本文選題：汞 + 鈷�。� 參考：《安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：汞(Hg)是一種具有強(qiáng)烈毒性的全球性污染物,我國(guó)汞污染地區(qū)居民甲基汞(MeHg)攝入的重要途徑是食用稻米。汞暴露影響水稻對(duì)微量元素的吸收與蓄積,因此,探究微量元素特別是有益元素對(duì)水稻吸收與蓄積汞的影響有利于應(yīng)對(duì)汞污染。本論文主要探究了鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)兩種微量元素對(duì)不同形態(tài)汞在水稻植株內(nèi)的蓄積與轉(zhuǎn)化的影響,同時(shí)也研究了不同形態(tài)汞對(duì)水稻蓄積轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)鈷、鎳的影響。1.利用電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜(ICP-MS)、高效液相色譜-電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法(HPLC-ICP-MS)結(jié)合同步輻射-X射線近邊吸收譜(SR-XANES)、同步輻射-X射線熒光成像(SR-XRF)技術(shù)分析了不同形態(tài)汞暴露以及添加鈷后水稻組織中無機(jī)汞(IHg)和甲基汞的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、轉(zhuǎn)化情況,及Co-MeHg共同暴露下汞在水稻組織中的分布情況。研究結(jié)果表明,Co-IHg共同暴露下,鈷的添加促進(jìn)水稻根中汞的蓄積,抑制莖葉對(duì)汞的吸收。Co-MeHg共同暴露下,鈷的添加促進(jìn)水稻根和莖葉總汞含量,同時(shí)促進(jìn)汞由水稻根部向莖葉的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。鈷的添加未改變無機(jī)汞暴露下水稻組織中汞的形態(tài),但能夠促進(jìn)甲基汞暴露前期(8天)水稻根部甲基汞的去甲基化;隨著暴露時(shí)間的增加(16天后),鈷對(duì)水稻根部甲基汞去甲基化產(chǎn)生抑制。SR-XANES結(jié)果還表明水稻根中蓄積的甲基汞及無機(jī)汞或者是轉(zhuǎn)化生成的無機(jī)汞主要以同含巰基的生物分子結(jié)合的形式存在,如CH3Hg-SR和SR-Hg-SR。SRXRF結(jié)果表明鈷的添加使汞更多的分布在水稻根部中柱部位,但汞在莖葉中的分布變化不大。2.利用ICP-MS和HPLC-ICP-MS技術(shù)分析了不同形態(tài)汞暴露以及添加鎳后水稻組織中無機(jī)汞和甲基汞的吸收、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、轉(zhuǎn)化情況。結(jié)果表明,鎳的添加能夠促進(jìn)各暴露組水稻根和莖葉組織中總汞含量,且隨著鎳暴露濃度的增加,水稻組織總汞含量增加。Ni-IHg暴露時(shí),鎳的添加不改變水稻組織中汞的形態(tài);Ni-MeHg暴露時(shí),水稻根和莖葉中檢測(cè)到大量的無機(jī)汞,各暴露組水稻根中甲基汞含量隨著培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的增加逐漸降低,無機(jī)汞含量隨培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的增加而增加;水稻莖葉中無機(jī)汞與甲基汞含量均隨著培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的增加而增加。說明Ni-MeHg暴露時(shí)水稻植株內(nèi)發(fā)生了甲基汞的去甲基化,并且鎳的添加促進(jìn)水稻植株甲基汞去甲基化。3.利用ICP-MS分析了不同形態(tài)汞分別與鈷、鎳暴露時(shí)汞對(duì)水稻組織中鈷、鎳含量的影響。結(jié)果表明,添加無機(jī)汞時(shí),暴露早期汞增加水稻根部總鈷含量,隨培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的增加又會(huì)對(duì)水稻吸收鈷產(chǎn)生抑制作用;汞抑制水稻根部對(duì)鎳的吸收添加甲基汞時(shí),汞抑制水稻根部對(duì)鈷、鎳的吸收。除0.5MeHg+10Co暴露組莖葉中由于汞的添加鈷含量有所降低外,其余各暴露組在添加汞后莖葉中鈷、鎳含量增加。無論無機(jī)汞還是甲基汞,均能促進(jìn)鈷、鎳由水稻根部向莖葉部位的轉(zhuǎn)移,且甲基汞促進(jìn)作用較無機(jī)汞強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Hg) is a global pollutant with strong toxicity. The important way to ingest MeHg in mercury polluted areas of China is to eat rice. Mercury exposure affects the absorption and accumulation of trace elements in rice. Therefore, to explore the effects of trace elements, especially beneficial elements, on the absorption and accumulation of mercury in rice is helpful to deal with mercury pollution. In this paper, the effects of two kinds of trace elements on the accumulation and transformation of different forms of mercury in rice plants were studied, and the effects of different forms of mercury on the accumulation and transport of cobalt and nickel in rice were also studied. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MSM) and synchrotron radiation-X-ray near-edge absorption spectroscopy (SR-XANESX), different types of mercury storms were analyzed by synchrotron radiation-X-ray fluorescence imaging (SR-XRFs). Transport of inorganic mercury (IHg) and methylmercury in rice tissues after exposure and addition of cobalt, Transformation and distribution of mercury in rice tissues under co-exposure to Co-MeHg. The results showed that the addition of cobalt promoted the accumulation of mercury in rice roots, inhibited the uptake of mercury by stems and leaves, and promoted the total mercury content in roots and leaves of rice under Co-IHg exposure. At the same time, the transport of mercury from rice roots to stems and leaves was promoted. The addition of cobalt did not change the form of mercury in rice tissues exposed to inorganic mercury, but could promote the demethylation of methylmercury in rice roots after 8 days of exposure to methylmercury. After 16 days of exposure, cobalt inhibited methylmercury demethylation in rice roots. SR-XANES also showed that methylmercury and inorganic mercury accumulated in rice roots, or inorganic mercury generated by transformation, were mainly generated from mercapto-containing mercury. The form of molecular binding exists, The results of CH3Hg-SR and SR-Hg-SR.SRXRF showed that the addition of cobalt increased the distribution of mercury in the root column of rice, but the distribution of mercury in stem and leaf had little change. ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS techniques were used to analyze the absorption, transport and transformation of inorganic mercury and methylmercury in rice tissues after exposure to different forms of mercury and the addition of nickel. The results showed that the addition of nickel could promote the total mercury content in the root and stem and leaf tissues of rice exposed to nickel, and with the increase of nickel exposure concentration, the total mercury content of rice tissue increased. When the addition of nickel did not change the form of mercury in rice tissues, a large amount of inorganic mercury was detected in rice roots and stems and leaves, and the content of methylmercury in rice roots decreased with the increase of culture time. The contents of inorganic mercury and methylmercury in rice stem and leaf increased with the increase of culture time. The results showed that there was demethylation of methylmercury in rice plants under Ni-MeHg exposure, and the addition of nickel promoted demethylation of methylmercury in rice plants. The effects of different forms of mercury and cobalt on the content of cobalt and nickel in rice tissues were analyzed by ICP-MS. The results showed that when the inorganic mercury was added, the total cobalt content in the roots of rice was increased at the early stage of exposure, and the absorption of cobalt was inhibited with the increase of culture time, and when mercury inhibited the absorption of nickel from the roots of rice, the addition of methylmercury, Mercury inhibits the absorption of cobalt and nickel from the roots of rice. Except for the decrease of cobalt content in stem and leaf of 0.5 MeHg 10Co exposure group, the cobalt and nickel content in stem and leaf of other exposed groups increased after adding mercury. Both inorganic mercury and methylmercury could promote the transfer of cobalt and nickel from the root of rice to the stem and leaf, and the promotion of methylmercury was stronger than that of inorganic mercury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S511

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