本文選題：西方思想史 + 彼特·紐馬克�。� 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本次翻譯實(shí)踐選用的文本是《思想史中的馬克思——資本主義何去何從》的第一章至第四章。本報(bào)告是對(duì)此次翻譯實(shí)踐的分析和總結(jié)�！端枷胧分械鸟R克思——資本主義何去何從》是一本社會(huì)科學(xué)類(lèi)著作,作者主要從西方近代社會(huì)哲學(xué)和思想史的角度對(duì)馬克思主義以及《資本論》的現(xiàn)代意義進(jìn)行闡述。在第一章到第四章中,作者主要介紹了資本主義的兩面性、馬克思和洛克等諸多西方思想家的觀點(diǎn)及著作,內(nèi)容涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、環(huán)境、社會(huì)、哲學(xué)思想和歷史等各方面的問(wèn)題,行文主旨鮮明,思路清晰,邏輯嚴(yán)密,專(zhuān)有名詞頗多,具有一定的專(zhuān)業(yè)性。在翻譯時(shí),必須正確理解原文,確保譯文的正確性、嚴(yán)密性、規(guī)范性和可讀性。這也是本次翻譯實(shí)踐的翻譯目標(biāo)。英國(guó)著名的翻譯理論家—一彼特·紐馬克針對(duì)翻譯提出的"文本類(lèi)型論"、"交際翻譯和語(yǔ)義翻譯"為我們提供了一個(gè)有關(guān)翻譯的嶄新視角。紐馬克首先對(duì)語(yǔ)言功能進(jìn)行歸類(lèi),并據(jù)此對(duì)內(nèi)容和文體不同的文本進(jìn)行了分類(lèi),其中包括信息型文本和表達(dá)型文本等多種文本類(lèi)型;同時(shí),他認(rèn)為針對(duì)不同的文本類(lèi)型需要采用不同的翻譯對(duì)策,提出了語(yǔ)義翻譯和交際翻譯等策略。在很大程度上,語(yǔ)義翻譯有助于提高譯文的正確性和嚴(yán)密性,交際翻譯有助于增強(qiáng)譯文的可讀性。根據(jù)此次原文本的內(nèi)容和特征以及確立的翻譯目標(biāo),筆者認(rèn)為紐馬克的這種翻譯理論非常有助于此次翻譯目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)和翻譯質(zhì)量的提升,可以把它運(yùn)用于本次翻譯實(shí)踐。筆者在著手翻譯原文時(shí),將其翻譯過(guò)程大致分為三個(gè)步驟:首先通過(guò)查閱字典和中文資料進(jìn)行初譯;然后進(jìn)行多次修改;最后校對(duì)定稿。在具體的翻譯方法和技巧方面,筆者在報(bào)告中主要從長(zhǎng)句翻譯、主語(yǔ)省略句翻譯和術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯這三方面著手,通過(guò)舉例分析來(lái)進(jìn)行探討。在長(zhǎng)句的翻譯過(guò)程中,筆者在追求譯文的正確性、嚴(yán)密性和規(guī)范性的同時(shí),也力求將長(zhǎng)句表達(dá)得更清晰易懂,符合中文的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣,為此主要運(yùn)用了 "調(diào)整語(yǔ)序"、"分譯"和"添加連接成分"等翻譯方法和技巧;在主語(yǔ)省略句的翻譯過(guò)程中,為了更清晰地表達(dá)文章脈絡(luò),確保譯文的嚴(yán)密性和可讀性,筆者在把握原文內(nèi)容和上下文語(yǔ)境的基礎(chǔ)上,在譯文中添加了相應(yīng)主語(yǔ);在術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯過(guò)程中,筆者也參考了有關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯原則(如正確性、規(guī)范性、簡(jiǎn)潔性和透明性等),而且筆者還注意到文本中的大量術(shù)語(yǔ)在中國(guó)都有約定俗成的譯文,因而主要采用了調(diào)查已有固定譯文的方法,其中也提出了一些需要注意的問(wèn)題。筆者依據(jù)上述思路,將報(bào)告的正文部分共分為三個(gè)章節(jié)。第一章主要闡述翻譯前的準(zhǔn)備工作,包括對(duì)原文內(nèi)容及特征的分析、翻譯目標(biāo)的設(shè)定、翻譯理論的選擇等內(nèi)容。第二章分別對(duì)紐馬克的文本類(lèi)型論、語(yǔ)義翻譯與交際翻譯等翻譯理論和原文的翻譯過(guò)程進(jìn)行具體分析和說(shuō)明。第三章主要分析具體的翻譯方法和技巧。在報(bào)告的結(jié)尾部分,筆者總結(jié)了在本次翻譯實(shí)踐中的收獲和不足等�？偠灾�,筆者在靈活運(yùn)用上述紐馬克的翻譯論的基礎(chǔ)上,也參考了有關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯原則,并靈活使用多種翻譯方法和技巧,力求既可以正確傳達(dá)原文意義,又可以確保譯文的嚴(yán)密性、規(guī)范性和可讀性。希望通過(guò)本次翻譯實(shí)踐,能夠加深筆者對(duì)翻譯的認(rèn)識(shí)和思考,有助于今后的翻譯實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:The text of the translation practice is the first chapter to chapter fourth of Marx in the history of thought - the course of capitalism in the history of capitalism. This report is an analysis and summary of the practice of this translation. Marx, in the history of thought, is a Book of social science, and the author mainly from the modern western social philosophy and the philosophy of society. In the first chapter to the fourth chapter, the author mainly introduces the two sides of capitalism, the views and works of many western thinkers, such as Marx and Rock, and the content involving economic, political, social, social, philosophical and historical issues in the first chapter to the fourth chapter. In the translation, we must correctly understand the original text and ensure the correctness, tightness, normality and readability of the translation. This is also the translation goal of this translation practice. A famous British translation theorist, Pete Newmark, puts forward the translation. The "text type theory", "communicative translation and semantic translation" provides us with a new perspective on translation. First, Newmark classifies the function of language and classifies the text with different content and style, including various text types such as informative text and expressive text. At the same time, he thinks that the different types of text are different. The text types need to adopt different translation strategies and put forward the strategies of semantic translation and communicative translation. To a great extent, semantic translation helps to improve the correctness and tightness of the translation, and the communicative translation helps to enhance the readability of the translation. The translation theory of Newmark is very helpful to the realization of the translation goal and the improvement of the quality of translation. It can be applied to the translation practice. The author divides the translation process into three steps: first, first translation through consulting the dictionary and Chinese materials; and then revising many times; In the specific translation methods and techniques, in the report, the author mainly deals with the three aspects of the translation of long sentences, the translation of the omission of the subject and the translation of terms. In the process of the translation of long sentences, the author strives to express the long sentence at the same time in pursuit of the correctness, tightness and normality of the translation. It is more clear and easy to understand and conforms to the Chinese language habits. For this purpose, the author mainly uses the translation methods and techniques such as "adjusting the word order", "dividing" and "adding connection elements". In the process of the translation of the omission sentence of the subject, in order to express the text clearly and ensure the tightness and readability of the translation, the author holds the basis of the original content and context context. In the translation process of the term, the author also referred to the translation principles of terms (such as correctness, normalization, simplicity and transparency), and the author also noted that a large number of terminology in the text had a conventional translation in China, and was mainly used to investigate the existing fixed translations. According to the above thought, the main body of the report is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly expounds the preparation before translation, including the analysis of the content and characteristics of the original text, the setting of translation goals, the selection of translation theory and so on. The second chapter is the text of Newmark's text respectively. Type theory, semantic translation and communicative translation and other translation theories and the translation process of the original text are analyzed and explained in detail. The third chapter mainly analyzes the specific translation methods and techniques. In the end of the report, the author sums up the gains and shortcomings in the translation practice. On the basis of translation theory, we also refer to the translation principles of the terminology, and use various translation methods and techniques flexibly to not only convey the meaning of the original text correctly, but also ensure the tightness, normalization and readability of the translation. Through this translation practice, we can deepen my understanding of translation and help to translate the translation into future translation. Practical activities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H36

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