本文選題：噻蟲啉 + 拌種��； 參考：《山東農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：噻蟲啉是繼吡蟲啉之后的第2代新煙堿類殺蟲劑,除具有殺蟲作用外還能刺激作物生長、提高抗病性、誘導植株的多種生理變化等。麥蚜是小麥田重要害蟲,分布廣、食性雜、繁殖力強,可造成小麥減產甚至絕產。此外,麥蚜還可以傳播多種麥類毒素病�，F(xiàn)在應用在小麥拌種中用來防治麥蚜的主要新煙堿類殺蟲劑是吡蟲啉和噻蟲嗪,但是研究表明吡蟲啉和噻蟲嗪對麥蚜天敵和蜜蜂等非靶標生物表現(xiàn)為高毒作用,而噻蟲啉對蜜蜂低毒,對蜜蜂安全。本課題主要研究噻蟲啉拌種對小麥生理生長和產量的作用,以及噻蟲啉拌種及噴霧條件下對麥蚜防治效果和對麥蚜天敵的影響。本試驗主要研究了室內條件和大田條件下,噻蟲啉拌種對小麥萌發(fā)和生理生長以及產量的影響;大田條件下又采用噻蟲啉對小麥拌種與噴霧相結合的方法,研究對麥蚜的防效和對麥蚜天敵的影響。室內測定了噻蟲啉對麥蚜和瓢蟲的活性。為噻蟲啉在小麥上的應用提供理論支持。1.研究了噻蟲啉拌種對小麥萌發(fā)和種子活力以及小麥幼苗的生理生長作用。研究結果表明噻蟲啉用量24g a.i./10kg種子劑量下對小麥發(fā)芽勢、發(fā)芽率沒有不良影響,能顯著提高小麥發(fā)芽指數(shù)和活力指數(shù)。也能明顯提高小麥幼苗葉綠素含量、根系活力以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)等保護酶的活性。說明噻蟲啉拌種能提高小麥幼苗的防御能力,增強小麥抗逆性,降低小麥傷害程度,減少植株細胞的膜脂過氧化水平,使幼苗生長得到顯著提高。2.室內條件下采用小麥水培的方法,對麥蚜分別采用浸漬法和內吸法研究噻蟲啉對麥蚜防治的有效用量;對麥蚜天敵異色瓢蟲分別采用成蟲藥膜法和幼蟲點滴法研究噻蟲啉對瓢蟲的毒力作用。結果顯示噻蟲啉對麥蚜有很好的活性;且對麥蚜天敵異色瓢蟲的危害要小于吡蟲啉。3.大田實驗,研究了噻蟲啉拌種對小麥生長、產量的促進作用和對麥蚜防效以及天敵的影響。試驗結果顯示:噻蟲啉用量24g a.i./10kg種子劑量下效果最佳,有促進小麥根長,增加根數(shù)、根冠比、分蘗數(shù)和地上、地下鮮種的作用,可以明顯增加小麥的穗數(shù)、穗粒數(shù)、千粒重和小麥產量;試驗結果顯示噻蟲啉拌種可以通過改善成膜劑來延長藥劑對麥蚜防治的持效期。試驗濃度下對大田小麥進行葉面噴霧處理后對麥蚜有很好的防效,并且對麥蚜天敵蚜繭蜂的危害比吡蟲啉小。
[Abstract]:Thiacloprid is the second generation of new nicotinic insecticides after imidacloprid, which not only can stimulate crop growth, improve disease resistance, but also induce many physiological changes of plants. Wheat aphid is an important pest in wheat field. In addition, wheat aphids can also spread a variety of wheat toxoid disease. The main new nicotinic insecticides used in wheat seed dressing are imidacloprid and thiamizine, but studies have shown that imidacloprid and thiamizine are highly toxic to non-target organisms such as wheat aphids and bees. Thiazoline is low toxic to bees and safe to bees. The main purpose of this study was to study the effects of seed dressing with thiaprophyrin on the physiological growth and yield of wheat, and the effects of seed dressing and spraying on the control of wheat aphid and the natural enemies of wheat aphid. In this experiment, the effects of thiazoline seed dressing on wheat germination, physiological growth and yield under indoor and field conditions were studied. To study the control effect on wheat aphid and the effect on natural enemy of wheat aphid. The activity of thiazoline against wheat aphid and ladybug was determined in laboratory. To provide theoretical support for the application of thiazoline in wheat. The effects of thiazoline seed dressing on wheat germination, seed vigor and physiological growth of wheat seedlings were studied. The results showed that the dosage of thiazoline (24g a.i./10kg) had no adverse effect on the germinating potential and germination rate of wheat, and could significantly improve the germination index and vigor index of wheat. It also increased the chlorophyll content, root activity and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) in wheat seedlings. The results showed that seed dressing with thiazoline could improve the defense ability of wheat seedlings, enhance wheat resistance, reduce the degree of wheat injury, reduce the level of membrane lipid peroxidation of plant cells, and increase seedling growth significantly. The effective dosage of thiazoline on wheat aphid control was studied by dipping method and internal absorption method respectively under indoor conditions by using wheat hydroponic method. The virulence of thiaprophyrin to ladybird beetle was studied by the method of adult membrane and larva drip respectively to the natural enemy of wheat aphid. The results showed that thiazoline had good activity against wheat aphids and was less harmful to the natural enemy of wheat aphids than imidacloprid. 3. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of seed dressing with thiamethrin on wheat growth, yield, wheat aphid control and natural enemies. The results showed that the effects of 24g a.i./10kg seed dosage on wheat root length, root number, root / shoot ratio, tiller number and fresh seeds above ground and underground could increase the number of spikes and grains per spike. The results showed that seed dressing with thiazoline could prolong the duration of the control of wheat aphid by improving the film forming agent. Under the experimental concentration, spraying the leaves of wheat in the field had a good control effect on the wheat aphid, and the damage to the natural enemy of the wheat aphid, the cocoon, was less than that of imidacloprid.
【學位授予單位】：山東農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S435.122.2

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 杜玉紅;孫文新;;基于計算機視覺技術的玉米葉綠素含量檢測研究[J];農機化研究;2017年08期

2 孫振宇;;淺析種子包衣的優(yōu)點及存在問題[J];種子科技;2017年02期

3 華智銳;李小玲;;鹽旱交叉脅迫對小麥種子萌發(fā)及幼苗保護酶活性的影響[J];江西農業(yè)學報;2017年02期

4 王思宇;吳舸;樊高瓊;胡雯媚;鄭文;王強生;朱杰;;四川小麥分蘗冗余及理想群體構成研究[J];麥類作物學報;2017年02期

5 趙飛;張苗;李霞;王蕊輝;李紅麗;;不同濃度噻蟲嗪種子處理懸浮劑防治小麥蚜蟲效果研究[J];種子科技;2016年11期

6 于曉慶;張帥;宋姝娥;朱慶榮;謝傳峰;嵇儉;高希武;;小麥蚜蟲對六種殺蟲劑的抗藥性及田間藥效評價[J];昆蟲學報;2016年11期

7 張光宏;宋韶帥;;澠池地區(qū)春季麥蚜種群數(shù)量動態(tài)及天敵追隨現(xiàn)象研究[J];安徽農學通報;2016年20期

8 魏會廷;李俊;向運佳;李朝蘇;張鴻;湯永祿;楊武云;;吡蟲啉拌種對不同小麥品種萌發(fā)的影響[J];種子;2016年07期

9 胡金梅;;淺析小麥蚜蟲的發(fā)生特點及防治措施[J];中國農業(yè)信息;2016年14期

10 張夢晗;楊換玲;郭線茹;雷彩燕;閆鳳鳴;;吡蟲啉種衣劑對小麥種子萌發(fā)和幼苗生長的影響及相關生理機制[J];河南農業(yè)科學;2015年08期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 石緒根;棉蚜對吡蟲啉抗性機理的研究[D];山東農業(yè)大學;2012年

相關碩士學位論文 前6條

1 郎立寧;吡蟲啉種衣劑對小麥蚜蟲的防效及其在小麥上的消解動態(tài)[D];河北農業(yè)大學;2014年

2 董颯;噻蟲啉對南方根結線蟲和煙粉虱的控制作用及對土壤酶活性的影響[D];山東農業(yè)大學;2014年

3 楊帆;龜紋瓢蟲、七星瓢蟲與異色瓢蟲之間的集團內捕食作用[D];揚州大學;2014年

4 高志山;吡蟲啉等種子包衣防治小麥蚜蟲及其持效機理初探[D];山東農業(yè)大學;2013年

5 張丹莉;噻蟲啉在黃瓜和土壤中的檢測方法及殘留研究[D];長安大學;2011年

6 杜光玲;種衣劑合成成膜劑的優(yōu)選研究[D];河北農業(yè)大學;2002年

，

本文編號：1970792