本文選題：鎘 + 硫化氫��； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鎘是毒性強、污染較普遍的重金屬,在土壤難以分解,但極易被根系吸收和積累,并可向果實和籽粒等產(chǎn)品器官遷移。一氧化氮和硫化氫對植物生長發(fā)育及其環(huán)境適應(yīng)性有調(diào)節(jié)作用。離子流動是其被根系吸收和積累的前提,本文以平邑甜茶幼苗為試材,在探討硫化氫和一氧化氮緩解鎘脅迫的基礎(chǔ)上,分析硫化氫和一氧化氮對鎘離子流的影響,主要結(jié)果如下:1.向營養(yǎng)液中添加H_2S供體NaHS(0.35mmol/L NaHS)可以提高平邑甜茶根系呼吸速率,降低膜質(zhì)過氧化產(chǎn)物丙二醛(MDA)含量,抑制葉綠素降解的速率,提高葉片光合性能,并在一定程度上促進平邑甜茶根系對鎘離子的外排作用,抑制平邑甜茶根系對鎘離子的吸收速率,從而降低根系中鎘離子含量。綜合分析表明,適當濃度的硫化氫可通過減少根系對鎘離子的吸收,緩解重金屬鎘對平邑甜茶幼苗的毒害作用。2.向營養(yǎng)液中添加NO供體SNP(50μmol/L)可以提高平邑甜茶根系呼吸速率,降低膜質(zhì)過氧化產(chǎn)物丙二醛(MDA)含量,抑制葉綠素降解的速率,提高葉片光合性能,并在一定程度上促進平邑甜茶根系對鎘離子的外排作用,抑制平邑甜茶根系對鎘離子的吸收速率,從而降低根系中鎘離子含量。綜合分析表明,適當濃度的一氧化氮可通過減少根系對鎘離子的吸收,緩解重金屬鎘對平邑甜茶幼苗的毒害作用。3.向營養(yǎng)液中添加NO供體SNP和H_2S供體NaHS,使營養(yǎng)液中含有50μmol/L的SNP和0.35mmol/L NaHS,可以減輕鎘離子對幼苗的離子毒害作用,促進鎘脅迫下平邑甜茶幼苗的生長。但其共同處理效果并達不到分別處理的加和作用,有意思的是適當濃度的cPTIO可抑制他們處理的緩解作用。綜合分析表明,適當濃度的一氧化氮和硫化氫可通過減少根系對鎘離子的吸收,緩解重金屬鎘對平邑甜茶幼苗的毒害作用,而一氧化氮抑制劑能抑制這一作用。4.硫化氫和一氧化氮對平邑甜茶鹽脅迫下Na~+、K~+離子吸收的流速變化,利用非損傷微測技術(shù)測定鹽脅迫下平邑甜茶幼苗根系對Na~+、K~+離子吸收流速變化,結(jié)果表明,鹽脅迫會促進根系對Na~+離子的吸收,K~+離子的外排,添加NaHS和SNP會促進Na~+離子的外排和K~+離子的吸收,減少Na~+離子的吸收和K~+離子的外排作用,促進Na~+、K~+離子平衡,從而更好的維護植株生長。
[Abstract]:Cadmium is a highly toxic and polluted heavy metal, which is difficult to decompose in soil, but it is easily absorbed and accumulated by roots, and can migrate to fruit and grain. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide regulate plant growth and environmental adaptability. Ion flow is the premise of absorption and accumulation by roots. In this paper, the effects of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide on cadmium ion flow were analyzed on the basis of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide. The main results are as follows: 1. Adding H2S donor NaHS (0.35 mmol / L NaHS) to the nutrient solution could increase the root respiration rate, decrease the content of MDA, inhibit the rate of chlorophyll degradation, and improve the photosynthetic performance of leaves. To a certain extent, it can promote the efflux of cadmium ions in the roots of sweet tea of Pingyi, inhibit the absorption rate of cadmium ions in the roots of sweet tea of Pingyi, and thus reduce the content of cadmium ions in the roots. The comprehensive analysis shows that the proper concentration of hydrogen sulfide can reduce the absorption of cadmium ion by roots and alleviate the toxic effect of heavy metal cadmium on the seedlings of sweet tea of Pingyi. Adding no donor SNP (50 渭 mol / L) to the nutrient solution could increase the root respiration rate, decrease the content of MDA, inhibit the rate of chlorophyll degradation, and improve the photosynthetic performance of leaves. To a certain extent, it can promote the efflux of cadmium ions in the roots of sweet tea of Pingyi, inhibit the absorption rate of cadmium ions in the roots of sweet tea of Pingyi, and thus reduce the content of cadmium ions in the roots. The comprehensive analysis showed that the proper concentration of nitric oxide could reduce the absorption of cadmium ion by roots and alleviate the toxic effect of heavy metal cadmium on the seedlings of sweet tea. Adding no donor SNP and H2S donor NaHS to the nutrient solution, the nutrient solution contained 50 渭 mol / L SNP and 0.35 mmol / L NaHS, which could reduce the ion toxicity of cadmium ion to seedlings and promote the growth of Pingyi sweet tea seedling under cadmium stress. However, the effect of co-treatment is not equal to the additive effect of separate treatment. It is interesting that the appropriate concentration of cPTIO can inhibit the mitigation of their treatment. The comprehensive analysis showed that the proper concentration of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide could reduce the absorption of cadmium ion by roots, and alleviate the toxic effect of heavy metal cadmium on the seedlings of sweet tea of Pingyi, but the inhibitor of nitric oxide could inhibit this action. The changes of velocity of absorption of Na ~ + K ~ + by hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide under salt stress in Pingyi sweet tea seedlings were determined by using non-damage micrometer technique. The results showed that the absorption velocity of Na ~ (2 +) K ~ + in roots of sweet tea seedlings under salt stress was higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). Salt stress can promote the absorption of Na ~ + by roots, and the addition of NaHS and SNP can promote the efflux of Na ~ + and K ~ +, reduce the absorption of Na ~ + and efflux of K ~ +, and promote the equilibrium of Na ~ +. In order to better maintain plant growth.
【學位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S661.1

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本文編號：2054495