【摘要】：噴桿式噴霧技術(shù)是現(xiàn)今最主流的一種植保作業(yè)方式,噴桿的多樣化也是一種社會趨勢。我國對噴桿噴霧技術(shù)有了廣泛的關(guān)注,但噴桿噴霧機(jī)主要應(yīng)用水平桿噴霧技術(shù),結(jié)構(gòu)單一化,需要更加多樣化結(jié)構(gòu)的噴桿來應(yīng)用到實(shí)際中去,并結(jié)合新型的靜電噴霧技術(shù),這樣才能更大程度上提高施藥作業(yè)效率。針對以上的這種現(xiàn)象,本人在熟讀了相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)并結(jié)合實(shí)際情況設(shè)計(jì)了一種頂噴與側(cè)噴結(jié)合的組合式靜電噴霧試驗(yàn)裝置,該裝置結(jié)合了頂噴與側(cè)噴兩種方式,并與靜電噴霧技術(shù)相結(jié)合,實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種多方位的施藥作業(yè)技術(shù),為植保行業(yè)以后的發(fā)展提供更好的依據(jù)。本文主要研究工作和結(jié)論包括以下幾個方面:(1)頂噴與側(cè)噴結(jié)合的組合式靜電噴霧試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)了頂噴與側(cè)噴結(jié)合的組合式靜電噴霧試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),主要包括噴桿結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。其中組合式噴桿上的彈簧和整體尺寸的選型進(jìn)行了對比和試驗(yàn),選擇了合適尺寸和材料的彈簧。(2)利用數(shù)值模擬方法的吊桿與枝干的碰撞研究利用仿真軟件LS-DYNA吊桿與棉枝的碰撞過程進(jìn)行仿真分析,對吊桿與棉枝有限元模型的建立及相關(guān)事項(xiàng);利用建立好的有限元模型對一定工況下吊桿與棉枝碰撞過程進(jìn)行模擬仿真,最后通過跟第四章中的吊桿碰撞實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較得出仿真模型的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性,通過噴頭的偏移距離s的變化曲線與仿真中的噴頭所在的吊桿上的位置H2312的偏移距離比較,誤差值小于10%,還分析和比較了吊桿與棉枝的接觸力的實(shí)際變化曲線,驗(yàn)證的結(jié)果是實(shí)驗(yàn)中力變化的趨勢與仿真中的接觸力的變化曲線誤差在10%以內(nèi),可以相互驗(yàn)證。(3)組合式噴桿中吊桿碰撞試驗(yàn)與結(jié)果分析對吊桿的噴頭偏移距離和吊桿接觸力進(jìn)行測量;此外還對噴頭的偏移距離s和吊桿接觸力F進(jìn)行了兩因素的擬合實(shí)驗(yàn),得出在碰撞速度v和接觸位置h的變化下的噴頭最大偏移距離Smax的變化規(guī)律,噴頭最大偏移距離Smax與碰撞速度v和接觸位置h呈線性相關(guān)。還通過基于高速攝像技術(shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)來得到噴頭的運(yùn)動軌跡并得出在植株上的重噴和漏噴的區(qū)域;表明了靜電噴霧結(jié)合組合式噴霧方式有效的提高了噴霧的沉積效果,靜電噴霧對于提高植株中層的噴霧沉積均勻性有促進(jìn)作用,減少重噴與漏噴現(xiàn)象。(4)沉積分布影響因素試驗(yàn)以第二章的噴桿噴霧系統(tǒng)為實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)對各種不同的因素對噴霧沉積覆蓋率和變異系數(shù)的影響。試驗(yàn)主要考慮了是否荷靜電、噴霧壓力、噴霧作業(yè)速度、噴霧高度對沉積分布的影響。采用了正交設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法來設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)布置,且運(yùn)用方差分析方法研究了靜電與非靜電噴霧作用下試驗(yàn)參數(shù)對沉積效果影響的顯著性,且得出了噴霧壓力、噴霧高度和作業(yè)速度在無靜電壞境下和有靜電環(huán)境下的最佳因素組合的具體數(shù)值為0.5mpa、350mm、1.0m/s和0.4mpa、350mm、1.0m/s。還比較了水平桿的實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的沉積性能并與組合式靜電噴霧結(jié)果比較。
[Abstract]:Spray bar spraying technology is the most mainstream plant protection operation mode nowadays, and the diversification of boom is also a social trend. China has paid extensive attention to spray rod spraying technology, but the spray rod sprayer mainly applies horizontal spray technology, and its structure is single. It needs more diversified structural boom to be applied to practice. In order to improve the efficiency of pesticide spraying, a new electrostatic spray technology is put forward. In view of the above phenomenon, I have read the relevant literature and combined with the actual situation, I have designed a combined electrostatic spray test device, which combines the top spray with the side spray. The device combines two ways of top spray and side spray, and with electrostatic spray technology. The combination of technology and operation has provided a better basis for the future development of the plant protection industry. The main research work and conclusions in this paper include the following aspects: (1) a combined electrostatic spray test system with top spray and side spray is designed, and a combined electrostatic spray with top spray and side spray is developed. The fog test system mainly includes the design of spray rod structure, in which the spring on the combined spray rod is compared with the selection of the whole size, and the spring of the suitable size and material is selected. (2) The collision between the hanger rod and the branch is studied by numerical simulation method, and the collision process between the hanger rod and the cotton branch is simulated by the simulation software LS-DYNA. The finite element model of suspender and cotton branch is established and related matters are analyzed. The collision process of suspender and cotton branch is simulated under certain working conditions by using the established finite element model. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the simulation model are obtained by comparing with the experimental results of suspender collision in chapter 4. The deviation distance between the change curve and the position H2312 of the sprinkler head in the simulation is less than 10%. The actual change curve of the contact force between the sprinkler and the cotton branch is analyzed and compared. The result is that the error between the change trend of the force in the experiment and the change curve of the contact force in the simulation is less than 10%, which can be verified by each other. 3) The sprinkler head offset distance and the contact force of the suspender are measured by the collision test and the result analysis of the suspender in the combined sprinkler rod. In addition, the fitting experiments of the sprinkler head offset distance s and the contact force F of the suspender are carried out, and the variation law of the maximum offset distance Smax under the change of collision velocity V and contact position h is obtained. The maximum offset distance Smax of the nozzle is linearly related to the collision speed V and the contact position H. The trajectory of the sprinkler is obtained through the simulation experiment based on the high-speed photography technology, and the area of re sprayed and missed spray on the plant is obtained. It shows that the electrostatic spray combined with the combined spray method effectively improves the spray deposition efficiency. The electrostatic spray can improve the uniformity of spray deposition in the middle layer of the plant, and reduce the phenomenon of re injection and leakage. (4) the influence factors of the deposition distribution are tested by the spray spray system of the second chapter as the experimental foundation, and the effects of various factors on the spray deposition coverage and coefficient of variation are mainly considered. The effects of spray pressure, spray speed and spray height on the distribution of deposition are studied. An orthogonal experimental design method is used to design the layout of experimental parameters. ANOVA is used to study the effect of the experimental parameters on the deposition effect under electrostatic and non electrostatic spraying, and the spray pressure, spray height and operation are obtained. The specific values of industrial speed in the absence of static electricity and the best combination of factors under electrostatic environment are 0.5MPa, 350mm, 1.0m/s and 0.4MPa, 350mm and 1.0m/s.. The deposition performance in practical application of horizontal bar is also compared with that of combined electrostatic spray.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S49

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