本文關(guān)鍵詞：華北地區(qū)懸鈴木春季抽條影響因子研究　出處：《河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 懸鈴木 抽條 抽條發(fā)生率 含水量 耐寒性

【摘要】：懸鈴木具有觀賞性佳、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、病蟲害少等優(yōu)點(diǎn),成為園林中應(yīng)用率較高的綠化樹種之一。華北地區(qū)部分城市中很多懸鈴木出現(xiàn)春季抽條的現(xiàn)象,這已成為制約懸鈴木應(yīng)用的最大障礙,也嚴(yán)重影響了懸鈴木的景觀效果。為了找到懸鈴木抽條的關(guān)鍵所在,在此,本文對(duì)懸鈴木的抽條問題進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的研究。本文主要以保定、石家莊和廊坊3個(gè)城市為例,考察了多條以懸鈴木為主要行道樹的道路,通過對(duì)懸鈴木立地環(huán)境、根系、地溫、土壤容重、枝條含水量、可溶性蛋白和糖以及耐寒性這幾個(gè)因子進(jìn)行觀察和試驗(yàn),總結(jié)出各影響因子與懸鈴木抽條的關(guān)系,并從中找到導(dǎo)致懸鈴木抽條的關(guān)鍵所在。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)通過對(duì)石家莊、保定和廊坊三個(gè)城市懸鈴木的胸徑、生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境、抽條情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,并對(duì)抽條等級(jí)進(jìn)行劃分。結(jié)果表明,石家莊、保定、廊坊的抽條發(fā)生率分別為15.46%,25.59%,43.72%,從南到北呈逐漸加劇的趨勢(shì);栽植方位對(duì)抽條的影響表現(xiàn)為,南北向道路東、西兩側(cè)差距不大,東西向道路南側(cè)較北側(cè)抽條發(fā)生率高;而不同種植形式對(duì)抽條的影響較小,樹池與條狀綠化帶之間的差距不足2%。冬季大風(fēng)天氣對(duì)懸鈴木抽條有著不可忽略的影響。(2)通過抽條嚴(yán)重和正常生長(zhǎng)的懸鈴木土壤容重、含水量以及根量對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),土壤含水量的多少不是導(dǎo)致懸鈴木抽條的主要原因;抽條情況不同的兩種懸鈴木所在的土壤密度環(huán)境差距較大,沒有發(fā)生抽條的懸鈴木所在土壤容重明顯小于抽條情況嚴(yán)重的懸鈴木;抽條情況不同的懸鈴木根量在豎直以及橫向上都有巨大差距。正常生長(zhǎng)的懸鈴木根系主要分布在0~40cm土層處,而抽條嚴(yán)重的懸鈴木根系主要分布在0~20cm處,根系投影面則小于樹冠投影許多。(3)以4種懸鈴木(美桐、英桐、法桐以及速生法桐)為試驗(yàn)試材,研究枝條含水量和臨界含水量與抽條的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,安全越冬的懸鈴木含水量呈現(xiàn)先下降后上升的趨勢(shì),2014年,4種懸鈴木枝條失水主要集中在2月19日至3月1日之間。安全越冬的休眠期枝條含水量與電解質(zhì)滲出率呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.777**)。對(duì)懸鈴木枝條臨界含水量的測(cè)定試驗(yàn)表明,美桐、英桐、法桐三者發(fā)生抽條的臨界含水量在40%~35%,速生法桐的臨界含水量在35%~30%,速生法桐的抗抽條能力更強(qiáng)。(4)以英桐和速生法桐2種懸鈴木為試材,研究休眠期懸鈴木枝條可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的變化。結(jié)果表明,在懸鈴木失水的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,速生法桐的可溶性蛋白含量高于英桐,但可溶性糖含量卻始終較英桐少。(5)以美桐、英桐、法桐、速生法桐4種懸鈴木為試材,研究低溫脅迫下冬季各月份懸鈴木枝條半致死溫度變化。結(jié)果表明,隨著冬季各月溫度先降低、后升高,懸鈴木枝條的半致死溫度也呈現(xiàn)相同的趨勢(shì)。其中英桐的抗寒性較其它三種要高。但華北地區(qū)冬季最低溫度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于懸鈴木半致死溫度,因此推斷冬季低溫不是抽條的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Sycamore ornamental good, strong adaptability, fewer pests and diseases has become one of the high rate of application in garden greening tree species. Many parts of North China in the city of sycamore spring pumping phenomenon, which has become the biggest obstacle to the application of sycamore, also seriously affected the sycamore landscape effect. In order to find the key. Sycamore pumping on the corresponding research on the plane pumping problem. This paper mainly in Baoding, 3 in Shijiazhuang and Langfang city as an example, studied several main road to sycamore trees, through the plane arborescens environment, root system, soil temperature, soil bulk density, water content of branches, for the observation and test of soluble protein and sugar and cold tolerance of these factors, summed up the influence factors and the relationship between sycamore pumping, and find the key to sycamore pumping lies. The main results are as follows: (1) in Shijiazhuang, Baoding and Langfang three growth environment of the city of sycamore, DBH, pumping conditions were investigated, and on a level. The results showed that Shijiazhuang, Baoding, the pumping rate was 15.46%, 25.59% in Langfang, 43.72%, from south to north is a gradually increasing trend; effect of planting on a range of performance for the North South Road, East and west sides gap, East-West Road on the south side is on the north side of the pumping rate is high; and the influence of different planting pattern on the small tree pool and green belt shaped gap between 2%. with a Winter Gale weather a non negligible effect on sycamore pumping. (2) by pumping serious and normal growth of platanusacerifolia soil bulk density, moisture content and root biomass comparison, soil water content is not the main reason resulting in the sycamore pumping pumping situation; The density of soil environmental gap two with the large tree, no pumping platanusacerifolia where the soil bulk density was significantly less than the pumping serious sycamore; a pumping sycamore root biomass of different has a huge gap in the vertical and horizontal. The normal growth of the suspended SUZUKI root mainly distributed in 0~40cm soil layer, and smoke a serious Platanus system mainly distributed in 0~20cm, the projection surface is less than the root crown projection. (3) to 4 (the British Tong Tong, sycamore, Fatong and poplar Fatong) were used as experimental material, the research branches of water content and critical water content and pumping relationship. The results show that the safety the water content of overwintering sycamore decreased firstly and then increased, in 2014, 4 sycamore branches mainly concentrated in the water loss between February 19th and March 1st. Dormant shoot water content and electrolyte permeability rate significantly in winter A significant negative correlation (r=-0.777**). Test of sycamore branches critical moisture content show that the beauty of Tong, Tong Ying, Fatong occurrence of the three critical moisture pumping in 40%~35%, the fast-growing Fatong critical moisture content in 35%~30%, anti pumping ability of fast-growing Fatong. (4) in English and Tong the 2 speed tree as test materials, changes of dormancy in Platanus soluble protein and soluble sugar content. The results show that in the critical period of Platanus water, soluble protein content was higher than that of the fast-growing Fatong Tong, but soluble sugar content was always higher than the British Tong less. (5) to the United States Tong, UK Tong, Fatong, poplar Fatong 4 tree as test materials, the effects of low temperature stress in each month of sycamore branches semi lethal temperature changes. The results showed that, with the winter temperature in different months decreased first, then increased, tree branches and semi lethal temperature also showed the same trend. Ying Tong cold resistance compared with the other three to high. But the lowest temperature in winter in North China is much higher than that of Platanus semi lethal temperature, mainly due to low temperature in winter is not so that pumping.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S792.37

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉紅宇;陳超燕;劉曉莉;張歡;孫倩;;樟樹黃化病與樹皮電阻值、含水量關(guān)系的研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2006年12期

2 程國(guó)青;銀杏栽培后的管理[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2005年01期

3 王清華;;西北城鎮(zhèn)綠化樹種抽條原因及預(yù)防措施[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2011年14期

4 高洪岐;蘋果幼樹抽條癥狀、原因及預(yù)防措施[J];北方果樹;1995年04期

5 彭立新，王明啟，梁維堅(jiān)，解明，，李冬升;榛屬（Corylus L．）植物抗寒性研究[J];吉林林學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1994年03期

6 冀明利;;法桐樹葉枯黃的原因探析[J];現(xiàn)代園藝;2012年10期

7 尹章文;宋建偉;張燕;;核桃抽條的原因及預(yù)防措施[J];落葉果樹;2008年03期

8 呂躍東;董鳳祥;王貴禧;王慶成;;平歐雜交榛抗寒性綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系的建立與應(yīng)用[J];林業(yè)科學(xué);2008年09期

9 浦新泉,促秀林,朱永忠;懸鈴木大樹移栽技術(shù)[J];林業(yè)科技通訊;2001年02期

10 顧忠好;;懸鈴木的栽培與管理[J];農(nóng)技服務(wù);2010年07期

本文編號(hào)：1399205