英語論文寫作的注釋格式注意事項
本文由無憂論文網(wǎng)為大家來介紹和講解普通英語論文的注釋格式注意事項。
I.注釋格式
為統(tǒng)一格式起見,英語論文格式英語專業(yè)學生留學畢業(yè)論文的注釋采用尾注和夾注,不采用腳注。凡是對論文中某一單詞、詞組、引文、或某一說法進行補充性說明的,采用尾注(即下文第1條所說的End-notes)的方式,但在論文里英文統(tǒng)一采用Notes一詞;凡是在論文中使用直接引語或間接引語的,一律采用文中夾注的方式(見下文第2條)。
1.尾注(End-notes)
在正文需注釋處的右上方按順序加注數(shù)碼①②③……,在論文的正文之后寫注文,每條注文加對應數(shù)碼,回行時與上一行注文對齊。加注數(shù)碼與數(shù)碼對齊。
尾注要包括作者姓名、文章全名、出版社、出版日期。請看下面的例子:
1) 報刊文章引文的注釋
Barbara Crosette, “China Outflanks US to Avoid Scrutiny of Its Human Rights.” New York Times, April 24, 1996, p. A12.
Dorn Bonafede, “The Washington Press – An Interview or a Participant in Policy Making,” National Journal 14, April 24, 1982, pp. 716-721, Financial Times, Sept-26, 1997, p. 13.
2) 所引文章收入他人主編的書中
Hao Yunfan, “Environmental Protection and Chinese Foreign Policy,” in Thomas W. Robinson, ed., The Foreign Relations of China’s Environmental Policy (Washington, D. C.: American Enterprise Institute, 1992), p. 166.
3) 轉引別人文章中的引文
As quoted in Edward J. Epstein, “The Selection of Reality,” New Yorker, March 3, 1973. p. 41.
4) 引文出自專著
Gordon Chang, “Friends and Enemies, The United States, China, and the Soviet Union, 1948-1972,” Stanford, Ca.: Stanford University Press, 1990, pp. 106-109.
5) 引自手稿、會議發(fā)言
Lee Kuan Yew, discussion, International Institute for Strategic Studies meeting, Singapore, Sept, 12, 1997.
David Hale, “How the Rise of Pension Funds Will Change the Global Economy in the 21st Century,” manuscript.
Eugene Ludwig, speech to American Bankers Association, Oct. 8, 1997.
6) 連續(xù)幾個引文出自一處
Thomas Patterson, “The Mass Media Election,” New York, Praeger, 1980, p. 25.
Ibid., p.30.
Ibid., pp. 44-45.
7) 中文引文
修昔底德:《伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭史》,商務印書館,1960年,第2頁。
2.文中夾注(In-text Citations)
某些引文和/或所依據(jù)的文獻無需詳細注釋者,以夾注的形式隨文在括弧內注明。
1) 來自專著的直接引語,作者姓名在文中已經出現(xiàn)
格式:出版年份:頁碼
例如:
Rees(1986:241)said,“As key aspects of learning are not stable,but changeable,this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”.
2)來自專著的直接引語,作者姓名在文中沒有出現(xiàn)
格式:作者姓名 出版年份:頁碼。
例如:
“我們所懂得的只是實體存在的片段,,可以肯定地說,一切具有重大意義的理論至多只能是部分地真實,但這不應作為放棄理論研究的借口”(Chomsky 1979:48) 。
“One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience are more familiar with and receptive to Western culture than the average English readers is to Chinese culture”(Fung 1995:71).
3) 如果引述的內容為大段原文(超過四行),所引原文左邊雙倍縮進(即10個字符),右邊與上下文對齊。 引文一般用冒號引出,引文不加引號。
例如:
He is aware of the politics of his choice and that English is not the natural medium for his social novel. He describes his process of creation thus:
I found, while writing spontaneously, that I was always translating dialogue from the original Punjabi into English. The way in which my mother said something in the dialect of central Punjabi could not have been expressed in any other way except in an almost literal translation, which might carry over the sound and the sense of the original speech. I also found, that I was dreaming or thinking or brooding over two-thirds of the prose narrative in Punjabi, or n Hindustani and only one-third in the English language. This happened usually while I was writing stories and novels. (Anand 1979:36)
注意上述例子中句號與括號的相應位置。
4)來自某篇文章的直接引語,作者姓名在文中沒有出現(xiàn)
格式:作者姓名(英文只注姓)、出版年月
例如:
“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as‘just’words—but there isn’t.” (Baston 1972)
5)來自專著的間接引語,作者的姓名在文中已經提到
格式:出版年份:引文頁碼
例如:
According to Alun Rees(1986:234),the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.
6)來自專著的間接引語,作者的姓名在文中沒有提到
格式: 作者姓名、出版年份;引文頁碼
例如:
It may be true that in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance.(see Robertson 1987:136)
注:如所述觀點可直接從原文找到,用(c.f.: Robertson 1987:136)
7)提到某人的觀點(沒有提到姓名)
格式:作者姓名,發(fā)表年份
例如:
This point has been argued before. (Frye 1998)
A number of studies do not find texts with long series of Terms which derive from a single semantic field. (Thompson 1985; Francis 1989/1990)
8)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資料
格式:編號(自設)
例如:
“A deconstructive reading is a reading which analyses the specificity of a text’s critical difference from itself.” (Net.2)
注:Net.2.“征引文獻”中的編號,是為了便于注明文內引語的出處。參考第II部分《參考文獻格式》中的第5) 點“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資料”。
以上就是無憂論文網(wǎng)對英語論文注釋格式的相關介紹。
本文編號:61526
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