本文選題：楊樹豐產(chǎn)林 + 成本效益��； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：楊樹豐產(chǎn)林是我國北方重要的防護(hù)林樹種,不僅能夠?yàn)閰^(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)提供防護(hù)作用,而且還是木材、板材產(chǎn)業(yè)的主要原材料之一。臨沂市蘭山區(qū)擁有成熟的板材加工產(chǎn)業(yè)和豐富的楊樹豐產(chǎn)林資源,但是在近幾年的新增造林?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)中顯示,楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的新增種植面積日益減少,經(jīng)濟(jì)林樹種的種植面積增多。在土地流轉(zhuǎn)租金日益高漲,營造楊樹豐產(chǎn)林直接收益少的形勢(shì)下,楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的造林積極性受到極大的影響。本文應(yīng)用成本效益分析法對(duì)蘭山區(qū)100畝的楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的成本收益、生態(tài)效益和社會(huì)效益進(jìn)行全面分析,并與相同立地條件下的經(jīng)濟(jì)林樹種進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,得出楊樹豐產(chǎn)林項(xiàng)目的NPV=-106124.2元,平均每年虧本10612.4元,呈現(xiàn)負(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。然而,楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的種植是一項(xiàng)造福社會(huì)的生態(tài)項(xiàng)目,存在巨大的生態(tài)效益與社會(huì)效益,本文運(yùn)用替代成本法對(duì)碳匯、制氧、凈化空氣、涵養(yǎng)水源、保育土壤、防風(fēng)固沙、降溫增濕等效益以及社會(huì)效益中的帶動(dòng)剩余勞動(dòng)力、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)、精準(zhǔn)扶貧、美化環(huán)境、社會(huì)進(jìn)步等效益進(jìn)行評(píng)估,得出項(xiàng)目生態(tài)效益936276元,社會(huì)效益66030元。在環(huán)境保護(hù)問題日益嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì)下,楊樹豐產(chǎn)林造林項(xiàng)目雖然在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是虧本的,但是能夠創(chuàng)造出區(qū)域環(huán)境的正外部性效益,是可持續(xù)發(fā)展所急需的,應(yīng)該采取相應(yīng)措施促進(jìn)楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的發(fā)展。改變目前楊樹豐產(chǎn)林種植萎縮的局面,要從政策方面大力支持楊樹豐產(chǎn)林種植;主要包括提高楊樹豐產(chǎn)林的種植補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn);有針對(duì)性的發(fā)放林業(yè)貼息、低息貸款;促進(jìn)林地復(fù)合經(jīng)營;板材企業(yè)與林農(nóng)簽訂合作協(xié)議聯(lián)合共同發(fā)展等。
[Abstract]:Poplar high yield forest is one of the most important shelterbelts in the north of China, which can not only provide protection for regional ecosystem, but also is one of the main raw materials for wood and plate industry. There are mature plank processing industry and abundant poplar high yield forest resources in Lanshan District of Linyi City. However, in recent years, the new planting area of poplar high yield forest is decreasing, and the planting area of economic forest species is increasing. Under the situation that the rent of land circulation is higher and the direct income of high yielding poplar forest is less, the enthusiasm of afforestation of poplar high yield forest is greatly affected. In this paper, the cost benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit of 100 mu high yield poplar forest in Lanshan District were analyzed by cost benefit analysis, and compared with the economic forest species under the same site condition. The NPV=-106124.2 yuan of poplar high yield forest project was obtained, with an average loss of 10612.4 yuan per year, showing negative economic benefits. However, the planting of poplar high yield forest is an ecological project that benefits the society, and there are enormous ecological benefits and social benefits. In this paper, the alternative cost method is applied to carbon sink, oxygen production, air purification, water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation. The benefits of cooling and humidifying and driving surplus labor in social benefit, disaster prevention and mitigation, accurate poverty alleviation, beautification of environment and social progress are evaluated, and the ecological benefit of the project is 936276 yuan and the social benefit is 66030 yuan. Under the increasingly severe environmental protection situation, although the afforestation project of poplar high-yield forest is losing money in economy, it can create positive externality benefit of regional environment, which is urgently needed for sustainable development. Corresponding measures should be taken to promote the development of poplar forest. In order to change the current situation of poplar high yield forest planting and shrinking, we should support poplar high yield forest planting from the policy aspect, mainly include raising the planting subsidy standard of poplar high yield forest, offering forestry discount interest and low interest loan; To promote the complex management of woodland; plank enterprises and forest farmers signed cooperation agreement joint development and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F326.27;F302.6

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