發(fā)布時間：2018-06-02 11:28

  本文選題：污泥堆肥 + 改性調(diào)理劑　； 參考：《河南工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,市政污水的產(chǎn)生量與日俱增,同時導(dǎo)致了污泥的大量產(chǎn)生。污泥如不經(jīng)過有效處置,會對環(huán)境以及人類健康產(chǎn)生不可預(yù)估的威脅。近年來,好氧發(fā)酵技術(shù)在我國發(fā)展迅速,成為國內(nèi)主流的污泥資源化處置方式。污泥好氧堆肥過程中必需添加調(diào)理劑以降低初始物料的含水率、增加孔隙率和C/N,調(diào)節(jié)pH等,提高其降解性以滿足必要的發(fā)酵條件。依據(jù)物料不同的性質(zhì)及發(fā)酵過程參數(shù),許多學(xué)者研究了不同功能的調(diào)理劑對污泥發(fā)酵的影響。針對污泥好氧發(fā)酵過程中大量氮素?fù)p失問題,已有很多報道。本課題立足于改性調(diào)理劑與物料間的相互作用,探明了調(diào)理劑靜態(tài)模擬吸附氨氣的動力學(xué)機制;從與氮素作用相關(guān)的微生物群落,探究了常規(guī)指標(biāo)的變化及調(diào)理劑循環(huán)利用對污泥好氧發(fā)酵以及氮素遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響。實驗結(jié)果如下:(1)調(diào)理劑對氨氣的吸附擬合最接近一級動力學(xué)模型;隨著初始氨氣濃度的增加,調(diào)理劑對氨氣的吸附容量增加,調(diào)理劑經(jīng)過改性加快了對氨氣吸附,在30℃時2.5m L同體積氨水與NaOH(1mol/L)溶液反應(yīng)條件下,酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑及中性浸泡改性調(diào)理劑對氨氣的吸附容量較未改性調(diào)理劑分別增加7.1%、10.7%;隨著溫度的升高,調(diào)理劑對氨氣的吸附容量先升高后降低,溫度為40℃時,3種調(diào)理劑對氨氣的吸附容量最大分別達到263.3cm3/kg、279.0 cm3/kg、282.4 cm3/kg;調(diào)理劑含水率對氨氣的吸附容量影響較小,且吸附容量隨含水率的升高先增加后降低,未改性調(diào)理劑含水率為30%時,吸附容量最大為294.7 cm3/kg。(2)添加改性調(diào)理劑能夠顯著降低污泥好氧發(fā)酵過程中氨氣釋放量,其中添加酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加中性浸泡改性調(diào)理劑工況較添加未改性調(diào)理劑工況氨氣釋放量分別降低72.4%、68.0%,總氮損失分別降低28.9%、22.7%,顯著降低氮素?fù)p失。添加未改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加中性浸泡改性調(diào)理劑工況有機質(zhì)降解量分別為9.9%、8.7%、12.8%,添加酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑工況有機質(zhì)降解較差,pH影響整個堆體中的微生物活性。(3)調(diào)理劑循環(huán)利用可以作為生物載體發(fā)揮生物接種劑的功能,明顯縮短堆體到達高溫期的時間并使高溫期持續(xù)時間最長延長至8天,經(jīng)過改性的調(diào)理劑回用能夠增加對氮素的固定,增強保氮作用,其中添加酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加中性浸泡改性調(diào)理劑工況較添加未改性調(diào)理劑工況氨氣釋放量分別降低50.4%、40.9%,總氮損失分別降低50.4%、32.4%。添加未改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加酸堿復(fù)合改性調(diào)理劑工況、添加中性浸泡改性調(diào)理劑工況有機質(zhì)降低量分別為16.6%、17.8%、19.6%,比第1次堆肥3種工況有機質(zhì)降低量降低9.9%、8.7%、12.8%顯著增高,說明調(diào)理劑回用增強了微生物對有機質(zhì)的降解。
[Abstract]:At present, the amount of municipal sewage is increasing day by day, resulting in a large amount of sludge. If sludge is not disposed of effectively, it will pose an unpredictable threat to the environment and human health. In recent years, aerobic fermentation technology has developed rapidly in China and become the mainstream disposal method of sludge resource. In the process of aerobic composting of sludge, it is necessary to add conditioning agent to reduce the moisture content of the initial material, increase the porosity and C / N, adjust the pH, and improve its degradability to meet the necessary fermentation conditions. According to the different properties of materials and the parameters of fermentation process, many scholars have studied the effects of different functions of conditioning agents on sludge fermentation. There have been many reports on nitrogen loss during aerobic fermentation of sludge. Based on the interaction between modifier and material, the dynamic mechanism of static simulated adsorption of ammonia with modifier was investigated. The effects of the change of conventional indexes and the recycling of conditioning agents on aerobic fermentation and nitrogen transfer and transformation of sludge were investigated. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the adsorption of ammonia by the conditioner is the closest to the first-order kinetic model; with the increase of the initial ammonia concentration, the adsorption capacity of the conditioning agent on ammonia increases, and the modification of the conditioner accelerates the adsorption of ammonia. At 30 鈩，

本文編號：1968596