本文選題：玉米 + 地埋式滴灌�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文以內(nèi)蒙古赤峰地區(qū)為研究背景,進(jìn)行了地埋式滴灌玉米灌溉制度和滴灌帶間距、埋深和滴頭流量工程技術(shù)參數(shù)優(yōu)選田間小區(qū)試驗(yàn),旨在通過研究不同滴灌帶布設(shè)方式和不同灌水定額條件下,玉米株高、莖粗以及產(chǎn)量的變化,分析研究地埋式滴灌玉米的耗水量及耗水規(guī)律變化,為赤峰市乃至西遼河地區(qū)玉米地埋式滴灌工程建設(shè)和灌水管理提供技術(shù)支持。通過試驗(yàn)和分析,論文主要得出如下結(jié)論:1.玉米生長(zhǎng)大致可分為緩慢生長(zhǎng)期、快速生長(zhǎng)期和緩慢生長(zhǎng)期三個(gè)階段。不同生育期,地埋式滴灌玉米的主要耗水土層深度不同。緩苗期~苗期,0~20cm土層為主要耗水層,拔節(jié)期的主要耗水層為20~40cm,抽穗期到成熟期為20~60cm。地埋式滴灌玉米的耗水規(guī)律呈現(xiàn)出“小-大-小”的趨勢(shì),與土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)變化曲線相吻合。2.滴灌帶間距、埋深、滴頭流量及灌溉定額對(duì)株高、莖粗及產(chǎn)量均有一定的影響,從影響的程度來看,灌溉定額和滴灌帶埋深的影響要大于滴頭流量。3.地埋式滴灌玉米全生育期耗水量為304.15~467.01mm,耗水強(qiáng)度在2.14~3.29mm/d,灌溉定額越大,耗水量越大。4.產(chǎn)量與灌溉定額呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,但增長(zhǎng)的幅度會(huì)逐漸降低。2015年實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)生育期內(nèi)有效降雨為174.4mm,為干旱年,降雨頻率為85%,地埋式滴灌玉米適宜的灌溉定額為262.5mm,灌水次數(shù)為5次,產(chǎn)量為864.24kg/畝,水分利用效率為2.12kg/m~3。5.根據(jù)玉米產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率綜合分析,得出適宜于赤峰地區(qū)的玉米地埋式滴灌最優(yōu)技術(shù)參數(shù)為:滴頭流量1.38L/h,滴灌帶間距為0.8m,滴灌帶埋深為0.35m。此時(shí)的玉米實(shí)測(cè)產(chǎn)量達(dá)941kg/畝,水分利用效率2.65kg/m~3。
[Abstract]:Based on the background of the research in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia, the field plot experiment was carried out in this paper. The irrigation schedule, the spacing of drip irrigation zone, the depth of burying and the technical parameters of drip discharge engineering were selected. The purpose of this study was to study the changes of corn plant height, stem diameter and yield under different drip irrigation patterns and irrigation quotas, and to analyze the changes of water consumption and water consumption of buried drip irrigation maize. It provides technical support for the construction and irrigation management of maize buried drip irrigation project in Chifeng and even in Xiliaohe area. Through experiment and analysis, the paper draws the following conclusion: 1. Maize growth can be divided into three stages: slow growth, fast growth and slow growth. At different growth stages, the depth of main water-consuming soil layer of buried drip irrigation maize was different. The main water-consuming layer was 20cm in soil layer from slow seedling stage to seedling stage, 20 ~ 40 cm in jointing stage, and 20 ~ 60 cm in heading stage to maturity stage. The trend of water consumption of buried drip irrigation maize was "small, big and small", which coincided with the dynamic change curve of soil moisture. 2. The spacing of drip irrigation zone, depth of burying, drip discharge and irrigation quota had some effects on plant height, stem diameter and yield. From the degree of influence, the influence of irrigation quota and depth of drip irrigation zone was greater than that of drip irrigation flow. The water consumption of buried drip irrigation maize is 304.15 ~ 467.01 mm in the whole growth period, and the water consumption intensity is 2.14 ~ 3.29 mm / d. The larger the irrigation quota is, the greater the water consumption is. There was a positive correlation between yield and irrigation quota, but the range of increase would decrease gradually. In 2015, the effective rainfall was 174.4 mm, which was drought year, the rainfall frequency was 85 mm, the suitable irrigation quota was 262.5 mm and the irrigation times was 5 times. The yield is 864.24kg/ mu and the water use efficiency is 2.12kg / mc3.5. Based on the comprehensive analysis of maize yield and water use efficiency, the optimum technical parameters of maize buried drip irrigation in Chifeng area were obtained as follows: drip discharge 1.38 L / h, drip irrigation band spacing 0.8 m, and drip irrigation zone depth 0.35 m. At this time, the measured yield of maize is up to 941kg/ mu, and the water use efficiency is 2.65 kg / m ~ (3).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S513

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