本文關(guān)鍵詞： 老街區(qū) PR理論 城市更新 改造設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó)目前的城市快速發(fā)展與更新中,由于絕大多數(shù)城市采取大數(shù)據(jù)背景下的自上而下的規(guī)劃,導(dǎo)致了城市肌理與文化脈絡(luò)的撕裂與破碎,給城市帶來(lái)了很多階段性、過(guò)渡性和邊緣性的空間使用問(wèn)題,而在全國(guó)大大小小的城市更新中,老街區(qū)由于平房密度大、使用年限久、房屋質(zhì)量差、人均建筑面積小、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施配套不齊全、交通不便利、治安和消防隱患大、環(huán)境衛(wèi)生臟亂差等原因,其修復(fù)或拆遷往往伴隨著很多社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。老街區(qū)作為城市空間更新中的重要標(biāo)點(diǎn),對(duì)其處理方式往往顯示出一個(gè)城市的基底與情懷。而在其修復(fù)改造的過(guò)程中,往往需要處理大量公共空間被浪費(fèi)的問(wèn)題,這些空間多被臨時(shí)地賦予各種角色,在非強(qiáng)行引導(dǎo)干擾情況下,或成為娛樂(lè)休憩地,或成為雜物堆積場(chǎng),復(fù)合利用率非常低,且長(zhǎng)期缺乏管理,已無(wú)法滿足日益成長(zhǎng)的住民物質(zhì)文化與生活需求。這些公共空間主要是由街區(qū)內(nèi)的交通及交通附屬用地、房屋切割劃分或拼接出的不規(guī)則空地、廢棄地、綠化或水體駁岸空缺地和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施用地等構(gòu)成,其本身帶有匿庇與可變的屬性。PR理論(Prospect-refugetheory)自提出以來(lái),在建筑環(huán)境空間和景觀評(píng)價(jià)體系中廣為使用,其理論基于進(jìn)化論的自發(fā)性和老街區(qū)的空間序列組合的自源性契合,從人性的角度思考公共空間布局中的顯與隱、眺與匿的關(guān)系問(wèn)題,無(wú)疑可以給魚龍混雜的老街區(qū)景觀改造提供良好的設(shè)計(jì)、引導(dǎo)與持續(xù)運(yùn)營(yíng)參照的作用。本課題試以PR理論引導(dǎo)老舊街區(qū)的景觀修復(fù)改造,以福州市臺(tái)江區(qū)新港片轄街區(qū)景觀改造為例,從PR理論及相關(guān)理論的研究入手,分類總結(jié)出PR理論與老街區(qū)改造發(fā)展相契合的可供參考的設(shè)計(jì)與布局模式;再實(shí)地勘察與調(diào)研研究新港社區(qū)及其周邊場(chǎng)地的情況,進(jìn)行區(qū)域區(qū)位、上位計(jì)劃及相關(guān)計(jì)劃、自然環(huán)境和人文環(huán)境等的具體分析,找出擬設(shè)計(jì)改造場(chǎng)地的各種文化因子、空間限制、隱藏屬性與流量頻次等,結(jié)合福州市的地域經(jīng)濟(jì)文化政策等大環(huán)境因素,匯總出相應(yīng)的態(tài)勢(shì)分析與應(yīng)對(duì)對(duì)策;最后結(jié)合參考相關(guān)類型案例的實(shí)踐操作與后期效果的維護(hù)等情況,形成整套的場(chǎng)地規(guī)劃與方案構(gòu)思,探索和設(shè)計(jì)出可供參考的自下而上的補(bǔ)救城市傷痕的空間營(yíng)造與景觀布局模式。
[Abstract]:In the current rapid development and renewal of cities in China, most cities adopt top-down planning under the background of big data, which leads to the tearing and breaking of the texture and cultural context of cities. To the city has brought a lot of stage, transitional and marginal space use problem, and in the national big and small city renewal, the old block because of the large bungalow density, the long service life, the housing quality is poor. The per capita construction area is small, the infrastructure is not complete, the transportation is not convenient, the public order and the fire protection hidden danger is big, the environmental hygiene is dirty and chaotic and so on. Its repair or demolition is often accompanied by a lot of social hot issues. Old blocks as an important punctuation in urban space renewal. The way to deal with it often shows the base and feelings of a city. However, in the process of restoration and transformation, it is often necessary to deal with the waste of a large number of public spaces, which are often temporarily assigned to a variety of roles. In the case of non-forced guidance interference, or become a recreation place, or become a debris accumulation site, the composite utilization rate is very low, and long-term lack of management. These public spaces are mainly made up of traffic and traffic auxiliary land in the block, irregular open space and abandoned land which are cut or spliced out by houses, which are unable to meet the material, cultural and living needs of the growing residents. Green or water barge vacant land and infrastructure land, which has hidden and variable attributes. PR theory Prospect-fuge the orysince proposed. It is widely used in the architectural environment space and landscape evaluation system. Its theory is based on the spontaneous combination of evolution theory and the combination of space sequence of old blocks. From the perspective of human nature, it considers the explicit and implicit in the layout of public space. The relationship between overlooking and hiding can undoubtedly provide a good design guide and continuous operation reference for the landscape reconstruction of the old block. This paper tries to guide the landscape restoration and reconstruction of the old block by PR theory. Taking the landscape transformation of Xingang district in Taijiang District of Fuzhou as an example, from the research of PR theory and related theory, the paper classifies and sums up the design and layout mode of PR theory and old block reconstruction. Then investigate and research the situation of Xingang community and its surrounding sites, carry on the specific analysis of regional location, upper plan and related plans, natural environment and human environment. Find out all kinds of cultural factors, space limitation, hidden attribute and flow frequency, and combine with Fuzhou's regional economic and cultural policy, summarize the corresponding situation analysis and countermeasures; Finally, with reference to the practical operation of the relevant types of cases and the maintenance of the later effects, a complete set of site planning and plan design is formed. To explore and design the space construction and landscape layout model of urban scar remediation from bottom to top for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.114

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