【摘要】：松脂是松屬(Pinus)樹(shù)種主要的次生代謝產(chǎn)物,同時(shí)也是一種重要的林產(chǎn)化工原料,具有很高的生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。云南松(Pinus yunnanensis Franch.)是我國(guó)西南地區(qū)主要采脂樹(shù)種,具有很高的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本研究通過(guò)分析云南松產(chǎn)脂量與解剖學(xué)及生理生化特征之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系,比較高、低產(chǎn)脂量云南松解剖學(xué)及生理生化特征的差異。旨在了解和探索高產(chǎn)脂云南松植株解剖特征與生理生化特性,以及影響產(chǎn)脂量的因素,為選育云南松高產(chǎn)脂優(yōu)樹(shù)和建立高產(chǎn)脂林定向培育技術(shù)體系提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)論如下:1.高產(chǎn)脂云南松針葉樹(shù)脂道個(gè)數(shù)、針葉分泌細(xì)胞個(gè)數(shù)、樹(shù)干韌皮部樹(shù)脂道個(gè)數(shù),木質(zhì)部樹(shù)脂道個(gè)數(shù)和木質(zhì)部分泌細(xì)胞個(gè)數(shù)極顯著高于低產(chǎn)脂云南松。而且,隨著這些樹(shù)脂道和分泌細(xì)胞個(gè)數(shù)的增加,云南松的產(chǎn)脂量也不斷增加(P0.01)。2.高產(chǎn)脂云南松針葉可溶性糖、氮、磷、葉綠素a、葉綠素b以及葉綠素a+b的含量極顯著高于低產(chǎn)脂云南松。而且,隨著它們?cè)卺樔~中含量的增加,云南松的產(chǎn)脂量也不斷增加(P0.01)。3.高產(chǎn)脂云南松土壤速效氮、銅的含量以及蛋白酶、過(guò)氧化氫酶、脲酶的活性極顯著高于低產(chǎn)脂云南松(P0.01),速效磷、鐵、錳、鋅的含量顯著高于低產(chǎn)脂云南松(P0.05)。而且,隨著它們?cè)谕寥乐泻颗c活性的增加,云南松的產(chǎn)脂量也不斷增加。4.經(jīng)主成分分析,提取了3個(gè)主成分。這3個(gè)主成分中木質(zhì)部樹(shù)脂道個(gè)數(shù)、針葉中氮的含量和土壤中速效氮的含量所占載荷最大,即木質(zhì)部樹(shù)脂道個(gè)數(shù)、針葉中氮的含量和土壤中速效氮的含量與云南松產(chǎn)脂量最相關(guān)。因此,這3個(gè)成分的含量可作為選取高產(chǎn)脂云南松的指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Turpentine is the main secondary metabolite of (Pinus) species, and it is also an important chemical raw material of forest products, which has high ecological and economic value. (Pinus yunnanensis Franch.) of Pinus yunnanensis Is the main liposuction tree species in Southwest China, with high research value. Based on the analysis of the correlation between fat production and anatomical, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Pinus yunnanensis, the differences of anatomical, physiological and biochemical characteristics of P. yunnanensis with high and low fat yield were compared. The purpose of this study was to understand and explore the anatomical characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics of high-yielding Pinus yunnanensis plants, and the factors affecting the yield of lipid, and to provide theoretical basis for breeding high-yielding and high-fat trees and for establishing directional cultivation technology system of high-yielding lipid forests. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The number of resin canals, acicular secretory cells, phloem resin channels, xylem resin channels and xylem secretory cells of high fat pine needles were significantly higher than those of low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis. Moreover, with the increase of the number of resin channels and secretory cells, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis increased (P0.01). The contents of soluble sugar, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a b in the leaves of high fat pine needles were significantly higher than those in low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis. Moreover, with the increase of their content in needles, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis increased (P0.01). The contents of available nitrogen, copper and the activities of protease, catalase and urease in the soil of high fat Pinus yunnanensis were significantly higher than those of the low fat pine (P0.01), the available phosphorus, iron, manganese, etc. Zinc content was significantly higher than that of low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis (P0.05). Moreover, with the increase of their content and activity in the soil, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis is also increasing. 4. 4. Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis. Among the three principal components, the number of resin channels in xylem, the content of nitrogen in needles and the content of available nitrogen in soil occupied the largest load, that is, the number of resin channels in xylem. The content of nitrogen in needles and available nitrogen in soil were most correlated with the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis. Therefore, the contents of these three components can be used as an index to select high-yield fat of Pinus yunnanensis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S791.257

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