本文選題：口述歷史　切入點(diǎn)：紀(jì)錄片　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：口述歷史是通過一群人或者一個(gè)人對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生事實(shí)的口頭敘述的客觀記錄。而紀(jì)錄片力排虛構(gòu)利用聲音、畫面,對(duì)真實(shí)生活客觀記錄,與口述歷史多角度、多側(cè)面反映歷史,客觀再現(xiàn)并重建歷史原貌的特點(diǎn)相契合,使得兩者結(jié)合成為紀(jì)錄片的一種重要形式�？谑鰵v史是通過錄音、錄像、訪談的方式,記錄具有歷史意義的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),這種歷史研究的田野調(diào)查方法,為人們了解歷史提供了較為可靠的資料�？谑鰵v史與紀(jì)錄片的影像相結(jié)合,近些年成為紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作的一個(gè)重要的表現(xiàn)方法。本文以近年來國(guó)內(nèi)口述歷史紀(jì)錄片為研究對(duì)象,以影視敘事學(xué)、文學(xué)敘事學(xué)等相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ),分析研究口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的現(xiàn)狀和敘事特點(diǎn)。 本文分為五個(gè)部分：第一部分論證什么是口述歷史紀(jì)錄片,對(duì)口述歷史紀(jì)錄片梳理出一個(gè)清晰的定義,對(duì)此類型的紀(jì)錄片在國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀以及研究趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了分析闡述。 第二部分：口述與紀(jì)錄片其他元素結(jié)合的必然性,口述歷史的起源發(fā)展以及特點(diǎn),我國(guó)口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的影像歷程,口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論證紀(jì)錄片真實(shí)影像如何介入見證歷史真實(shí),給觀眾帶來直觀的情感體驗(yàn)。結(jié)合口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,對(duì)當(dāng)前紀(jì)錄片在多元化媒體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)發(fā)展的狀況進(jìn)行分析,論證口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的敘事研究的意義。 第三部分：從敘事視角、敘事語言、敘事結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面論述口述歷史紀(jì)錄片的敘事特點(diǎn)。通過口述歷史紀(jì)錄片中的親歷者或見證人的敘事視角,客觀呈現(xiàn)并豐富觀眾對(duì)歷史的認(rèn)知�？谑鰵v史紀(jì)錄片為克服自身畫面枯燥單一的缺點(diǎn),在畫面上注重細(xì)節(jié)刻畫的故事化敘事,通過對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)畫面的捕捉,來展現(xiàn)社會(huì)情境和人物性格：音響效果加強(qiáng)了視覺的情感交流,聲音既是敘事手段也是一種對(duì)視覺畫面的補(bǔ)充；“群言”的敘述方式也形成了語言蒙太奇,相互佐證敘述內(nèi)容,客觀性、真實(shí)性、以及視覺感官都得以增加。部紀(jì)錄片中文本的整合方法、總體架構(gòu)模式以及段落之間的銜接方式?jīng)Q定著作者的思想能否有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá),也決定著觀眾是否能清晰明了的讀懂文本所要表達(dá)的意思,敘事結(jié)構(gòu)在一部紀(jì)錄片的文本研究中占有重要地位,時(shí)空交錯(cuò)、虛實(shí)相間的交叉敘事結(jié)構(gòu),更能凸顯一部紀(jì)錄片的主題,讓觀眾心領(lǐng)神會(huì)作者表達(dá)的思想。 第四部分：口述歷史紀(jì)錄片在多元共生的紀(jì)錄時(shí)空中,要想突圍必須做到以下幾個(gè)方面：運(yùn)用多種影像手法,注重提供視覺的事件現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。第二,多種視域進(jìn)行結(jié)合。第三,口語化的表達(dá)方式。第四,能夠吸引觀眾的內(nèi)容。 第五部分總結(jié)：口述歷史紀(jì)錄片為觀眾提供了一個(gè)真實(shí)的歷史影像,獨(dú)特的內(nèi)視角敘事,個(gè)人化情感的展示,豐富了觀眾對(duì)歷史的認(rèn)知,故事化敘事增強(qiáng)了可觀賞性,獲得了觀眾的認(rèn)可,為正在發(fā)展中的口述歷史紀(jì)錄片提供借鑒以贏得更寬廣的生存和發(fā)展空間。
[Abstract]:Oral history is a group of people or a person on the objective record have happened. The oral narrative documentary fiction force row by the sound, picture of real life objective records, oral history and multi angle, multi reflection of history, characteristics and historical reconstruction objective representation of fit, the combination has become a an important form of oral history documentary. Through recordings, videos, interviews, historic record of the personal point of view, this field investigation method of historical research, history provides reliable data for people to understand. Oral history and documentary image combination, in recent years become an important manifestation of the documentary film creation method in this paper. In recent years the domestic oral history documentary film as the research object, the film narrative theory, narrative literature as the basis for analysis of oral The present situation and narrative characteristics of the historical documentary.
This paper is divided into five parts: the first part demonstrates what is oral history documentaries, and makes a clear definition of oral historical documentaries. The research status and research trend of this type of documentary at home and abroad are also analyzed.
The second part: the necessity of oral and documentary other elements with the origin and development of oral history and characteristics, image process of Chinese oral history documentary, practical significance of oral history documentary. The documentary image demonstrated how to intervene witness history, giving the audience a visual emotional experience. Combined with the practical significance of oral history documentary. The documentary in the diversified media competition market development situation analysis, research and demonstration of Oral History Documentary narrative significance.
The third part: from the narrative perspective, narrative language, narrative structure three aspects discusses the narrative features of oral history documentary. Through Oral History Documentary witness testimony or narrative view of people, and enrich the cognition of audience presenting history. The Oral History Documentary in order to overcome the shortcomings of a single boring picture, in the picture on narrative details, through the details of image capture, to show the social situation and character of sound effects strengthen emotional communication between visual, sound is also a visual sense of narrative picture added; "action" narrative form language montage, corroborating narrative content, objectivity, authenticity well, the visual senses are increased. The integration method of text in the documentary, cohesion between architecture and mode determines the paragraph The author thought whether there is an appropriate expression, but also determines whether the audience can read the text clearly to express the meaning, occupies an important position, the text of narrative structure in a documentary in time-space, cross the narrative structure of the actual situation and, more to highlight a documentary theme, let the audience the author understands the expression of ideas.
The fourth part: the Oral History Documentary in symbiosis records in time and space, in order to break through must do the following aspects: use of various imaging techniques, to provide on-site visual events. Second, multi domain combined. Third, spoken way. Fourth, to attract the audience.
The fifth part: summary of oral history documentary provides a real historical image for the audience, in view of the unique narrative, personal emotional display, enrich the audience's understanding of history, narrative to enhance visibility, to get recognized by the audience, provide reference to win broader space for survival and development is in the development of oral history documentary.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：J952

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