生防酵母(Candida diversa)形態(tài)變化及金屬離子提高其發(fā)酵生物量和生防效力的研究
[Abstract]:Fresh fruit is an essential source of nutrition and plays an important role in the national economy. However, due to the infection of fruit by pathogenic bacteria, the rot caused huge economic losses. At present, the main control measures of fruit postharvest diseases are still the use of chemical pesticides, but the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on human health, ecological environment and food safety are getting more and more attention. In recent years, the use of bioantagonistic bacteria to control postharvest diseases of fruits is one of the safe and effective measures to replace chemical pesticides. In this study, yeast antagonistic bacteria (Candida diversa) were studied. The morphological changes of yeast antagonists (from yeast single cell morphology to biofilm morphology) are a new mode of biological control system based on yeast. The conditions for morphological changes of yeast antagonistic bacteria, the effects of single cell morphology and biofilm morphology of yeast C.diversa on thermal and oxidative stress, and on the control effect of apple and kiwifruit grey mold were explored. At the same time, in order to obtain large biomass of antagonistic yeast used in agricultural production, this subject also optimized the fermentation medium of antagonistic yeast. The effects of three key metal ions (Mg2, Fe2, Zn2) on the biomass and survival rate of antagonistic yeast were investigated by response surface design. The effects of different concentrations of metal ions on the survival rate and physiological and biochemical characteristics of antagonistic yeast in fermentation were compared. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the condition of morphological change of yeast antagonistic bacteria: when the antagonistic yeast C.diversa was transferred from YPD medium containing 2% Agar to YPD medium with 0.3% Agar content, (2) compared with the single cell form of yeast, the C.diversa of biofilm form is resistant to heat stress and oxidative stress, and to apple. The control effect of Actinidia cinerea was significantly enhanced. (3) Optimization of fermentation medium for antagonistic yeast: through single factor test and response surface test, the content of metal ions in the fermentation medium of antagonistic yeast was optimized. The optimum conditions for the content of key ions in culture medium are as follows: Mg2 is 1511.13 mg/L,Fe2, concentration is 2.16 mg/L,Zn2, concentration is 26.77 mg/L,. The effective biomass was 5.28 g. (4) the experimental results showed that the concentration of metal ions in the initial culture medium had a very important effect on the survival rate, biomass accumulation, physiological and biochemical characteristics of C.diversa. Compared with MM (minimum mineral medium) and Lack (Mg2, Fe2 and Zn2) groups, Best (response surface optimization of Mg2, Fe2 and Zn2 ion concentrations had higher biomass, survival rate and biocontrol efficacy. At the same time, its antioxidant enzyme activity is higher and the degree of protein damage and lipid oxidation is lower. The optimized medium can significantly improve the stress resistance and biocontrol effect of C.diversa. The results showed that when the Agar content of YPD medium changed from 2% to 0.3%, the yeast form of antagonistic yeast C.diversa could be transformed into biofilm form. The tolerance of biofilm form C.diversa to stress and the control effect to apple grey mold were significantly enhanced. Mg2, Fe2 and Zn2 had positive effects on antagonizing the accumulation of fermentation biomass of yeast. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were increased, and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonylated protein were decreased. This study provides new research results on the effects of antagonistic morphological changes of yeast on abiotic stress, biological control and the accumulation of metal ions on fermentation biomass, which is very necessary to improve the application value of antagonistic bacteria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:S476.1
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