【摘要】：土壤質地、入滲率、含水率和熱導率作為土壤的基本物理性質,對上述參數(shù)進行監(jiān)測是農(nóng)業(yè)研究中的一項基礎工作,其研究意義表現(xiàn)在土壤有機質積累、化學反應速率、節(jié)水灌溉和水資源的高效利用等眾多方面;土壤水熱參數(shù)的相互關系對土壤水熱耦合過程和溶質運移亦具有重要意義。本課題研究開發(fā)了快速識別土壤質地的計算機軟件;并以呈貢區(qū)壤土和東川礦區(qū)粉壤土不同土地利用類型地塊為研究區(qū),以上述地塊中的供試土樣為研究對象,對土壤理化性質和水分入滲過程進行了實地測定;繼而對含水率與熱導率的相關性進行分析。在研究過程中得到的主要成果如下:(1)研究區(qū)土壤入滲性能較好,表現(xiàn)為穩(wěn)定入滲率較快、累積入滲量較大。試驗中盤徑對入滲結果影響不顯著;相同時間內(nèi)東川粉壤土累積入滲量大于呈貢壤土;相同地塊中負壓水頭越高穩(wěn)定入滲率越小,且累積入滲量越少;不同土地利用類型對土壤飽和導水率影響較大,表現(xiàn)為灌木地草地農(nóng)耕地裸地。(2)供試地塊土壤含水率及熱導率存在強烈的空間相關性,試驗中隨機因素引起的空間變異程度較低。淺層土壤水分空間分布中邊界效應表現(xiàn)明顯;深層土壤中孔隙的連通性對土壤水分空間分布貢獻較大;不同深度土層含水率的差異是由蒸發(fā)強度、耕作活動所引起;土壤含水率主導了熱導率的空間分布,使得二者的空間分布特征相似性較高。(3)不同深度土層及不同土地利用類型條件下,土壤含水率與熱導率回歸結果表現(xiàn)為正線性相關,且含水率為17%～22%時線性關系較高;根據(jù)空間序列的譜分析擬合結果得到熱導率在含水率序列上呈現(xiàn)長程負相關。上述研究成果旨在為精準農(nóng)業(yè)田間管理提供幫助;為當?shù)毓?jié)水灌溉和水分高效利用提供理論參考;為各地區(qū)類似基礎研究提供方法借鑒。
[Abstract]:Soil texture, infiltration rate, moisture content and thermal conductivity are the basic physical properties of soil. Monitoring the above parameters is a basic work in agricultural research. The significance of the study is the accumulation of soil organic matter and the rate of chemical reaction. Water saving irrigation and efficient utilization of water resources are also of great significance to the coupling process of soil water and heat and the transport of solute. In this paper, a computer software for quick identification of soil texture is developed, and the different land use types of loam soil and silt loam in Dongchuan mining area are taken as the research areas, and the samples of the tested soil in the above-mentioned plots are taken as the research objects. The physical and chemical properties of soil and the process of water infiltration were measured, and the correlation between moisture content and thermal conductivity was analyzed. The main results obtained during the study are as follows: (1) the soil infiltration performance in the study area is better, which shows that the stable infiltration rate is faster and the cumulative infiltration amount is larger. At the same time, the cumulative infiltration amount of Dongchuan silty loam is larger than that of Chenggong loam, the higher the negative pressure head in the same plot, the smaller the stable infiltration rate, and the less the cumulative infiltration. Different land use types have great influence on soil saturated water conductivity, which is shown as shrub grassland farmland bare land. (2) there is strong spatial correlation between soil moisture content and thermal conductivity of the plots. The degree of spatial variation caused by random factors was low. The boundary effect is obvious in the spatial distribution of shallow soil water, the connectivity of pores in deep soil contributes greatly to the spatial distribution of soil moisture, the difference of soil moisture content in different depth is caused by evaporation intensity and tillage activity. Soil moisture content dominates the spatial distribution of thermal conductivity, which makes the spatial distribution characteristics similar. (3) under different soil depth and different land use types, the regression results of soil moisture content and thermal conductivity show a positive linear correlation. The linear relationship between water content and water content is 17 ~ 220.According to the spectral analysis of spatial series, the thermal conductivity shows a long range negative correlation on water content series. The research results mentioned above are aimed at providing help for field management of precision agriculture, theoretical reference for local water-saving irrigation and water efficient use, and methods for similar basic research in various regions.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S152.7

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