【摘要】：實(shí)驗(yàn)于2015年在沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院盆栽基地進(jìn)行。實(shí)驗(yàn)選取沈農(nóng)265、沈農(nóng)9816、遼星1號(hào)和LG0915為參試品種,分別在分蘗期和抽穗期對(duì)水稻進(jìn)行50%遮光15天,探討水稻葉片的氣體交換參數(shù)、熒光參數(shù)、產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的變化規(guī)律及響應(yīng)機(jī)理。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.不同時(shí)期遮光處理使參試水稻葉片葉綠素含量顯著增加,凈光合速率(Pn)和水分利用效率(WUE)顯著或極顯著降低。分蘗期遮光的水稻葉片氣孔導(dǎo)度(Gs)顯著增加,蒸騰速率(E)顯著降低,胞間二氧化碳濃度(Ci)顯著增加,是非氣孔因素導(dǎo)致Pn降低。抽穗期遮光的水稻葉片Gs顯著降低,沈農(nóng)265和遼星1號(hào)葉片的Ci增加,沈農(nóng)9816的Ci顯著減少,LG0915無(wú)顯著差異。復(fù)光后的短時(shí)間內(nèi),水稻葉片的Pn與對(duì)照無(wú)顯著差異,說(shuō)明50%遮光未對(duì)參試水稻的光合作用造成不可逆?zhèn)Α?.不同時(shí)期遮光使參試水稻葉片的PSⅡ最大光化學(xué)效率(Fv/Fm)、光化學(xué)猝滅系數(shù)(qP)、PSⅡ有效光化學(xué)量子產(chǎn)量(Fv'/Fm')和實(shí)際光化學(xué)效率(φPSⅡ)顯著升高,表觀光合電子傳遞速率(ETR)和非光化學(xué)猝滅系數(shù)(qN)顯著降低。復(fù)光后的短時(shí)間內(nèi),葉片的qN顯著增強(qiáng),這是水稻葉片為適應(yīng)光照增強(qiáng)啟動(dòng)自我保護(hù)機(jī)制,隨著復(fù)光時(shí)間的推移,遮光處理產(chǎn)生的影響逐漸減弱并消失。3.不同時(shí)期遮光處理使參試水稻干物質(zhì)積累減少,葉片干物質(zhì)分配比率增加,比葉重降低,葉片通過(guò)變薄以增加葉面積,獲得更多光能。分蘗期遮光處理未對(duì)參試水稻品種的產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)生顯著影響,但使水稻沈農(nóng)265的結(jié)實(shí)率、整精米率和堊白率增加,遼星1號(hào)的千粒重、堊白度和堊白率顯著增加,LG0915的每穗粒數(shù)增多,整精米率和堊白度降低。抽穗期遮光對(duì)穗部干物質(zhì)分配比例影響不顯著。LG0915的產(chǎn)量顯著降低,使沈農(nóng)265、沈農(nóng)9816和LG0915的結(jié)實(shí)率顯著降低。抽穗期遮光對(duì)沈農(nóng)265、沈農(nóng)9816和遼星1號(hào)的碾磨品質(zhì)、外觀品質(zhì)和營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)具有顯著影響,LG0915僅營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)受到影響。
[Abstract]:The experiment was carried out in 2015 at the pot planting base of Agricultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University. Shen Nong 265, Shen Nong 9816, Liaoxing 1 and LG0915 were selected as the tested varieties. The rice was shaded with 50% light at tillering stage and heading stage for 15 days, respectively. The gas exchange parameters and fluorescence parameters of rice leaves were studied. Changes of yield and quality and response mechanism. The main results are as follows: 1. The chlorophyll content of rice leaves was significantly increased and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and water use efficiency (WUE) were significantly decreased under different shading treatments. The stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) were significantly increased in rice leaves exposed to light at tillering stage, and Pn decreased due to non-stomatal factors. The Gs of shaded rice leaves at heading stage decreased significantly, the Ci of Shennong 265 and Liaoxing 1 increased, and the Ci of Shennong 9816 decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference in LG0915. There was no significant difference in Pn between rice leaves and control in a short period of time after relight, indicating that 50% shading did not cause irreversible damage to photosynthesis of rice. 2. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PS 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2266315