本文關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)于「カラ」談話機能的考察　出處：《重慶大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 接續(xù)助詞 「カラ」 文末表現(xiàn) 談話機能 教科書

【摘要】：對于中國的日語學習者來說,看到日語句中的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」往往翻譯為“原因,理由”,但在日本的小說、漫畫和電視劇中卻會發(fā)現(xiàn)有時候是無法把句中的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」解讀為“原因,理由”的,甚至如何翻譯文中的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的情況也是非常多的。同時,因為日本人的說話習慣和“以心傳心”的特殊文化,日語母語者往往習慣以接續(xù)助詞結(jié)句,而不把話完全說完,這對于日語母語者而言是能夠掌握到對方所要表達的意思的,而對于非日語母語者而言,要準確地體會到對方的表達意圖則未必是件簡單的事情。作為日語文末表現(xiàn)中出現(xiàn)率高且重要的組成部分接續(xù)助詞「カラ」,豐富了日語表現(xiàn)力的同時也給日語學習者帶來了不少的困惑。日語學界關(guān)于接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的研究由來已久,已經(jīng)在日語語言史的研究、格助詞「カラ」的用法研究,「カラ」、「ノデ」的對比研究等方面取得了豐碩成果,然而從談話機能的角度出發(fā)對接續(xù)助詞「カラ」所做的探討卻還很不充分。隨著日本電視產(chǎn)業(yè)和漫畫產(chǎn)業(yè)的普及,日本人日常生活中出現(xiàn)頻率高的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的用法和談話機能越來越被關(guān)注。本文在參考先行文獻的基礎(chǔ)上,利用SAKURA EDITOR語料庫軟件為檢索工具,以日本本土電視劇臺詞中出現(xiàn)的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」為研究對象,從「カラ」在句末中的談話機能,句末「カラ」中說話者的說話意圖,聽話者對「カラ」文末表現(xiàn)的反應這三點出發(fā),全面分析接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的文末表現(xiàn),總結(jié)并得出以下結(jié)論：(1)日常生活中,接續(xù)助詞「カラ」不僅有表示“原因,理由”的意思,也有許多不表示原因和理由的情況,而且大多出現(xiàn)在談話語中。接續(xù)助詞「カラ」在談話語中被理解成“原因,理由”時,往往有“解釋行為,判斷說明”的談話機能；而不表示“原因,理由”時還存在新的談話機能,而這些是未被日語學習者注意到的。關(guān)于接續(xù)助詞「カラ」句末表現(xiàn)的談話機能總結(jié)如下：①解釋說明理由的機能②激勵對方的機能(心理上)③激勵對方的機能(行動上)④終止對方行為意識的機能⑤要求對方反饋信息的機能。(2)由上述觀點分析出文末的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」是包含說話者的主觀態(tài)度的,也就是說接續(xù)助詞「カラ」在文末中有傳達說話者意圖的同時并要求對方去做某些行為或者給出某些反應的,因此這其中也包含了說話者本身的情緒,在口語中經(jīng)常會加上語氣詞「ヨ」、「ネ」,所以本文接著對文末的接續(xù)助詞「カラ」中說話者的情緒進行了分析。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),說話者除了表達“強調(diào)判斷”和“期待對方反應”之外,在有「ネ」的附加時多是希望獲得對方的同意和對該事物反應的回饋；而在有「ヨ」的附加時則是說話者強烈的表達內(nèi)心的感覺。接續(xù)助詞「カラ」放在句末時,常常包含說話者的如下情緒以間接地表達說話者的說話意圖。①說話者的強調(diào)意圖②期待對方反應的意圖③希望得到對方贊成的意圖(加終助詞「 ネ」)④向?qū)Ψ酱_認的意圖(加終助詞「 ネ」)⑤說話者的強調(diào)意圖(加終助詞「ヨ」)⑥說話者積極訴說并希望對方了解的意圖(加終助詞「ヨ」)(3)針對說話者在句末利用「カラ」結(jié)句的不完整句子現(xiàn)象,聽話者的反應常表現(xiàn)如下：①對說話者的說明或判斷表示理解②對說話者的說明或判斷表示不贊成③終止話題④對說話者的說明或判斷表示同意并轉(zhuǎn)移話題。⑤對說話者的說明或判斷無法理解。最后筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),在中國人日語學習者用的日語教科書當中,針對接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的句末用法,其談話機能分析涉及的比較少且日語學習者對此掌握的并不好,因此筆者將以上分析運用到日語教學中,希望中國日語學習者能夠從日本人的生活會話中體會到日本人獨特的說話習慣并加以運用。在論文的最后,筆者基于本研究結(jié)果提出了對于接續(xù)助詞「カラ」的教育及習得的建議。
[Abstract]:Chinese for Japanese learners, see Japanese sentences in the form of "lumira" continuation auxiliary often translated as "reason, reason", but in Japan's novels, comics and TV play but sometimes cannot put the sentences in the form of lumira "instead of particles" interpreted as "the reason, reason, even how to translate the word" Dhaka lumira connection "situation is very much. At the same time, because of the special cultural habits Japanese and" koans ", Japanese native speakers are often used to place auxiliary node sentence, but not the words completely finished, it is able to master each other to express the meaning of the Japanese for native speakers, and for non Japanese speakers, to accurately feel each other's expression of intention is not a simple matter. As the Japanese at the end of this paper appeared in part of high performance and important connecting particles" Dhaka lumira ", enrich the Japanese expression at the same time also to the Japanese learners brought a lot of confusion. The study of Japanese scholars on the connection form of lumira" particles "long-standing, already in the Japanese language history research, on the use of Dhaka lumira" auxiliary "," Dhaka lumira "," no data "the comparative study has achieved fruitful results, but from the perspective of discourse function for" lumira "continuation auxiliary form but is not sufficient. With the popularity of Japanese TV industry and cartoon industry, Japanese daily life in the high frequency word" Dhaka lumira "will continue the peace talks and phone usage more attention. Based on the previous literature, the use of SAKURA EDITOR software for corpus retrieval tools in Japan TV lines appear in the form of" lumira "continuation auxiliary as the research object, from the form of" lumira "at the end of the sentence. The conversation function, at the end of the sentence "lumira" in the form of the speaker's intentions, obedient to the form of "lumira" at the end of the reaction of the three point of view, a comprehensive analysis of performance "lumira" continuation auxiliary form at the end of the paper, summarizes and draws the following conclusions: (1) the daily life, the form of lumira "auxiliary connection" not only means "reason, reason" means, there are many reasons why the situation is not expressed, but most of them appear in the discourse about. "Lumira" continuation auxiliary form is understood as "talking about words, reason, often have" explain behavior judgment that "conversation function; and not" reasons, has a new conversation function of reason ", which is not by Japanese learners notice. On the form of" lumira "continuation auxiliary performance on the phone at the end of the sentence can be summed up as follows: to explain the reasons of the incentive function each other's function (psychological) The incentive function of each other (action) and other functions of the termination behavior consciousness request feedback function. (2) from the view of text at the end of the "lumira" is the continuation auxiliary form contains the speaker's subjective attitude, that is to say "lumira" in the form of auxiliary connection at the end of this paper is to convey at the same time the speaker's intention and ask each other to do some action or give some response, so it also includes the speaker's own emotions in spoken language often with words "", "", so the author at the end of "lumira" in the form of continuation auxiliary speaker's emotions are analysis found that, in addition to the expression of the speaker "emphasize the judgment" and "expect a reaction", with "" additional more is to obtain the consent of the other party and respond to the things in the feedback; "" attached Overtime is the expression of inner feelings. The speaker strongly "lumira" continuation auxiliary form at the end of a sentence, the speaker often contain following feelings to indirectly express the speaker's intentions. The speaker's intention to emphasize response to each other's intention in the hope to get each other in favor of the intent (plus ending particles "" the confirmation of the intention) to the other ("plus final particle") the speaker's intention that (with final particle "") the positive intention and wish each other to tell the speaker know (and final particle "") (3) according to the speaker at the end of the sentence by the form of "lumira" knot sentence is not complete sentence phenomenon, the hearer reaction usually are as follows: the speaker instructions or judgment of the speaker's understanding or disapproval of the termination judgment topic. The speaker or judge agreed and change the subject. On the speaker's description or judgment to understand. Finally the author found that, in Chinese Japanese learners with Japanese textbooks, for use at the end of the sentence "lumira" continuation auxiliary form, the phone can talk about the analysis of the relatively few Japanese learners to master is not good, so I will use the above analysis to in Japanese teaching, I hope China Japanese learners can Japanese from life experience to Japanese unique conversational speech habits and to use. At the end of the thesis, the author based on the results of this study are put forward for the education and learning "lumira" continuation auxiliary form of advice.

【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H36

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本文編號：1410480