【摘要】：榕母管薊馬Gynaikothrips ficorum(Marcha 1908),隸屬于纓翅目(Thysanoptera),管薊馬科(phlaeothripidae),母管薊馬屬(Gynaikothrips),是榕屬(Ficus)植物主要害蟲之一。其主要以成蟲和若蟲聚集取食和產(chǎn)卵危害寄主。本研究篩選對榕母管薊馬具高致病力的白僵菌菌株,研究其生物學(xué)特性及其與低毒殺蟲劑的相容性和致病力,深入研究在不同溫度下白僵菌侵染過程中,榕母管薊馬體內(nèi)抗氧化酶的應(yīng)激反應(yīng),研究結(jié)果如下:1.以浸液法接菌,從12株球孢白僵菌菌株中,篩選出對榕母管薊馬高致病力的菌株。結(jié)果表明:以濃度為(1±0.5)×107孢子·mL-1的孢懸液接菌后9 d,菌株Bsx-04對榕母管薊馬致病力相對較強(qiáng),對成蟲和若蟲的校正死亡率分別達(dá)(100.00±0.00)%和(94.06土1.20)%,LT50分別為(4.03土0.05)d 和(4.71 土0.08)d。Bsx-04 菌株第4天對成蟲和若蟲的LC50分別4.786× 106孢子·mL-1和1.849×108孢子·mL-1。TDM模型分析,Bsx-04菌株對成蟲和若蟲致死效應(yīng)最強(qiáng)的時間都是第5天。2.測定白僵菌Bsx-04菌株在5種常用培養(yǎng)基和不同溫度下的菌絲生長量、產(chǎn)孢量和孢子萌發(fā)率。結(jié)果表明,培養(yǎng)10 d,該菌株在SDAY、PPDA、SMAY3種培養(yǎng)基上菌絲生長顯著高于SDA和PDA,5種培養(yǎng)基上的產(chǎn)孢量無顯著差異,其中PPDA上菌絲生長和產(chǎn)孢量相對較好。該菌株生長和產(chǎn)孢的最適溫度為20℃-25℃,溫度35℃不產(chǎn)孢、孢子不萌發(fā),18℃-30℃范圍內(nèi)孢子可萌發(fā),孢子萌發(fā)最適溫度是25℃。3.研究白僵菌Bsx-04菌株與6種低毒殺蟲劑的相容性,測定不同濃度單劑與菌液-殺蟲劑混配劑對榕母管薊馬的毒力。結(jié)果表明,氟啶蟲胺腈與白僵菌Bsx-04孢子萌發(fā)抑制率最低,相容性最好。殺蟲劑中,乙基多殺菌素和呋蟲胺對榕母管薊馬成蟲致死效果最好,呋蟲胺對其若蟲致死效果最好。與亞致死濃度的氰氟蟲腙或次亞致死濃度的氟啶蟲胺腈混配后,白僵菌Bsx-04對榕母管薊馬成蟲的致病力有增效作用,但6種殺蟲劑對若蟲致病力無增效作用。4.研究榕母管薊馬體內(nèi)抗氧化酶對白僵菌侵染的應(yīng)激反應(yīng),測定不同溫度下,接菌后榕母管薊馬成蟲的POD、SOD、CAT 3種抗氧化酶的活性,結(jié)果表明:榕母管薊馬成蟲受低溫或高溫脅迫,POD酶的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)最強(qiáng),SOD酶的反應(yīng)較弱,而CAT酶活性在保持蟲體活力較強(qiáng)的條件下,受溫度的影響較小。接菌后,相對低溫(15℃)或相對高溫(35℃)下,3種抗氧化酶活性與對照無顯著差異。適溫下,3種酶活性均呈先升高后降低的趨勢,且溫度越有利于白僵菌侵染榕母管薊馬,蟲體的抗氧化酶對侵染的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)越早,抗氧化酶活性越強(qiáng)。3種抗氧化酶中,SOD酶對白僵菌侵染的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)早于POD酶和CAT酶。
[Abstract]:Gynaikothrips ficorum (Marcha 1908, belonging to (Gynaikothrips), of (phlaeothripidae), family (phlaeothripidae), is one of the main pests of (Ficus). It mainly harms the host by gathering adult and nymph to feed and lay eggs. In this study, the biological characteristics, compatibility and pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana strains with high pathogenicity to Ficus bassiana were studied, and the infection process of Beauveria bassiana at different temperatures was studied. The stress reaction of antioxidant enzymes in Ficus nativa thrips is as follows: 1. 1. From 12 strains of Beauveria bassiana inoculated by dipping solution, the strains with high pathogenicity to Ficus nativa thrips were screened out. The results showed that 9 days after inoculation with spore suspension of (1 鹵0.5) 脳 10 ~ 7 spore mL-1, the virulence of strain Bsx-04 to Ficus morifolium thrips was relatively strong. The corrected mortality of adults and nymphs were (100.00 鹵0.00)% and (94.06 鹵1.20)%, respectively. LT50 was (4.03 鹵0.05) d and (4.71 鹵0.08) d for adults and nymphs respectively. Analysis of the lethal effects of Bsx-04 on adult and nymph by LC50 4.786 脳 106spore mL-1 and 1.849 脳 108spore mL-1.TDM on the 4th day The most effective time is the fifth day. 2. The hyphae growth, sporulation and spore germination rate of Beauveria bassiana Bsx-04 strain in 5 kinds of common culture medium and at different temperature were measured. The results showed that the hyphal growth of the strain was significantly higher than that of SDA and PDAA on the three media for 10 days, and the hyphae growth and sporulation on PPDA were relatively good. The optimum temperature for the growth and sporulation of the strain was 20 鈩，

本文編號：2152509