本文選題：家庭醫(yī)生　切入點(diǎn)：問卷回收率　出處：《中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué)》2015年31期

【摘要】：目的患者有時(shí)候會(huì)采取自愿停止飲食(VSED)的方式有意加速死亡,在這種情況下家庭醫(yī)生所起到的作用鮮為人知。本研究旨在為遇到此類情況的家庭醫(yī)生提供更多信息,對(duì)醫(yī)生VSED的參與情況、患者的特點(diǎn)和動(dòng)機(jī)、VSED持續(xù)時(shí)間和進(jìn)程以及患者生命最后3 d的一般癥狀進(jìn)行描述。方法從全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)隨機(jī)選取1 100名家庭醫(yī)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查(問卷回收率為72%),對(duì)其中500名醫(yī)生提出關(guān)于最近一次遇到VSED情況的問題。結(jié)果符合條件醫(yī)生有978名,其中708名(72.4%)予以回答;曾經(jīng)護(hù)理VSED加速死亡患者的醫(yī)生占46%。在500名回答額外問題的醫(yī)生中,符合條件的為440名,其中285名(64.8%)予以回答,共描述了99名VSED患者。在收集的患者資料中,70%的患者年齡為80歲以上,76%的患者患有嚴(yán)重疾病(27%患有癌癥),77%的患者需依賴他人進(jìn)行日常護(hù)理�；颊哌x擇加速死亡的原因通常是身體老化(79%)、存在嚴(yán)重疾病(77%)和依賴別人(58%)。死亡前中位時(shí)間為7 d,死亡前的一般癥狀為疼痛、疲勞、認(rèn)知功能受損、口渴或者喉咽干燥。在62%的VSED案例中有家庭醫(yī)生參與。結(jié)論通過VSED加速死亡的患者多數(shù)身體狀況差。家庭醫(yī)生可以應(yīng)對(duì)VSED,他們幫助患者了解VSED,在VSED期間為患者提供幫助和癥狀管理,在此類患者的護(hù)理中起到了重要作用。
[Abstract]:Objective patients sometimes voluntarily stop eating VSED) to deliberately accelerate death, in which case the role of family doctors is little-known.The purpose of this study was to provide more information for family doctors who encountered such situations, to describe the participation of doctors in VSED, the duration and process of the patients and the general symptoms of the last 3 days of their lives.Methods A total of 1 100 family doctors were randomly selected from all over the country.Results there were 978 qualified doctors, 708 of whom answered 72.4%, 46 doctors who had cared for patients with accelerated death of VSED.Of the 500 doctors who answered additional questions, 440 were eligible, 285 of whom answered 64.8, and 99 VSED patients were described.Among the collected data, 70% of the patients were over 80 years old and 76% had serious diseases. 27% of the patients had cancer and 77% of the patients had to rely on others for daily nursing.The reason patients choose to accelerate death is usually due to aging, serious illness, and dependence on others.The median time before death was 7 days. The common symptoms before death were pain, fatigue, impaired cognitive function, thirst or dry throat.Family doctors were involved in 62% of VSED cases.Conclusion most patients with accelerated death through VSED are in poor physical condition.Family doctors can deal with VSED, helping patients understand VSED, providing help and symptom management during VSED, and playing an important role in the care of such patients.
【分類號(hào)】：R473

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