本文選題：羊肚菌 + 栽培��； 參考：《西南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前羊肚菌大田栽培無科學(xué)栽培方法,且鮮有報(bào)道羊肚菌大田栽培對(duì)土壤酶的影響。本試驗(yàn)對(duì)羊肚菌栽培種培養(yǎng)條進(jìn)行了篩選、對(duì)羊肚菌栽培技術(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,建立了科學(xué)的羊肚菌栽培技術(shù)體系;測定了羊肚菌生長過程中土壤總碳、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、纖維素酶和過氧化氫酶活性的動(dòng)態(tài)變化;測定了羊肚菌栽培前后的土壤理化性質(zhì)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)小麥栽培種最優(yōu)培養(yǎng)條件為40%小麥、60%木屑、含水量60%、p H8.0、培養(yǎng)溫度25℃,此培養(yǎng)條件下羊肚菌菌絲活力旺盛,菌絲生長速度最快。羊肚菌栽培優(yōu)先選擇水稻土,其次選擇棕壤和黃壤,用種量為0.3 kg/m2,營養(yǎng)袋擺放數(shù)量為6個(gè)/m2,覆膜60d,出菇時(shí)土壤含水量控制在25%-30%,羊肚菌子實(shí)體產(chǎn)量較高。(2)出菇羊肚菌大田栽培的土壤蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、纖維素酶、過氧化氫酶活性隨著種植時(shí)間的增長呈現(xiàn)出其獨(dú)有的規(guī)律性的變化;蔗糖酶和纖維素酶活性隨時(shí)間的延長先增加后降低,淀粉酶活性則是先降低再升高后降低,而過氧化氫酶活性的變化趨勢和淀粉酶活性變化趨勢恰恰相反。種植前土壤酶活性水平的高低并不影響羊肚菌種植后土壤酶的變化趨勢,同一羊肚菌菌株在相同性質(zhì)土壤內(nèi)生長,各個(gè)酶活性隨時(shí)間的延長,其變化程度也十分接近;而在不同類型的土壤內(nèi)生長,土壤酶的變化趨勢大致相同,但對(duì)土壤酶活性的影響可能不同。(3)受污染和未出菇羊肚菌栽培大田內(nèi)土壤酶活性的變化與出菇羊肚菌栽培大田的土壤酶變化規(guī)律迥然不同,所以測定土壤酶活性可能作為檢驗(yàn)羊肚菌生長過程中是否正常的一種手段。(4)羊肚菌大田栽培可能會(huì)降低土壤酶活性、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、速效鉀含量等,所以羊肚菌人工栽培需要與農(nóng)作物栽培進(jìn)行輪作,合理施肥,以保持土壤肥力均衡。
[Abstract]:At present, there is no scientific cultivation method for Morchella in the field, and there are few reports on the effect of the cultivation on soil enzyme. In this experiment, the cultivation strip of Morchella was screened, the cultivation technique of Morchella was optimized, the scientific cultivation technique system was established, the total carbon, sucrose enzyme, amylase of soil during the growth process of Morchella were determined. The dynamic changes of cellulase and catalase activities and the physical and chemical properties of soil before and after cultivation were determined. The results were as follows: (1) the optimum culture conditions of wheat cultivars were as follows: 40% wheat sawdust, 60% water content and 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1999539