本文選題：遼河口濕地 + 河蟹養(yǎng)殖�。� 參考：《中國海洋大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了查明遼河口蘆葦濕地河蟹養(yǎng)殖區(qū)營養(yǎng)鹽、COD的變化及水質(zhì)狀況,為水體污染阻控技術的研發(fā)提供基礎資料,并為葦田河蟹健康養(yǎng)殖提供參考依據(jù),本論文根據(jù)2014年4月、6月、7月、8月、9月在遼河口蘆葦濕地四個不同河蟹養(yǎng)殖區(qū)進行的調(diào)查實驗數(shù)據(jù),對各養(yǎng)殖區(qū)水體中營養(yǎng)鹽(氨氮、亞硝酸氮、硝酸氮、磷酸鹽、總氮、總磷)、COD以及底泥中的總氮、總磷的變化進行了分析,并運用綜合水質(zhì)標識指數(shù)Iwq和潛在性富營養(yǎng)化評價兩種評價方法對各養(yǎng)殖區(qū)不同時間的水質(zhì)狀況進行評價。主要研究結果如下：1.遼河口蘆葦濕地河蟹養(yǎng)殖區(qū)水體氨氮濃度變化范圍為0.04-1.25mg/L,在7月底達到最大值,9月值最小,且總體上表現(xiàn)為養(yǎng)殖區(qū)1、2的氨氮濃度高于養(yǎng)殖區(qū)3和4的值。各養(yǎng)殖區(qū)水體亞硝酸氮濃度均較低,變化范圍為0.0017-0.0147mg/L；四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)的變化情況不同,養(yǎng)殖區(qū)1、2、3、4亞硝酸氮濃度分別在9月、4月、6月、7月底最大,均在8月濃度最小。各養(yǎng)殖區(qū)的水體硝酸氮濃度在各調(diào)查時間均低于0.1 mg/L,整體的變化范圍為0.0015-0.0636 mg/L；養(yǎng)殖區(qū)1和2整體表現(xiàn)為先減后增趨勢,而養(yǎng)殖區(qū)3和4則大致呈先增后減的趨勢。四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)水體磷酸鹽濃度隨時間變化趨勢基本一致,大致呈先增后減趨勢,整體變化范圍為0.0024-0.0660 mg/L,在各調(diào)查時間均濃度較低�？偟獫舛茸兓秶鸀�0.65-6.88 mg/L,變幅較大,在6月或7月值最大,4月值最小�？偭诐舛茸兓秶鸀�0.05-0.31mg/L,7月中旬值最大,7月底值最小。四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)的COD變化趨勢大致相同,呈先增再減的趨勢；COD變化范圍為1.54-4.68 mg/L,7月中旬值最大,6月值較小。2.四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)在不同調(diào)查時間底泥中總氮的濃度變化范圍為1.282-7.048mg/g,變化幅度較大；總體表現(xiàn)為先增后減的趨勢,四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)底泥中總氮的濃度均在6月最大,4月和8月最小。四個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)底泥中總磷濃度在7月中旬和8月為兩個低值(0.726-0.947 mg/g),4月、7月底和9月為高值(0.780-1.638 mg/g)。3.就葦田河蟹養(yǎng)殖區(qū)水質(zhì)狀況而言：綜合水質(zhì)標識指數(shù)評價表明,7月底水質(zhì)狀況最差,均為Ⅲ類水或Ⅳ類水,4月水質(zhì)狀況最好;總氮為主要的污染因子。潛在性富營養(yǎng)化評價表明,葦田河蟹養(yǎng)殖區(qū)的水質(zhì)狀況在6月最差,4個養(yǎng)殖區(qū)均為富營養(yǎng)水平：4月和9月的水質(zhì)狀況最好,總體上水質(zhì)狀況均為貧營養(yǎng)水平。兩種評價方法結果基本一致,均為6月和7月水質(zhì)狀況最差,4月和9月水質(zhì)狀況較好。4.不同養(yǎng)殖模式下水質(zhì)狀況不同,建議葦田河蟹養(yǎng)殖過程中合理控制養(yǎng)殖密度和適當增加投喂間隔、定期清理環(huán)溝中的淤泥,旨在降低河蟹養(yǎng)殖污染,對改善水質(zhì)起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the change of nutrient salt and COD and the water quality in Reed wetland crab culture area of Liaohe estuary, to provide basic data for the research and development of water pollution prevention and control technology, and to provide reference basis for healthy breeding of river crab in Reed field. Based on the experimental data of four different river crab culture zones in Liaohe estuary Reed wetland in April, June, July, August and September, 2014, the nutrients (ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, phosphate, total nitrogen) in water of each breeding area were studied. The changes of total phosphorus COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in sediment were analyzed. Two evaluation methods, I. Q and potential eutrophication, were used to evaluate the water quality at different time. The main results are as follows: 1. In Liaohe estuary Reed wetland, the variation range of ammonia nitrogen concentration was 0.04-1.25 mg / L, which reached the maximum at the end of July and the lowest in September, and generally showed that the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1zao 2 was higher than that of 3 and 4 in the culture area. The concentration of nitrite was lower in each culture area, ranging from 0.0017 to 0.0147 mg / L, and the change of nitrogen nitrite concentration in the four zones was different. The concentration of nitrite was the highest in September, April, June and July, and the lowest in August. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen in each culture area was lower than 0.1 mg / L in each investigation time, and the whole range of change was 0.0015-0.0636 mg / L, while the whole of 1 and 2 showed the trend of decreasing first and then increasing, while that of 3 and 4 increased first and then decreased. The change trend of phosphate concentration with time in the four breeding areas was basically the same, which increased at first and then decreased, and the whole change range was 0.0024-0.0660 mg / L, and the concentration was lower in each investigation time. The variation range of total nitrogen concentration was 0.65-6.88 mg / L, which was the largest in June or July and the smallest in April. The variation range of total phosphorus concentration was 0.05-0.31 mg / L, and the maximum value in mid-July was the lowest at the end of July. The change trend of COD in the four breeding areas was about the same, the change range of COD was 1.54-4.68 mg / L, the value in mid-July was the largest, and the value in June was smaller. The change range of total nitrogen concentration in sediment was 1.282-7.048 mg / g at different investigation time, and the change range was larger, and the total nitrogen concentration in sediment increased first and then decreased. The concentration of total nitrogen in sediment was the highest in June, and the smallest in April and August. The total phosphorus concentration in sediment of four culture areas was 0.726-0.947 mg / g ~ (-1) in mid July and August, and 0.780-1.638 mg / g 路g ~ (-1) in April and September respectively. As far as the water quality in Reed crab culture area is concerned: the comprehensive water quality index evaluation shows that the water quality is the worst at the end of July, all of them are class 鈪，

本文編號：2036746