內(nèi)蒙古草原牧區(qū)家庭牧場(chǎng)草畜合理配置研究
[Abstract]:The grassland pastoral area of Inner Mongolia has a vast grassland ecosystem, which is not only an important animal husbandry production base in China, but also an important ecological barrier in the north of China. Extensive grassland management and the fluctuation of animal husbandry market lead to the slow development of animal husbandry in grassland and pastoral areas and the increasingly prominent ecological environmental problems. It is an important development problem to solve the balance of grass and livestock and the scale of raising livestock. In this paper, the main animal husbandry production patterns in three areas of Inner Mongolia grassland pastoral area were investigated and monitored with semi-structured questionnaire, taking the family pastures of Ewenki Banner, Zarutte Banner and Siziwang Banner as the research objects. Model simulation and other methods were used to simulate and analyze the current situation of animal husbandry production in various places. The way of establishing artificial grassland by model simulation was used to solve the imbalance of grass and livestock in various areas. At the same time, This paper analyzes the production scale and economic income of family pasture in each region, and finds out the best production scale of family pasture management in each region. The main results are as follows: (1) there are differences in the way of household pasture management and grassland utilization in different regions of Inner Mongolia, but the simulation results show that the energy of grass livestock is unbalanced in the year. The energy of forage in summer is sufficient, and the energy of forage in winter is insufficient. (2) the model simulation results show that the problem of grass and livestock imbalance in family pasture can be solved by establishing artificial grassland. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the cost of pasture production. (3) under the current situation of production resources in various places, the family pasture in Ewenki Banner can improve the economic benefit of pasture by adjusting the way of grassland utilization and raising the level of supplementary feeding. The best stocking rate was 3.22 sheep unit / ha, but the area of artificial grassland needed to be increased to 8.18 ha. The best stocking rate of family pasture in Siziwang Banner area was 0. 97 sheep units / ha, herdsmen could increase the area of artificial grassland, reduce forage input, improve management level and individual production performance of livestock. To develop moderate family ranching scale and obtain greater economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:S812
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