【摘要】：多功能農用作業(yè)機是一種一次可完成秸稈粉碎、旋耕、播種等多種作業(yè)的現(xiàn)代農業(yè)裝備。多功能作業(yè)機裝備有多個作業(yè)機具,其動力傳動系統(tǒng)有多個動力輸出,國內的產品大都存在動力分配不合理、操縱不便的問題。針對多功能作業(yè)機現(xiàn)有問題,本文以某履帶自走式多功能作業(yè)機為對象,對其傳動系統(tǒng)進行改進研究,以提高作業(yè)機的工作效率和操縱性能、降低燃油消耗。本文首先對現(xiàn)有多功能作業(yè)機的結構、參數(shù)和性能進行詳細分析,提出傳動系統(tǒng)的改進目標。其次,根據(jù)改進目標,對傳動系統(tǒng)改進方案進行設計,優(yōu)化各線路傳動比,消除“轉速倒流”現(xiàn)象,使前后動力輸出控制與行走系統(tǒng)相互獨立。為提高作業(yè)機操縱性能,在動力傳動系統(tǒng)中增加兩個濕式離合器,并對其參數(shù)進行設計,確定液壓系統(tǒng)流量和油壓,對主要元件進行選型分析。應用KISSsys和KISSsoft軟件,建立傳動系統(tǒng)模型,在模型正確性得到驗證后,根據(jù)確定的傳動比對各齒輪、軸和軸承進行設計、選型與校核。再次,在傳動系齒輪參數(shù)確定的基礎上,對各直齒輪進行修形研究,探究各修形要素對修形效果的影響規(guī)律,以提高承載能力、減小振動和噪聲為目標,確定各齒輪副的最佳修形參數(shù),并對修形前后齒輪副傳動效率進行分析,驗證了齒輪修形對提高傳動效率的作用。最后,通過田間試驗,計算秸稈還田作業(yè)后的植被覆蓋率,測量作業(yè)機田間運輸和旋耕工況下的燃油消耗量,并與燃油消耗的仿真結果和改進前的試驗結果進行對比分析。結果顯示:耕后植被覆蓋率能夠達到技術要求,燃油消耗的仿真結果與試驗結果基本一致,作業(yè)機燃油經(jīng)濟性得到了較大提高。本文通過對多功能作業(yè)機傳動系統(tǒng)各線路傳動比的優(yōu)化,消除了作業(yè)機前動力輸出存在的“轉速倒流”現(xiàn)象,提高了作業(yè)機燃油經(jīng)濟性;通過增加兩個濕式離合器,提高了作業(yè)機的操縱性能。本文對多功能作業(yè)機傳動系統(tǒng)的改進,實現(xiàn)了降低勞動強度和作業(yè)成本的目標,強有力地推動了農業(yè)機械化和可持續(xù)化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Multifunctional agricultural machine is a kind of modern agricultural equipment, which can finish straw crushing, rotary tillage, sowing and so on. The multi-function machine has many working machines and tools, and its power transmission system has multiple power output. Most of the domestic products have the problems of unreasonable power distribution and inconvenient operation. Aiming at the existing problems of the multifunctional operating machine, this paper studies the improvement of the transmission system of a crawler self-propelled multifunctional machine in order to improve the working efficiency and maneuverability of the machine and reduce the fuel consumption. In this paper, the structure, parameters and performance of the existing multifunctional machine are analyzed in detail, and the improvement goal of the transmission system is put forward. Secondly, according to the improvement goal, the improvement scheme of transmission system is designed, the transmission ratio of each line is optimized, the phenomenon of "speed reversion" is eliminated, and the power output control and the moving system are independent of each other. In order to improve the maneuverability of the operating machine, two wet clutches were added to the power transmission system. The parameters of the clutch were designed, the flow rate and the oil pressure of the hydraulic system were determined, and the main components were selected and analyzed. The model of transmission system is established by using KISSsys and KISSsoft software. After the correctness of the model is verified, the gears, shafts and bearings are designed, selected and checked according to the determined transmission ratio. Thirdly, on the basis of determining the gear parameters of the transmission system, the modification of each spur gear is studied, and the influence law of each modification element on the modification effect is explored, in order to improve the bearing capacity and reduce the vibration and noise. The optimum modification parameters of each gear pair are determined, and the transmission efficiency of gear pair before and after modification is analyzed, which verifies the effect of gear modification on improving transmission efficiency. Finally, the vegetation coverage after straw returning to the field was calculated, and the fuel consumption under the operating conditions of field transportation and rotary tillage was measured, and compared with the simulation results of fuel consumption and the experimental results before improvement. The results show that the vegetation coverage after tillage can meet the technical requirements, the simulation results of fuel consumption are basically consistent with the experimental results, and the fuel economy of the operating machine has been greatly improved. In this paper, by optimizing the transmission ratio of the transmission system of the multifunctional operating machine, the phenomenon of "speed backflow" existing in the power output of the working machine is eliminated, and the fuel economy of the machine is improved, and two wet clutches are added. The operation performance of the machine is improved. In this paper, the improvement of the transmission system of the multifunctional job machine has achieved the goal of reducing the labor intensity and the cost of the work, and has strongly promoted the development of agricultural mechanization and sustainable development.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S220

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本文編號：2231014