxic aromatic hydrocarbons as the research object, the degradation method of coagulation coprecipitation chelate. This method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, good effect, has wide application prospect of.7 in wastewater treatment of effluent for agricultural irrigation) or landscape reuse concept, to treasure the effect, on the one hand to ensure the drinking water source protection areas not affected by road runoff pollution, to fill the gaps in the drinking water source protection area road runoff treatment technology, on the other hand, by the concentration of wastewater treatment system after treatment can be used for farmland road runoff recharge, implementation The recycling of water resources.8) for sampling and monitoring of centralized sewage treatment device inlet and outlet of each index, the processing rate is above 83.17%, the effluent can meet the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB3838-2002) of the class I standard. These results show that the concentration of sewage treatment device where the effect is satisfactory and can provide the decision-making support for the sustainable utilization of water resources as well as the harmony between man and nature.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U412.366

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 王偉;;關(guān)于貴州地下水類型和含水巖組劃分及其與地下水資源量計(jì)算關(guān)系的思考[J];貴州地質(zhì);2012年02期

2 孔艷娜;完顏華;李彥斌;;高速公路對(duì)水環(huán)境影響的綜合評(píng)價(jià)[J];中外公路;2008年06期

3 嚴(yán)霞;李法云;劉桐武;張營(yíng);馬溪平;王效舉;;化學(xué)融雪劑對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2008年12期

4 徐小牛;王勤;平田永二;;亞熱帶常綠闊葉林的水文生態(tài)特征[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2006年09期

5 吳宗之;孫猛;;200起危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品公路運(yùn)輸事故的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析及對(duì)策研究[J];中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù);2006年02期

6 項(xiàng)衛(wèi)東,郭建,魏勇,張金池;高速公路建設(shè)對(duì)區(qū)域生物多樣性影響的評(píng)價(jià)[J];南京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2003年06期

，

本文編號(hào)：1718996