管式射流驅(qū)動下的養(yǎng)殖池集污水動力學(xué)特性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 21:23
【摘要】：工廠化養(yǎng)殖是我國設(shè)施漁業(yè)的重要領(lǐng)域,是一種現(xiàn)代化、高密度、集約化的養(yǎng)殖模式,在養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、水資源匱乏的情況下,越來越受到養(yǎng)殖企業(yè)的重視并不斷發(fā)展起來,是目前水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展的主要趨勢。工廠化養(yǎng)殖多采用循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖模式,即通過將養(yǎng)殖廢水進行物理過濾、生物過濾等步驟,在保證水質(zhì)條件的情況下,實現(xiàn)養(yǎng)殖用水循環(huán)利用,實現(xiàn)0排放0污染的高效養(yǎng)殖模式。循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖模式的核心是水處理技術(shù)。目前,針對養(yǎng)殖池內(nèi)水質(zhì)處理主要包括固體廢棄物的去除、可溶性污物的去除以及水體消毒與增氧。而固體廢棄物作為養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)的首要污染因素,如何及時高效的清除是改善水質(zhì)條件的重要手段。本文利用試驗與數(shù)模相結(jié)合的方式對工廠化對蝦養(yǎng)殖池及魚類養(yǎng)殖池的集排污水力特性進行探究,研究不同射流角度與射流流速條件下,養(yǎng)殖池的流場分布特性與污物聚集特性,為工廠化循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖池的工程設(shè)計提供參考依據(jù)。本文主要結(jié)論如下:(1)利用試驗方法探究了對蝦養(yǎng)殖池在不同射流角度(0°、10°、20°、30°、40°、50°)與射流流速(10cm/s、15cm/s、20cm/s、22cm/s、24cm/s、28cm/s)的污物聚集特性及流場分布特性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)邊側(cè)射流驅(qū)動下,射流角度在40°以內(nèi)時,方形圓切角養(yǎng)殖池內(nèi)斷面流速呈“V”字形分布,接近池心附近的流速較大,向外先降低,然后再增大。但當(dāng)射流角度超過40°時,根據(jù)集污效果可推知,流場將較為凌亂。養(yǎng)殖池的表層流態(tài)和底層流態(tài)亦存在一定差異。表層流場高流速區(qū)主要出現(xiàn)在橫豎斷面貼近池壁處,而底層流場的高流速區(qū)主要出現(xiàn)在射流口及其下游彎段區(qū)間內(nèi)。方形圓切角養(yǎng)殖池的集污效果受射流角度和射流速度影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),射流角度為40°時,最有利于池內(nèi)污物聚集。射流流速越大,集污效果越好。(2)利用數(shù)值模擬的方法探究了養(yǎng)殖池內(nèi)不同切面上的速度分布規(guī)律,徑向流速與切向流速的分布規(guī)律,不同射流角度α(0°、10°、20°、30°、40°、50°)與射流流速u(10cm/s、15cm/s、20cm/s、22cm/s、24cm/s、28cm/s)對養(yǎng)殖池內(nèi)流場分布的影響。研究表明:流速總體分布隨著縱深距離的增大而減小,底層流場由于池底摩擦力的影響,總體流速最小。各深度的流速呈中間小外圍大的分布特點,池心附近縱向速度明顯。各深度平面切向速度分布整體呈相對對稱的“M”分布,有外圍大而中間小的特點,徑向流速分布并無明顯規(guī)律,但對于分析工廠化養(yǎng)殖池池底的集排污特性具有重要意義。隨著射流流速u的增大,表層流場與底層流場流速增大明顯,且隨著流速增大池內(nèi)水體回轉(zhuǎn)效果變優(yōu)。射流角度α對流場影響顯著,射流角度α為0°時,池內(nèi)流速整體較小,且池內(nèi)水體回轉(zhuǎn)效果較差。隨著射流角度的增大,流場整體回轉(zhuǎn)效果變優(yōu)、整體流速變大,到達(dá)40°時效果最好,而后隨著角度增大,效果變差。(3)利用試驗手段研究了魚類養(yǎng)殖池集污水動力特性,主要探討了射流流速(0.2 m/s、0.3m/s、0.4m/s、0.5m/s、0.6m/s、0.7m/s)、射流角度(0°、10°、20°、30°、40°、50°)以及抽吸方式(底部抽吸模式、邊側(cè)抽吸模式)的影響。結(jié)合射流流速試驗、射流角度試驗與抽吸方式試驗,對管式射流集污特性進行研究,綜合考慮各種因素,我們建議循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)中的池內(nèi)集污模式,可設(shè)定為底部抽吸模式、邊側(cè)的射流管角度最優(yōu)約40°、射流流速應(yīng)不小于0.3m/s。對于污物顆粒較大、粘性較強的情況,可增大射流流速獲得預(yù)期的效果,具體流速大小可通過專項研究確定。
[Abstract]:Factory farming is an important field of facilities fishery in China. It is a modern, high density and intensive culture mode. Under the condition of serious pollution and lack of water resources, more and more attention and continuous development of aquaculture enterprises, which is the main trend of the development of aquaculture industry. The aquaculture model, namely, through the physical filtration of the aquaculture wastewater, biological filtration and other steps to ensure the water quality conditions, to realize the recycling of aquaculture water and realize the high efficiency culture mode of 0 emission and 0 pollution. The core of the aquaculture model is water treatment technology. At present, the water treatment in the aquaculture pool mainly includes solid waste. Removal of the soluble contaminants, water disinfection and oxygen increasing, and solid waste as the primary pollution factor of aquaculture water quality, how to improve the water quality in time is an important means to improve the water quality conditions. Under the conditions of different jet angles and fluidic flow velocity, the distribution characteristics of the flow field and the characteristics of dirt aggregation are studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the experimental method is used to explore the angle of the shrimp culture pool at different angles (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50). With the jet flow velocity (10cm/s, 15cm/s, 20cm/s, 22cm/s, 24cm/s, 28cm/s), the characteristics and distribution characteristics of the flow field are found. It is found that the flow velocity of the square circular cutting pond is "V" shaped when the angle of the jet is within 40 degrees, and the flow velocity near the pool center is larger and then decreases first and then increases. When the jet angle exceeds 40 degrees, the flow field will be more messy according to the effect of the pollution. The surface flow pattern and the bottom flow pattern of the aquaculture pool are also different. The high velocity area of the surface flow field is mainly in the vertical section near the pool wall, and the high velocity region of the bottom flow field is mainly in the jet port and its downstream section. The effect of water jet angle and jet velocity on the angle of the aquaculture pond is affected by the jet angle and the jet velocity. It is found that when the angle of the jet is 40 degrees, it is the most beneficial to the accumulation of dirt in the pool. The greater the flow velocity of the jet, the better the effect of the pollution. (2) the distribution law of the velocity and the distribution of the radial velocity and tangent velocity in the different sections of the aquaculture pool are explored by numerical simulation. The effect of different jet angles (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50) and the flow velocity u (10cm/s, 15cm/s, 20cm/s, 22cm/s, 24cm/s, 28cm/s) on the flow field distribution in the aquaculture pool. The study shows that the overall velocity distribution decreases with the increase of the depth of the depth, and the overall flow velocity is minimum because of the influence of the bottom friction of the pool. The flow velocity at each depth is present. The longitudinal velocity in the center of the pool is obvious. The distribution of the plane tangential velocity distribution of each depth is relatively symmetrical "M" distribution, which has the characteristics of large periphery and small middle, and there is no obvious law of the radial velocity distribution, but it is of great significance for the analysis of the discharge characteristics of the bottom of the pond. With the increase of speed u, the surface flow field and the flow velocity in the bottom flow field increase obviously, and with the flow velocity increasing, the effect of water rotation in the pool becomes better. The jet angle alpha has a significant influence on the flow field. When the angle of the jet is 0 degrees, the flow velocity in the pool is smaller and the water rotation in the pool is poor. With the increase of the jet angle, the overall flow rate of the flow field becomes better and the overall flow is changed. The effect is best when the speed reaches 40 degrees, and the effect becomes worse with the angle increasing. (3) the hydrodynamic characteristics of the fish culture pool are studied by means of test. The jet flow velocity (0.2 m/s, 0.3m/s, 0.4m/s, 0.5m/s, 0.6m/s, 0.7m/s), the jet angle (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50) and the suction mode (bottom suction mode, side side) Combined with the jet flow velocity test, the jet angle test and the suction test, the fouling characteristics of the tube jets are studied. Considering the various factors, we suggest that the pool collecting mode in the circulating water aquaculture system can be set as the bottom suction mode, the angle of the jet pipe at the side side is about 40 degrees, and the jet flow velocity should not. Less than 0.3m/s., for larger particles and stronger viscosity, the jet velocity can be increased to achieve the desired effect. The specific velocity can be determined by special research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X714
本文編號：2122994
[Abstract]:Factory farming is an important field of facilities fishery in China. It is a modern, high density and intensive culture mode. Under the condition of serious pollution and lack of water resources, more and more attention and continuous development of aquaculture enterprises, which is the main trend of the development of aquaculture industry. The aquaculture model, namely, through the physical filtration of the aquaculture wastewater, biological filtration and other steps to ensure the water quality conditions, to realize the recycling of aquaculture water and realize the high efficiency culture mode of 0 emission and 0 pollution. The core of the aquaculture model is water treatment technology. At present, the water treatment in the aquaculture pool mainly includes solid waste. Removal of the soluble contaminants, water disinfection and oxygen increasing, and solid waste as the primary pollution factor of aquaculture water quality, how to improve the water quality in time is an important means to improve the water quality conditions. Under the conditions of different jet angles and fluidic flow velocity, the distribution characteristics of the flow field and the characteristics of dirt aggregation are studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the experimental method is used to explore the angle of the shrimp culture pool at different angles (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50). With the jet flow velocity (10cm/s, 15cm/s, 20cm/s, 22cm/s, 24cm/s, 28cm/s), the characteristics and distribution characteristics of the flow field are found. It is found that the flow velocity of the square circular cutting pond is "V" shaped when the angle of the jet is within 40 degrees, and the flow velocity near the pool center is larger and then decreases first and then increases. When the jet angle exceeds 40 degrees, the flow field will be more messy according to the effect of the pollution. The surface flow pattern and the bottom flow pattern of the aquaculture pool are also different. The high velocity area of the surface flow field is mainly in the vertical section near the pool wall, and the high velocity region of the bottom flow field is mainly in the jet port and its downstream section. The effect of water jet angle and jet velocity on the angle of the aquaculture pond is affected by the jet angle and the jet velocity. It is found that when the angle of the jet is 40 degrees, it is the most beneficial to the accumulation of dirt in the pool. The greater the flow velocity of the jet, the better the effect of the pollution. (2) the distribution law of the velocity and the distribution of the radial velocity and tangent velocity in the different sections of the aquaculture pool are explored by numerical simulation. The effect of different jet angles (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50) and the flow velocity u (10cm/s, 15cm/s, 20cm/s, 22cm/s, 24cm/s, 28cm/s) on the flow field distribution in the aquaculture pool. The study shows that the overall velocity distribution decreases with the increase of the depth of the depth, and the overall flow velocity is minimum because of the influence of the bottom friction of the pool. The flow velocity at each depth is present. The longitudinal velocity in the center of the pool is obvious. The distribution of the plane tangential velocity distribution of each depth is relatively symmetrical "M" distribution, which has the characteristics of large periphery and small middle, and there is no obvious law of the radial velocity distribution, but it is of great significance for the analysis of the discharge characteristics of the bottom of the pond. With the increase of speed u, the surface flow field and the flow velocity in the bottom flow field increase obviously, and with the flow velocity increasing, the effect of water rotation in the pool becomes better. The jet angle alpha has a significant influence on the flow field. When the angle of the jet is 0 degrees, the flow velocity in the pool is smaller and the water rotation in the pool is poor. With the increase of the jet angle, the overall flow rate of the flow field becomes better and the overall flow is changed. The effect is best when the speed reaches 40 degrees, and the effect becomes worse with the angle increasing. (3) the hydrodynamic characteristics of the fish culture pool are studied by means of test. The jet flow velocity (0.2 m/s, 0.3m/s, 0.4m/s, 0.5m/s, 0.6m/s, 0.7m/s), the jet angle (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50) and the suction mode (bottom suction mode, side side) Combined with the jet flow velocity test, the jet angle test and the suction test, the fouling characteristics of the tube jets are studied. Considering the various factors, we suggest that the pool collecting mode in the circulating water aquaculture system can be set as the bottom suction mode, the angle of the jet pipe at the side side is about 40 degrees, and the jet flow velocity should not. Less than 0.3m/s., for larger particles and stronger viscosity, the jet velocity can be increased to achieve the desired effect. The specific velocity can be determined by special research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X714
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