發(fā)布時間：2018-03-22 05:39

  本文選題：計量語言學　切入點：新詩　出處：《浙江大學》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文以散文、近體詩、現(xiàn)當代翻譯詩歌、現(xiàn)當代臺灣詩歌為參照,比較現(xiàn)代漢語新詩與這四類文本之間的異同,以此探索新詩的文體特征,并獲得了一些能夠說明新詩文體特征的試驗數(shù)據(jù)與結(jié)論。具體而言,本文選用"n元"、高頻詞、詞匯豐富度、黃金分割等計量指標,使用多維分析、相關(guān)分析、回歸分析等數(shù)理統(tǒng)計方法,考察了文本音位和詞這兩個語言單位的秩序、頻率以及概率等參數(shù)上的計量特征。本文的音位分析主要考察了除散文以外各種詩歌文本的押韻特征。分析結(jié)果顯示,同近體詩相比,新詩文本對押韻這種傳統(tǒng)詩歌美學手段的重視程度已經(jīng)明顯減弱;不同時期的新詩文本對押韻的重視程度體現(xiàn)出兩個明顯的階段——從初期白話新詩到四十年代新詩,這種重視程度逐漸降低,五十至七十年代的新詩對于押韻的重視程度卻明顯高于四十年代新詩;然而,隨著新詩的發(fā)展,這種重視程度又呈現(xiàn)出遞減的趨勢。在整個新詩的發(fā)展過程當中,臺灣詩與四十年代、八十年代的新詩在使用押韻的特點上較為相似,譯詩與新詩之間則表現(xiàn)出較為復(fù)雜的對應(yīng)情況。但是,無論臺灣詩還是譯詩,這二者與新詩在押韻上所體現(xiàn)出來的對應(yīng)性剛好體現(xiàn)了新詩發(fā)展過程中的歷史特征,同時也說明了他們同為現(xiàn)當代詩歌的文本共性。本文的詞語分析主要考察了所選五類文本中詞語、詞類、名詞修飾語等在各自秩序、頻次、概率等參數(shù)上的計量特征。其中,高頻詞的考察結(jié)果顯示出,近體詩以描述"自然景觀"為主,散文的描述對象呈現(xiàn)出多樣化的特征,新詩的高頻詞則表現(xiàn)得比較復(fù)雜,各時期的高頻詞都有各時期的特點。通過單現(xiàn)詞比例、詞頻TTR以及"a指數(shù)"計算得到詞匯豐富度結(jié)果均顯示出,近體詩文本的詞匯豐富度明顯高于新詩文本,散文文本的詞匯豐富度則明顯低于新詩文本。詞語頻率和詞類頻率的分布特征顯示出,散文文本表現(xiàn)出較強的"自組織性"與異質(zhì)性,近體詩文本則表現(xiàn)出較強的人為控制力。新詩文本介乎二者之間——大部分新詩表現(xiàn)出了一定的"自組織性",但是絕大部分新詩表現(xiàn)出了較強的同質(zhì)性。詞類頻次和名詞修飾語頻次的分析結(jié)果顯示,散文文本安排各種詞類以及名詞修飾語的方式明顯與新詩文本不同,近體詩與新詩文本在這兩方面也表現(xiàn)出較為明顯的差異。在所有關(guān)于文本詞語的計量試驗分析中,臺灣詩、譯詩與新詩之間的相異程度并不明顯,而且它們還分別與某些時期的新詩表現(xiàn)出較強的相似性,充分體現(xiàn)了同為現(xiàn)當代詩歌的個性與共性。本文的分析說明,新詩、近體詩、散文是三種獨立的文體,三者之間有較為明顯的文體差異。新詩、臺灣詩、譯詩不存在明顯的文體差異,但表現(xiàn)出不同時間、不同地域、不同寫作主體的細節(jié)差異�？傊�,本文的研究從一定程度上解決了新詩的文體定位問題,體現(xiàn)出計量語言學方法在新詩研究過程中的適用性和可行性。
[Abstract]:In this paper, prose, poetry, modern poetry translation, contemporary Taiwan poetry, the similarities and differences between modern Chinese poetry and the four kinds of text, in order to explore the stylistic features of modern poetry, and obtained some experimental data to explain the stylistic features of poetry and conclusion. Specifically, this paper selects n, high frequency word, lexical richness, golden section measurement index, using multidimensional analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and other statistical methods, this text examines the phoneme and word two language units in order to measure the characteristic frequency and probability parameters. This paper mainly studies the analysis of phonemes in rhyme prose features all kinds of poems the analysis results show that, compared with poetry, poetry text emphasis on the traditional aesthetics of poetry rhyme means degree have been significantly reduced; new poetry in different periods of rhyming text The degree of attention reflects two distinct stages: from 40s to early vernacular poetry poetry, this degree of attention gradually decreased to fifty in 70s, the new emphasis on rhyme was significantly higher than that in 40s new poetry; however, with the development of the new poetry, this kind of attention and shows a decreasing trend. In the process of development of the new poetry in 40s 80s, Taiwan poetry and poetry, is similar in characteristics of rhyme, poetry and poetry is shown between the corresponding situation is more complex. However, whether or Taiwan poetry translation, corresponding to the two and the new poetry embodied in the rhyme just embodies the historical features of the development of new poetry in the process at the same time, also shows that they are the same as the contemporary poetry text in common. This paper mainly investigates the lexical analysis of selected words five kind of text, lexical category, Noun modifier etc. in their order, frequency, measurement parameters on the characteristics of probability. The study results show that the high frequency words, poetry to describe "natural landscape", prose description object shows the features of diversity, high frequency words poetry appears more complex than high-frequency words, every period there are characteristics of the period. The proportion by single word, lexical richness showed results obtained for calculating the frequency of TTR and the "a index", lexical richness was significantly higher than that of poetry poetry text text, lexical richness of the prose text is significantly lower than that of poetry text. The distribution characteristics of word frequency and frequency of lexical category shows, prose text a strong "self-organization and heterogeneity, the near poetry shows artificially high control. Between the new poetry text lies between two, most of the poetry showed definite self-organization"", But the vast majority of new poetry showed a strong homogeneity. The analysis results and the frequency of lexical category noun modifier frequency display, and arrange various prose text lexical category noun modifier is different obviously and the new poetry text, poetry and poetry text in these two areas also showed obvious differences. In the analysis of all text words about measurement in the experiment, Taiwan poetry, poetry and poetry of the dissimilarity between them is not obvious, but also with some period of the new poetry showed strong similarity, fully embodies the contemporary poetry with individuality and commonness. The analysis shows that the new poetry, poetry and prose are three independent style, style significant differences between the three. Taiwan new poetry, poetry, poetry style does not exist obvious differences, but showed different time, different regions, different writing subject details of the difference All in all, in conclusion, this study has solved the problem of stylistic localization of new poetry to some extent, reflecting the applicability and feasibility of Quantitative Linguistics in the process of new poetry research.

【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H136

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本文編號：1647337