本文選題：氮磷交互 + 土壤養(yǎng)分��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)是通過元素比例來研究生態(tài)過程和生態(tài)作用的學(xué)科。它為研究土壤-植物相互作用與碳(C)、氮(N)磷(P)循環(huán)提供了新的思路。生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)研究最多的三種元素是C、N和P,其中,N和P是生物生長(zhǎng)的限制性養(yǎng)分,C是結(jié)構(gòu)性物質(zhì),三者密切相關(guān)。大氣N沉降不斷增加,進(jìn)而影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)N循環(huán),而對(duì)于受P限制的亞熱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)而言,P限制可能會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)C:N:P穩(wěn)定性對(duì)于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)循環(huán)和維系養(yǎng)分平衡具有重要意義。但是,當(dāng)前缺乏對(duì)氮磷因子交互下森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳氮磷化學(xué)計(jì)量關(guān)系的生態(tài)學(xué)解釋,因此無法科學(xué)預(yù)測(cè)和準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對(duì)復(fù)雜氣候變化的響應(yīng)特征。本研究以受P限制的浙江天童亞熱帶常綠闊葉林木荷(Schima superba)群落為研究對(duì)象,進(jìn)行了氮磷添加實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)共設(shè)置4種施肥類型:對(duì)照(CK:0 kgN/hm2/yr)、氮添加(+N:100kgN/hm2/yr)、磷添加(+P:50kgP/hm2/yr)和氮磷添加(+NP:100kgN/hm2/yr+50kgP/hm2/yr)。通過四個(gè)季度的土壤和細(xì)根取樣以及理化測(cè)定,分析了氮磷添加對(duì)土壤、細(xì)根及細(xì)根-土壤系統(tǒng)的C、N、P化學(xué)計(jì)量特征的影響。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)氮磷添加對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳和土壤全N均沒有顯著性影響,+N處理下土壤全P沒有顯著性改變,+P和+NP處理顯著的增加了土壤全P;氮磷添加處理下,土壤C:N和C:P的變化分別與土壤全N和全P顯著相關(guān),與土壤有機(jī)碳的相關(guān)性不明顯;土壤N:P的變化與土壤全N和全P都顯著相關(guān),但與土壤全P的相關(guān)性更強(qiáng)。(2)氮磷添加處理顯著增加了土壤細(xì)根C含量,但對(duì)細(xì)根全N沒有明顯的影響。+N處理對(duì)細(xì)根全P含量沒有顯著影響,而+P和+NP處理能夠顯著增加細(xì)根全P含量。氮磷添加處理下,細(xì)根C:N的變化主要受細(xì)根全N含量的調(diào)控,C:P的變化受細(xì)根全C和全P共同調(diào)控,但與土壤全P的相關(guān)性更強(qiáng),細(xì)根N:P的變化受細(xì)根N和P的共同調(diào)控。(3)氮磷添加處理下,細(xì)根全P與土壤全P的變化具有很強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性,但細(xì)根全C與土壤有機(jī)碳、細(xì)根全N與土壤全N沒有明顯的相關(guān)性。微生物生物量C、N與土壤有機(jī)碳和土壤全N表現(xiàn)出顯著性的相關(guān)關(guān)系,但二者的C:N沒有明顯的相關(guān)性。微生物生物量C與細(xì)根全C、微生物生物量N與細(xì)根全N以及二者的C:N均無明顯的相關(guān)性。綜上,因研究樣地受到P限制,+P處理對(duì)土壤和細(xì)根的影響比+N處理更明顯。氮磷添加處理下,土壤與微生物生物量之間的具有顯著的相關(guān)性。研究結(jié)果可為未來氣候變化下陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量關(guān)系的研究提供一定理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Eco-chemometrics is a subject that studies ecological processes and ecological effects through the proportion of elements. It provides a new idea for the study of soil-plant interaction with carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles. The three elements of ecochemometrics are Con N and P, among which N and P are the limiting nutrients for biological growth and C are structural substances, which are closely related to each other. The atmospheric N deposition is increasing, which will affect the N cycle of the ecosystem, and the P limitation may be more serious for the subtropical ecosystem restricted by P. The stability of ecosystem C: n: P plays an important role in ecosystem material cycle and nutrient balance. However, there is a lack of ecological explanation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric relationships in forest ecosystems under the interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus factors, so it is impossible to predict and accurately evaluate the response characteristics of ecosystems to complex climate change. In this study, nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation experiments were carried out on Schima superba community in Zhejiang Tiantong subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest. There were four types of fertilization: CK: 0 kg N / hm 2 / yr, N: 100 kg N / hm 2 / yr, P: 50 kg P / m 2 / yr and N: 100 kg N / hm 2 / yr 50 kg P 路hm 2 / yr = 50 kg / hm ~ (2 / yr), P = 50 kg / hm ~ (2 / yr), respectively. The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation on the stoichiometric characteristics of soil, fine root and fine root-soil system were analyzed by sampling and physicochemical determination of soil and fine root in four seasons. The main results were as follows: (1) nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation had no significant effect on soil organic carbon and soil total N, but there was no significant change in soil total P under N treatment, P and NP treatments significantly increased soil total P; The changes of soil C: n and C: P were significantly related to soil total N and total P, respectively, but not to soil organic carbon, but soil N to P was significantly correlated with soil total N and total P, respectively. (2) nitrogen and phosphorus addition significantly increased soil fine root C content, but had no significant effect on fine root total N. N treatment had no significant effect on the total P content of fine roots, but P and NP treatments could significantly increase the total P content of fine roots. Under nitrogen and phosphorus addition, the change of C: n in fine root was mainly regulated by the total N content of fine root. The change of C: P in fine root was regulated by total C and total P of fine root, but the correlation with soil total P was stronger. The change of N: P in fine root was regulated by N and P in fine root. (3) the change of total P in fine root was strongly correlated with total P in soil, but there was no significant correlation between total C in fine root and organic carbon in soil, total N in fine root and total N in soil. Microbial biomass C ~ (2 +) was significantly correlated with soil organic carbon and soil total N, but there was no significant correlation between C _ (1) N and C _ (10) N. There was no significant correlation between microbial biomass C and fine root total C, microbial biomass N and fine root total N and their C: n. In conclusion, the effect of P treatment on soil and fine roots was more obvious than that of N treatment because of the P limitation in the study plots. There was a significant correlation between soil and microbial biomass under nitrogen and phosphorus treatment. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the study of ecological stoichiometry of terrestrial ecosystems under climate change in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S718.5

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