本文關(guān)鍵詞：海南瓊北地區(qū)高爾夫球場植物景觀與評價　出處：《海南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著海南國際旅游島的興建,以及獨特的氣候條件和自然環(huán)境,使得高爾夫產(chǎn)業(yè)得到了快速的發(fā)展。�？谑胁粌H是海南省的省會與旅游重地,也是海南高爾夫旅游的發(fā)源地。它在海南高爾夫產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程中,不僅發(fā)展最早、且球場數(shù)量最多。此外更為重要的是,�？诘貐^(qū)擁有對高爾夫園林造景具有獨特意義的火山巖植被景觀。因此,研究�？谥苓叺貐^(qū)高爾夫園林景觀對于整個海南乃至熱帶地區(qū)高爾夫園林景觀的建設(shè)與發(fā)展都具有重要意義。 本研究以海南國際旅游島建設(shè)及海南高爾夫發(fā)展的巨大潛力為背景,從高爾夫球場建設(shè)與發(fā)展的學(xué)術(shù)和理論研究出發(fā),綜合相關(guān)學(xué)科理論,按照年代排序選擇了四家具有代表性的高爾夫球場(三公里、月亮灣、東山和南麗湖高爾夫)進(jìn)行研究。首先,通過實地調(diào)查取樣及文獻(xiàn)資料收集,對高爾夫球場建設(shè)與規(guī)劃中的植物造景手法、植物類型與觀賞特性、人工植物群落等因素進(jìn)行定性分析,然后再通過層次分析法、專家咨詢法和模糊數(shù)學(xué)法相結(jié)合的綜合方法對其內(nèi)在質(zhì)量進(jìn)行綜合評價。通過分析研究,主要包括以下幾點結(jié)論： (1)在空間造景手法運用上,各高爾夫球場使用隔景作為主要的空間分隔手法、障景為輔。三公里高爾夫主要通過山石、地形的變化來塑造主配景組合以豐富球場空間。月亮灣高爾夫主要通過植物組合來塑造主配景。而東山高爾夫的空間則簡單地采用植物作隔景來分隔,整體感較單調(diào)。南麗湖高爾夫利用自身優(yōu)勢,多用水面分隔空間,植物組合搭配形式比較少。 (2)在植物造景方式運用上,列植是各高爾夫球場最常見的植物配置方式,叢植的景觀效果最豐富,而孤植是所有球場最少見的配置方式。四個球場中以月亮灣高爾夫最注重植物之間的搭配和整體感；三公里國際高爾夫雖然較注重植物組合,但其植物材料受長勢,管理條件影響,整體效果有所欠缺；而東山高爾夫樹種單一,植物造景容易產(chǎn)生單調(diào)感。南麗湖以椰子為基調(diào)樹種,缺少與其他植物組合搭配。 (3)在景觀元素搭配形式運用上,三公里高爾夫運用方式最為豐富,主要為山石與植物元素之間的搭配,廣泛應(yīng)用于轉(zhuǎn)角、邊緣、障礙等。月亮灣高爾夫中主要為植物材料與小品的搭配。東山高爾夫中主要為植物與草坪的組合。南麗湖高爾夫主要將植物素材與南麗湖搭配造景。 (4)通過分類統(tǒng)計,海南瓊北地區(qū)四家高爾夫球場(三公里、月亮灣、東山、南麗湖)植物種類共計283種。其中以多年生草本(118種)占42%,喬木(84種)占30%,灌木(50種)占17%,藤本(31種)占11%四種生活型為主,占據(jù)有絕對優(yōu)勢。在植物觀賞類型中：觀花類(92種)占33%,觀葉類(66種)占23%,觀果類(24種)占8%,觀株形類(61種)占22%,觀根莖類(40種)占14%,總體來看球場植物觀賞價值較高。 (5)四個球場人工植物群落中,鄉(xiāng)土樹種運用較少,喬木層植物配置多選用城市綠化常見的樹種：如椰子、木麻黃、橡膠樹、臺灣相思等,且種類單一。整體配置缺少變化和內(nèi)涵,缺乏區(qū)域特色和文化特性。 (6)從綜合評分來看,海南瓊北地區(qū)高爾夫球場植物造景質(zhì)量等級均為優(yōu)良以上,優(yōu)劣順序依次為三公里(93.9242)南麗湖(91.6090)月亮灣(90.7095)東山(89.8380)。四個球場的排列順序基本上是按照開業(yè)時間的先后順序,說明隨著時間的推移,高爾夫植物造景在人們內(nèi)心已經(jīng)從觀賞角度和心理需求方面發(fā)生了變化,對植物造景藝術(shù)和意境的要求越來越高,這些都反映在高爾夫規(guī)劃設(shè)計的植物景觀之中。
[Abstract]:With the construction of Hainan international tourism island, as well as the unique climate conditions and natural environment, the golf industry has got fast development. Haikou city is not only the capital of Hainan province and tourist area, Hainan is also the birthplace of golf tourism in Hainan. It is the golf industry development process, not only the development of the earliest, and stadium the largest number. More importantly, the Haikou region has a volcano rock vegetation landscape has unique significance to the golf landscape. Therefore, is of great significance to the construction and development of golf landscape research in Haikou surrounding areas for the whole of Hainan and the tropics Golf landscape.
In the context of the enormous potential of the construction of Hainan international tourism island and Hainan golf development, starting from the academic and theoretical research on the construction and development of the golf course, the comprehensive related theories, according to the time sequence selected four representative Golf Course (three km, Moon Bay, Dongshan and golf courses) were studied. First of all, based on the field investigation and literature collection, the methods of plant landscape of golf course construction and planning, and ornamental characteristics of plant type, artificial plant community factors such as qualitative analysis, and then through the AHP method, the comprehensive method combining Delphi method and fuzzy mathematics method to evaluate its internal quality. Through analysis and research, mainly including the following conclusions:
(1) in the use of space landscaping, the golf course by using landscape as the main space approach, supplemented by three km Golf scenery mainly through the rocks, the terrain changes to shape the main background combined with rich field space. The Moon Bay Golf mainly through the combination of plant to shape the main background and Dongshan golf. The space is simply used to separate plants across the landscape, the overall sense is monotonous. Golf courses use their own advantages, with the water separated by space, combination of plant collocation form is relatively small.
(2) in the plant landscape on the way, the golf course is listed and plant configuration of the most common, the most abundant vegetation landscape effect, and single plant allocation mode of all the courses most rare. Four pitches to the Moon Bay Golf most attention collocation between plants and the whole body; three km international although Golf pay more attention to the combination of plant, but the plant material growth, management conditions, the overall effect of lacking; Dongshan Golf single species, plant landscaping is easy to produce monotony. Nanlihu tone with the coconut tree species, the lack of collocation and combination of other plants.
(3) in the form of the use of landscape elements collocation, three km Golf means the most abundant, mainly between rocks and plant collocation elements, is widely used in the corner edge of obstacles. The Moon Bay Golf mainly plant material and collocation sketch. As the main combination of plants and lawn Dongshan Golf. Golf courses mainly plant material and nanlihu collocation landscape.
(4) through the classification statistics, Hainan northern area four golf courses (three km, Moon Bay, Dongshan, nanlihu) a total of 283 plant species. The perennial herbs (118 species) accounted for 42%, accounting for 30% of trees (84 species), shrubs (50 species) accounted for 17%, vines (31 species) accounted for 11% of the four life oriented, occupies the absolute advantage. In the types of ornamental plants: flowering type (92 species) accounted for 33%, foliage type (66 species) accounted for 23%, the concept of fruits (24 species) accounted for 8%, the concept of plant shape class (61 species) accounted for 22%, the concept of rhizome (40 A) accounted for 14% of overall course of ornamental plants of high value.
(5) four artificial plant community stadium, native species use less, arbor plant configuration selection of city greening common tree species: such as coconut, Casuarina, rubber tree, Taiwan Acacia, and single species. The overall configuration changes and lack of connotation, lack of regional characteristics and cultural characteristics.
(6) from the composite score, the quality grade of Hainan northern area golf course landscape plants are excellent, in sequence of three km (93.9242) nanlihu (91.6090) (90.7095) Dongshan Bay (89.8380). The four court order is basically in accordance with the order of the opening time, along with the the passage of time, people's heart has plants in golf from the viewing angle and the psychological demand changes, the plant landscape art and the artistic conception of the increasingly high demand, these are reflected in the plant landscape planning and design of the golf.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU986

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本文編號：1421953