叢枝菌根真菌對不同性別競爭模式下雌雄青楊的影響差異
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 16:17
【摘要】：AMF可與陸地上約80%的植物根系形成叢枝菌根共生體,并影響宿主植物的生長發(fā)育,而這種影響可能改變植物種間種內(nèi)競爭差異,甚至影響雌雄異株植物性別間的競爭差異。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以不同性別競爭模式下的青楊(Populus cathayana)雌雄植株為研究對象,通過接種AMF,以研究AMF對雌雄植株的形態(tài)生長、生物量積累、氣體交換特征、根系生理以及根莖葉元素含量的不同影響,旨在揭示AMF對青楊雌雄植株競爭關(guān)系的影響,為雌雄異株植物性別內(nèi)和性別間競爭的內(nèi)在機(jī)制提供一定的參考。主要結(jié)果如下:1.AMF對青楊雌雄植株形態(tài)生長、生物量積累的影響AMF的存在顯著增加了雌雄植株的形態(tài)生長和生物量積累,并加大了同性競爭組雌雄植株之間的差異,而對異性競爭組雌雄之間的差異影響不顯著。導(dǎo)致接種AMF后同性競爭組雌株部分形態(tài)和生物量顯著高于雄株,而在對照組中兩者無顯著差異。異性競爭中,對照組與真菌處理組雌株的部分形態(tài)和生物量均高于雄株。另外,在對照組中,與同性競爭相比,異性競爭顯著增加了雌雄植株的形態(tài)生長和生物量積累。并且,AMF顯著降低了青楊雌雄植株(尤其是雌株)的根冠比和根莖比,加大了其地上部分的生物量比重。2.AMF對青楊雌雄植株氣體交換特征和水分利用效率的影響接種AMF后,同性競爭中雌株的葉綠素a含量顯著高于雄株,但在葉綠素b和總?cè)~綠素含量方面差異不顯著。并且,接種AMF有增大雌株Fv/Fm的趨勢。另外,實(shí)驗(yàn)后期由于基質(zhì)中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的限制,一開始生長快速的真菌處理組的植物生長速率減緩,因此其光合速率等氣體交換參數(shù)顯著低于對照組,并且總體而言,雄株的光合速率相對高于雌株。但在水分利用效率方面,對照組與處理組中依然是雌株占據(jù)主要優(yōu)勢,并且,接種AMF顯著提高了青楊雌雄植株的δ13C,但對雌雄性別內(nèi)和性別間競爭差異無顯著影響。3.AMF對青楊雌雄植株根系生理的影響對照組中硝酸還原酶活性在性別間以及不同競爭模式間均無顯著差異,而在菌根處理組中,兩種競爭模式下均為雄株大于雌株,并且相對于性別內(nèi)競爭,性別間競爭增加了雌雄植株的硝酸還原酶活性。而性別競爭模式與接種AMF對雌雄植株根系活力均無顯著影響。另外,接種AMF后雄株侵染率均高于雌株,而性別內(nèi)競爭組雌雄侵染率分別高于性別間競爭組雌雄植株。4.AMF對青楊雌雄植株元素含量的影響接種AMF增加了葉片碳元素含量,而對根莖碳元素含量無顯著影響。并且,在根碳含量方面,對照組中性別內(nèi)競爭組雌株大于雄株,而其性別間競爭組雌株顯著低于雄株。同樣的變化也存在于菌根處理組的雌雄植株根碳含量方面。另外,接種AMF顯著降低了雌雄植株的根莖氮含量,以及性別內(nèi)競爭組雌雄植株的葉氮含量。并且,在對照組性別間競爭中,均是雄株根莖氮含量高于雌株,而在性別內(nèi)競爭組中,雄株葉氮含量顯著高于雌株。這些結(jié)果表明,AMF對青楊雌雄植株的生長總體表現(xiàn)為促進(jìn)作用,并且加大了性別內(nèi)競爭中雌雄植株之間的差異,而對性別間競爭影響不顯著。此外,與性別內(nèi)競爭相比,對照組中的性別間競爭總體上促進(jìn)了雌雄植株的生長,并使雌株獲得更有利的競爭優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:AMF can form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiont with about 80% of plant root system on land, and influence the growth and development of host plants. The effects of AMF on morphological growth, biomass accumulation, gas exchange characteristics, root physiology and the content of roots and leaves of male and female plants were studied. The aim of this paper is to reveal the influence of AMF on the competitive relationship between male and female plants, and to provide some references for the intrinsic mechanism of intersex and inter-sex competition among different plants. The main results are as follows: 1. AMF significantly increases the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of male and female plants, and increases the difference between male and female plants in same-sex competition group. However, the difference between male and female was not significant. The morphological and biomass of female strains of same-sex competition group were significantly higher than that of male strain after inoculation with AMF, but there was no significant difference in the control group. In the opposite sex competition, the part morphology and biomass of the female strains of the control group and the fungus treatment group were higher than that of the male strains. In addition, in the control group, the opposite sex competition significantly increased the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of male and female plants as compared with same-sex competition. Moreover, AMF significantly reduced the root and root ratios of male and female plants (especially female strains), and increased the biomass specific gravity of the aerial parts. After the AMF was inoculated with AMF on the characteristics of gas exchange and water use efficiency of the male and female plants of Populus euphratica, The chlorophyll a content of female plants in same-sex competition was significantly higher than that of male plants, but there was no significant difference between chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content. Moreover, the inoculation of AMF had a tendency to increase Fv/ Fm of female plants. In addition, due to the limitation of nutrient in the matrix, the plant growth rate of a rapidly growing fungus treatment group was slowed down at the beginning of the experiment, so the gas exchange parameters, such as the photosynthetic rate, were significantly lower than that of the control group, and in general, the photosynthetic rate of the male plants was higher than that of the female strains. However, in terms of water use efficiency, the control group and the treatment group still dominate the female plant, and the inoculation of AMF significantly increased the number of male and female plants in the male and female plants. However, there was no significant effect on the difference between sex and sex of male and female. In both competitive models, male plants were larger than female strains, and competition in sex and sex competition increased the nitrate reductase activity of male and female plants. However, the model of gender competition and the inoculation of AMF had no significant effect on the root activity of male and female plants. In addition, the infection rate of male plants inoculated with AMF was higher than that of female strains, while the rate of male and female infection in the gender-based competition group was higher than that of the male and female plants in the intersex competition group. The effect of AMF on the content of the elements in the male and female plants of the young poplar increased the content of the carbon elements of the leaves, but no significant influence on the content of the roots and carbon elements. Moreover, in the control group, the female strain was higher than male strain in the control group and the female strain was significantly lower than male strain in the control group. The same changes also exist in the root carbon content of male and female plants in mycorrhizal treatment groups. In addition, the inoculation of AMF significantly reduced the root nitrogen content of male and female plants, as well as the leaf nitrogen content of male and female plants in the gender-based competition group. Moreover, in the control group, the nitrogen content of the male plant was higher than that of the female, while in the sex competition group, the nitrogen content of the male plant was significantly higher than that of the female. These results showed that AMF promoted the overall growth of male and female plants, and increased the difference between male and female plants in gender-based competition, while the effect on gender-to-sex competition was not significant. In addition, the inter-sex competition in the control group, in general, promoted the growth of male and female plants as compared with gender-based competition, and gave the female strain a more favorable competitive advantage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.113
本文編號：2277228
[Abstract]:AMF can form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiont with about 80% of plant root system on land, and influence the growth and development of host plants. The effects of AMF on morphological growth, biomass accumulation, gas exchange characteristics, root physiology and the content of roots and leaves of male and female plants were studied. The aim of this paper is to reveal the influence of AMF on the competitive relationship between male and female plants, and to provide some references for the intrinsic mechanism of intersex and inter-sex competition among different plants. The main results are as follows: 1. AMF significantly increases the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of male and female plants, and increases the difference between male and female plants in same-sex competition group. However, the difference between male and female was not significant. The morphological and biomass of female strains of same-sex competition group were significantly higher than that of male strain after inoculation with AMF, but there was no significant difference in the control group. In the opposite sex competition, the part morphology and biomass of the female strains of the control group and the fungus treatment group were higher than that of the male strains. In addition, in the control group, the opposite sex competition significantly increased the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of male and female plants as compared with same-sex competition. Moreover, AMF significantly reduced the root and root ratios of male and female plants (especially female strains), and increased the biomass specific gravity of the aerial parts. After the AMF was inoculated with AMF on the characteristics of gas exchange and water use efficiency of the male and female plants of Populus euphratica, The chlorophyll a content of female plants in same-sex competition was significantly higher than that of male plants, but there was no significant difference between chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content. Moreover, the inoculation of AMF had a tendency to increase Fv/ Fm of female plants. In addition, due to the limitation of nutrient in the matrix, the plant growth rate of a rapidly growing fungus treatment group was slowed down at the beginning of the experiment, so the gas exchange parameters, such as the photosynthetic rate, were significantly lower than that of the control group, and in general, the photosynthetic rate of the male plants was higher than that of the female strains. However, in terms of water use efficiency, the control group and the treatment group still dominate the female plant, and the inoculation of AMF significantly increased the number of male and female plants in the male and female plants. However, there was no significant effect on the difference between sex and sex of male and female. In both competitive models, male plants were larger than female strains, and competition in sex and sex competition increased the nitrate reductase activity of male and female plants. However, the model of gender competition and the inoculation of AMF had no significant effect on the root activity of male and female plants. In addition, the infection rate of male plants inoculated with AMF was higher than that of female strains, while the rate of male and female infection in the gender-based competition group was higher than that of the male and female plants in the intersex competition group. The effect of AMF on the content of the elements in the male and female plants of the young poplar increased the content of the carbon elements of the leaves, but no significant influence on the content of the roots and carbon elements. Moreover, in the control group, the female strain was higher than male strain in the control group and the female strain was significantly lower than male strain in the control group. The same changes also exist in the root carbon content of male and female plants in mycorrhizal treatment groups. In addition, the inoculation of AMF significantly reduced the root nitrogen content of male and female plants, as well as the leaf nitrogen content of male and female plants in the gender-based competition group. Moreover, in the control group, the nitrogen content of the male plant was higher than that of the female, while in the sex competition group, the nitrogen content of the male plant was significantly higher than that of the female. These results showed that AMF promoted the overall growth of male and female plants, and increased the difference between male and female plants in gender-based competition, while the effect on gender-to-sex competition was not significant. In addition, the inter-sex competition in the control group, in general, promoted the growth of male and female plants as compared with gender-based competition, and gave the female strain a more favorable competitive advantage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.113
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