金屬薄膜試片在博物館藏展材料評(píng)估中的研究與應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-06 21:41
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,大氣污染日益嚴(yán)重。處在大環(huán)境污染中的博物館,其室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量不容樂(lè)觀�？諝赓|(zhì)量的惡化不僅使文物受損日益嚴(yán)重,而且也使人們對(duì)博物館藏品在陳列過(guò)程中的保護(hù)問(wèn)題越來(lái)越關(guān)注。由于受到治理技術(shù)、監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)條件等方面的制約,博物館室內(nèi)污染氣體如NOx、SO2、O3等以及總懸浮顆粒物(TSP)的污染仍較為嚴(yán)重。另外,隨著現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)的發(fā)展,可供博物館選擇制作陳列裝飾櫥柜的材料如木材、塑料、紡織品、涂料、粘合劑、高分子材料、復(fù)合材料等種類(lèi)越來(lái)越多,這些陳列裝飾用材料可緩慢降解釋放出各種揮發(fā)性成分。而在封閉的陳列柜或儲(chǔ)藏室中,這些化合物的濃度會(huì)不斷增加并將會(huì)加速文物如各種金屬文物的腐蝕。為了從源頭上控制這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn),用于博物館內(nèi)藏展材料的篩選評(píng)估是十分必要的。 Oddy測(cè)試法是一種金屬加速腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn),廣泛應(yīng)用于博物館藏展材料的適用性評(píng)估。然而,其試驗(yàn)周期較長(zhǎng)、依靠主觀判斷甄別結(jié)果。本論文將金屬納米真空鍍膜技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)字圖像采集及處理技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代表征技術(shù)相結(jié)合,最終建立起一種快速、準(zhǔn)確、客觀的博物館藏展材料篩選評(píng)估方法及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 本研究主要結(jié)論如下： (1)現(xiàn)代真空蒸鍍鍍膜技術(shù)制備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Ag、Cu薄膜材料試片,試片表面金屬離子大小在20-30 nm之間,薄膜厚度約為200 nm。利用Ag、Cu薄膜試片表面活性較高、腐蝕現(xiàn)象明顯等特性,替代傳統(tǒng)塊狀金屬Ag、Cu試片,改進(jìn)Oddy測(cè)試法,將污染物對(duì)文物的綜合影響評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)間大為縮短,從過(guò)去的28 d縮短至14d。 (2)研制開(kāi)發(fā)針對(duì)金屬薄膜試片圖像的腐蝕程度判斷的分析軟件和腐蝕試片計(jì)算機(jī)分級(jí)評(píng)判系統(tǒng),利用K均值聚類(lèi)的圖像分割算法和傳統(tǒng)Oddy測(cè)試法結(jié)果制定出藏展材料的分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),實(shí)現(xiàn)腐蝕結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)化,以達(dá)到對(duì)藏展材料的快速、客觀的評(píng)估,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)化操作、縮短測(cè)試時(shí)間和提高準(zhǔn)確度的目的。完成了對(duì)常用藏展材料復(fù)合板、天然木材、織物、包裝材料、塑料、膠、油漆七大類(lèi)16小類(lèi),共計(jì)100多種材料的檢測(cè)和篩選。上述所提到的材料已通過(guò)金屬薄膜測(cè)試方法的評(píng)估,并且與平行測(cè)試結(jié)果的吻合度高達(dá)90%以上,所得到的結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)Oddy測(cè)試結(jié)果吻合度達(dá)到70%以上 (3)利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、傅立葉紅外光譜儀一懷特池(FTIR-WhiteCell)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)、固相微萃取(SPME)和氣質(zhì)聯(lián)用儀(GC/MS)等儀器,用于表征Cu、Ag薄膜試片和藏展材料在揮發(fā)和降解過(guò)程中所釋放的污染物成分,佐證其藏展材料中揮發(fā)和降解的物質(zhì)對(duì)Ag、Cu和Pb金屬文物的腐蝕機(jī)理,從污染物腐蝕Ag、Cu薄膜試片的機(jī)理上進(jìn)行了深入探討。綜合其上三個(gè)改進(jìn)點(diǎn),在Oddy測(cè)試法的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了一套完整的用于博物館內(nèi)藏展材料篩選評(píng)估的金屬薄膜測(cè)試法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in China, air pollution is becoming more and more serious. The indoor air quality of the museum, which is in great environmental pollution, is not optimistic. The deterioration of air quality not only causes more and more damage to cultural relics, but also makes people pay more and more attention to the protection of museum collections. Due to the restriction of control technology, monitoring technology and economic conditions, indoor pollution gases such as no _ XO _ 2O _ 3 and total suspended particulate matter (TSP) in museums are still seriously polluted. In addition, with the development of modern industry, more and more kinds of materials such as wood, plastics, textiles, paints, adhesives, polymer materials, composite materials and so on can be selected for museums to make decorative cabinets. These display and decoration materials can slowly degrade and release volatile compounds. In closed display cabinets or storage rooms, the concentration of these compounds increases and accelerates the corrosion of artifacts such as metal artifacts. In order to control this risk from the source, it is necessary to apply it to the screening and evaluation of the exhibition materials in museums. Oddy method is a metal accelerated corrosion test, which is widely used to evaluate the applicability of museum exhibition materials. However, the test period is longer and the results are determined by subjective judgment. In this paper, a fast, accurate and objective method and standard for screening and evaluation of museum exhibition materials is established by combining metal nano-vacuum coating technology, computer digital image acquisition and processing technology and modern characterization technology. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the modern vacuum evaporation plating technique has been used to prepare the standard Ag-Cu thin film films. The metal ions on the surface of the films are between 20-30 nm and the thickness of the films is about 200 nm. Taking advantage of the characteristics of high surface activity and obvious corrosion phenomenon of Ag-Cu thin film, this paper replaces the traditional bulk metal Ag-Cu test sheet, and improves the Oddy test method, which shortens the comprehensive evaluation time of the influence of pollutants on cultural relics. From the past 28 days to 14 days. (2) to develop an analytical software for judging the corrosion degree of the image of metal film test piece and a computer grading judgment system for corrosion test piece. By using the image segmentation algorithm based on K-means clustering and the results of traditional Oddy test method, the classification standard of the development materials is worked out, and the corrosion results are digitized, so that the rapid and objective evaluation of the exhibition materials can be achieved, and the simplified operation can be realized. The purpose of shortening test time and improving accuracy. A total of more than 100 kinds of materials were tested and screened, including composite board, natural wood, fabric, packaging material, plastic, glue and paint. The materials mentioned above have been evaluated by the metal film test method and are in good agreement with the results of the parallel test up to 90%, The agreement between the obtained results and the traditional Oddy results is over 70% (3) the solid phase microextraction (SPME) and temperament of (SPME) with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),) in the white cell (FTIR-WhiteCell) are obtained by (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (SEM),) with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),). GC/MS and other instruments, It can be used to characterize the contaminants released in the volatilization and degradation of Cu / Ag films and storage materials, and to prove the corrosion mechanism of the volatilized and degraded materials to the Ag / Cu and Pb metal relics. In this paper, the mechanism of contaminant corrosion of Agnu Cu thin film is discussed. On the basis of the Oddy test method, a complete set of metal film testing method for screening and evaluation of the exhibition materials in the museum is proposed based on the above three improvements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG174.3;G265
本文編號(hào)：2169073
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in China, air pollution is becoming more and more serious. The indoor air quality of the museum, which is in great environmental pollution, is not optimistic. The deterioration of air quality not only causes more and more damage to cultural relics, but also makes people pay more and more attention to the protection of museum collections. Due to the restriction of control technology, monitoring technology and economic conditions, indoor pollution gases such as no _ XO _ 2O _ 3 and total suspended particulate matter (TSP) in museums are still seriously polluted. In addition, with the development of modern industry, more and more kinds of materials such as wood, plastics, textiles, paints, adhesives, polymer materials, composite materials and so on can be selected for museums to make decorative cabinets. These display and decoration materials can slowly degrade and release volatile compounds. In closed display cabinets or storage rooms, the concentration of these compounds increases and accelerates the corrosion of artifacts such as metal artifacts. In order to control this risk from the source, it is necessary to apply it to the screening and evaluation of the exhibition materials in museums. Oddy method is a metal accelerated corrosion test, which is widely used to evaluate the applicability of museum exhibition materials. However, the test period is longer and the results are determined by subjective judgment. In this paper, a fast, accurate and objective method and standard for screening and evaluation of museum exhibition materials is established by combining metal nano-vacuum coating technology, computer digital image acquisition and processing technology and modern characterization technology. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the modern vacuum evaporation plating technique has been used to prepare the standard Ag-Cu thin film films. The metal ions on the surface of the films are between 20-30 nm and the thickness of the films is about 200 nm. Taking advantage of the characteristics of high surface activity and obvious corrosion phenomenon of Ag-Cu thin film, this paper replaces the traditional bulk metal Ag-Cu test sheet, and improves the Oddy test method, which shortens the comprehensive evaluation time of the influence of pollutants on cultural relics. From the past 28 days to 14 days. (2) to develop an analytical software for judging the corrosion degree of the image of metal film test piece and a computer grading judgment system for corrosion test piece. By using the image segmentation algorithm based on K-means clustering and the results of traditional Oddy test method, the classification standard of the development materials is worked out, and the corrosion results are digitized, so that the rapid and objective evaluation of the exhibition materials can be achieved, and the simplified operation can be realized. The purpose of shortening test time and improving accuracy. A total of more than 100 kinds of materials were tested and screened, including composite board, natural wood, fabric, packaging material, plastic, glue and paint. The materials mentioned above have been evaluated by the metal film test method and are in good agreement with the results of the parallel test up to 90%, The agreement between the obtained results and the traditional Oddy results is over 70% (3) the solid phase microextraction (SPME) and temperament of (SPME) with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),) in the white cell (FTIR-WhiteCell) are obtained by (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (SEM),) with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),). GC/MS and other instruments, It can be used to characterize the contaminants released in the volatilization and degradation of Cu / Ag films and storage materials, and to prove the corrosion mechanism of the volatilized and degraded materials to the Ag / Cu and Pb metal relics. In this paper, the mechanism of contaminant corrosion of Agnu Cu thin film is discussed. On the basis of the Oddy test method, a complete set of metal film testing method for screening and evaluation of the exhibition materials in the museum is proposed based on the above three improvements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG174.3;G265
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，本文編號(hào)：2169073
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