【摘要】：玉米株高屬于株型育種目標性狀之一,不僅與玉米籽粒的機械化收獲及抗倒伏相關(guān),也與玉米產(chǎn)量密切相關(guān),是玉米遺傳育種研究的重要目標性狀之一。在課題組前期工作中,利用高代回交重組自交系W1和W2構(gòu)建的F2和F2:3群體在第三染色體上定位到兩個主效QTL位點q PH3.2(C42-P17)和qPH3.3(C79-C103);在此基礎(chǔ)上,本試驗目標是利用剩余雜合群體對上述兩個主效QTL進行重定位,鑒定其真實可靠性,進而利用目標區(qū)段的子代純系和跨疊系精細定位qPH3.2和qPH3.3并對其進行遺傳解析。本試驗獲得的主要結(jié)果如下:1、利用剩余雜合群體對qPH3.2進行重定位。將含有目標區(qū)段的2個剩余雜合單株自交構(gòu)建分離群體,采用復合區(qū)間作圖法和單標記分析法將qPH3.2剖分為2個主效QTL,分別命名為qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2。QTL重定位區(qū)間與初定位區(qū)間相一致,證實了QTL定位結(jié)果的準確性和真實性。2、qPH3.2.1的精細定位。將qPH3.2.1目標區(qū)段內(nèi)的跨疊系純系(1765株)在黃岡、山東進行一年兩點試驗,每點3次重復隨機區(qū)組設(shè)計播種,將qPH3.2.1定位在標記Y72-Y91之間。隨后利用Y72-Y91目標區(qū)段內(nèi)篩選到的5種重組類型,交換單株自交構(gòu)建的F2群體進行子代測驗將q PH3.2.1定位在標YH305-Y72之間約7.6Mb范圍內(nèi)。3、qPH3.2.2的精細定位。將qPH3.2.2目標區(qū)段內(nèi)的跨疊系純系(2125株)在黃岡、山東進行一年兩點試驗,每點3次重復隨機區(qū)組設(shè)計播種,將qPH3.2.2定位在標記P17-Y150之間。進而利用P17-Y150目標區(qū)段內(nèi)篩選到的4種重組類型,不同類型的交換單株自交構(gòu)建F2群體進行子代測驗qPH3.2.2進一步精細定位,最終將qPH3.2.2定位在標記YH112-Y150之間約8Mb范圍。4、利用剩余雜合群體對qPH3.3進行重定位。將含有目標區(qū)段的3個剩余雜合單株自交構(gòu)建分離群體,采用復合區(qū)間作圖法和單標記分析法對qPH3.3重定位,驗證了初定位結(jié)果的準確性和真實性。5、qPH3.3的精細定位。根據(jù)重定位的結(jié)果,在目標區(qū)間篩選到11種重組類型。利用不同重組類型的交換單株自交構(gòu)建的F2群體將qPH3.3定位在標記C79-C90之間約11Mb范圍。
[Abstract]:The plant height of maize is one of the target traits of plant type breeding, which is not only related to the mechanization harvest and lodging resistance of maize seeds, but also closely related to the yield of maize. It is one of the important target traits in the research of maize genetics and breeding. In the previous work of our research group, two major QTL loci Q PH3.2 (C42-P17) and qPH3.3 (C79-C103) were located on the third chromosome in F2 and F2 population constructed by high-generation backcross recombination inbred lines W1 and W2. The two major loci, Q PH3.2 (C42-P17) and qPH3.3 (C79-C103), were located on the third chromosome. On this basis, the objective of this experiment is to relocate the two main effects of QTL using the residual heterozygous population, and to identify its true reliability. Furthermore, qPH3.2 and qPH3.3 were precisely mapped and analyzed by using the progeny lines and cross-overlapping lines of the target region. The main results obtained in this study are as follows: 1. The residual heterozygous population was used to relocate qPH3.2. Two residual heterozygous individual plants with target segment were used to construct the segregation population. The qPH3.2 was divided into two main effect QTL, by the method of compound interval mapping and single marker analysis. They are named as qPH3.2.1 and qPH3.2.2.QTL respectively, which are consistent with the initial location interval. The accuracy and authenticity of the QTL localization results are confirmed. 2, and the fine positioning of qPH 3.2.1 is confirmed. The crossing line pure lines (1765 strains) in the target region of qPH3.2.1 were tested at two points a year in Huanggang and Shandong Province. The random block design was designed and seeded three times per point, and the qPH3.2.1 was located between the marker Y72-Y91. Then, using the five recombination types screened in the target region of Y72-Y91, the F2 population constructed by single self-crossing was exchanged for progeny test to locate the Q-PH3.2.1 within the range of approximately 7.6Mb between the labeled YH305-Y72. 3. Fine positioning of qPH3.2.2. The crossing line pure lines (2125 strains) in the target region of qPH3.2.2 were tested at two points a year in Huanggang and Shandong Province. The random block design was designed and seeded three times per point, and the qPH3.2.2 was located between the marker P17-Y150. Then, using the four recombination types screened in the target region of P17-Y150, the F2 population was constructed by using different types of exchange single-plant self-crossing to carry out further fine mapping of qPH3.2.2 in progeny test. Finally, the qPH3.2.2 was located within the 8Mb range of the marker YH112-Y150. 4. The residual heterozygous population was used to relocate the qPH3.3. The segregation population was constructed by self-crossing of three residual heterozygotes containing the target region, and the qPH3.3 was repositioned by the method of compound interval mapping and single marker analysis. The accuracy and authenticity of the initial localization results were verified. 5, qPH 3.3 fine localization was carried out. According to the results of repositioning, 11 recombination types were screened in the target interval. The F2 population with different recombination types was used to map the qPH3.3 to the 11Mb range between the marker C79-C90.
【學位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513

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