【摘要】：為了培育出健壯的番茄幼苗,本論文研究了夏季添加不同植物生長抑制劑和冬季進行營養(yǎng)液增溫對番茄株高、莖粗、葉片數(shù)、根系活力、根冠比和壯苗指數(shù)等的影響,并研究了冬季營養(yǎng)液增溫對全生育期番茄株高、莖粗、葉片數(shù)、葉綠素含量、根系活力、果實品質(zhì)及水分利用率等的影響。經(jīng)過試驗得到以下結(jié)論:1.本試驗采用在營養(yǎng)液中添加一定量的多效唑、矮壯素和縮節(jié)胺來控制植株的長勢。結(jié)果表明:在營養(yǎng)液中分別添加1mg/kg、2mg/kg多效唑,20mg/kg、25mg/kg矮壯素,10mg/kg、20mg/kg縮節(jié)胺均能有效控制植株的長勢;其中在營養(yǎng)液中添加20mg/kg、25mg/kg矮壯素,10mg/kg、20mg/kg縮節(jié)胺的壯苗指數(shù)為0.0284、0.0325、0.0511和0.0365,分別比對照增加9.2%、25%、96.5%和40.4%,添加1mg/kg、2mg/kg多效唑的植株壯苗指數(shù)小于空白處理;說明在營養(yǎng)液中添加20mg/kg、25mg/kg矮壯素,10mg/kg、20mg/kg縮節(jié)胺能有效控制植株徒長,提高壯苗指數(shù);三種生長抑制劑對徒長抑制強度和作用時間也不同,藥效時間多效唑矮壯素縮節(jié)胺。在夏季使用無基質(zhì)營養(yǎng)液育苗系統(tǒng)育苗,可在營養(yǎng)液中添加10mg/kg縮節(jié)胺和25mg/kg矮壯素。2.冬季進行營養(yǎng)液加溫能提高植株的長勢,經(jīng)過加溫處理的植株的根冠比隨著營養(yǎng)液溫度的升高而升高,植株的根系活力呈下降趨勢,冬季進行營養(yǎng)液增溫顯著增大了番茄葉片的最大葉面積,還提高了番茄葉片光和色素的含量。從根冠比和壯苗指數(shù)上看,本試驗中T2(白天18℃,夜間14℃)處理在冬季育苗時是較好的溫度設(shè)置,根冠比增加了46.4%,壯苗指數(shù)增加了31.3%。3.對營養(yǎng)液進行加溫之后,植株的株高、莖粗和葉片數(shù)的長勢均顯著大于室溫處理。加溫處理的根系活力顯著小于室溫處理,下降了21.75%。加溫處理的植株的葉綠素a含量得到顯著提高,葉綠素a/b也顯著大于室溫處理,但是光合色素總量與室溫處理差異不顯著。加溫處理的單株產(chǎn)量顯著高于室溫處理增加了29.28%,果實品質(zhì)也得到了顯著的提高,可溶性糖、抗壞血酸、可溶性固形物和糖酸比分別增加了15.46%、16.04%、11.45%和27.07%,可滴定酸下降了12.28%。加溫處理的單株用水量高于室溫處理,但水分利用率也顯著提高了25.33%。冬季進行營養(yǎng)液加溫能顯著提高單株產(chǎn)量、果實品質(zhì)和水分利用率。
[Abstract]:In order to cultivate strong tomato seedlings, the effects of different plant growth inhibitors in summer and nutrient solution warming in winter on plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, root activity, root-shoot ratio and seedling strength index were studied. The effects of winter nutrient solution warming on plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, chlorophyll content, root activity, fruit quality and water use efficiency were studied. After the experiment, the following conclusion: 1. The plant growth was controlled by adding a certain amount of paclobutrazol, dwarfing hormone and pyramidine to the nutrient solution. The results showed that adding 1 mg / kg 2 mg / kg paclobutrazol 20 mg / kg 25 mg / kg Dwarf to the nutrient solution could effectively control plant growth. Among them, the seedling health index of 20 mg / kg 25 mg / kg Dwarf / kg Dwarf 10 mg 路kg ~ (-1) N ~ (20) mg 路kg ~ (-1) amine was 0.0284 ~ 0.0325 ~ 0.0511 and 0.0365, respectively, which increased by 9.22% and 40.4% compared with the control, respectively, and the seedling strength index of the plant added with 1 mg / kg ~ (-2) mg / kg paclobutrazol was lower than that of the blank treatment. The results showed that the addition of 20 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (25 mg 路kg ~ (-1) Dwarf to the nutrient solution could effectively control the plant growth and increase the seedling index, and the inhibition intensity and action time of the three growth inhibitors were also different, and the effective time was also different. In summer, 10mg/kg node amine and 25mg/kg dwarf. 2 can be added to the nutrient solution for seedling raising system with no substrate nutrient solution. The root to shoot ratio of the plants increased with the increase of the temperature of nutrient solution, and the root activity of the plants decreased with the increase of the temperature of nutrient solution. The maximum leaf area of tomato leaves and the content of light and pigment in tomato leaves were significantly increased by increasing the temperature of nutrient solution in winter. In this experiment, T2 (daytime 18 鈩，

本文編號：2169109