本文選題：玉米 + 耐旱性�。� 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：干旱等非生物脅迫,是造成世界玉米糧食產(chǎn)量減少的重要原因之一。由于環(huán)境條件、土壤保水能力、植物自身的耐旱能力薄弱,不足以維持植物生長發(fā)育所需要的水分,從而影響最終產(chǎn)量。近年來國內(nèi)外學者在玉米耐旱的生理機制、遺傳變異和應激反應等方面已經(jīng)做了較為深入的研究。本文利用課題組所提供的玉米基因組重測序結果與轉錄組測序結果,對通過文獻閱讀所搜集的玉米相關耐旱基因SNP位點進行查找,并通過國內(nèi)常用玉米自交系對其SNP變異位點進行驗證,后結合表型數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)掘等位基因耐旱功能變異位點。主要研究結果如下:1.通過對玉米耐旱相關的文獻資料的閱讀,收集到玉米、水稻、擬南芥、大麥4個不同物種的耐旱相關功能候選基因共99個。其中玉米耐旱相關功能候選基因53個,水稻耐旱相關功能候選基因33個,擬南芥耐旱相關功能候選基因9個,大麥耐旱相關功能候選基因4個。除玉米外其他物種的耐旱相關功能候選基因,通過NCBI查找其相似性與覆蓋率大于70%的玉米同源基因,同時收集99個耐旱相關功能候選基因的位置、大小、作用部位、代謝途徑等信息。根據(jù)所搜集基因的注冊信息和物理位置,在基因組重測序結果和轉錄組測序結果中,查詢99個耐旱基因的SNP。結果發(fā)現(xiàn),有19個基因在基因組重測序結果中存在SNP,62個基因在轉錄組測序結果中存在SNP。2.ZmRAV1基因全長為1787bp,位于第3染色體,共有1個SNP。該基因編碼了一個擁有2個不同DNA結合域(AP2和B3)的轉錄因子,作用于植物的細胞核,且在脫水、高鹽、ABA脅迫條件下表現(xiàn)為上調(diào)。利用我國常用的214份玉米自交系,對該基因SNP位點進行擴增和測序。將實驗所得測序結果與玉米自交系的表型數(shù)據(jù)整合后進行關聯(lián)分析,結果表明:有2個性狀與耐旱性顯著關聯(lián)(p0.05),這兩個顯著關聯(lián)的性狀分別為正常灌溉條件下的雌雄開花間隔(ASI)與干旱脅迫條件下的行粒數(shù)(KerN)。
[Abstract]:Abiotic stress, such as drought, is one of the important reasons for the decrease of corn grain production in the world. Because of environmental conditions, soil water retention capacity and drought tolerance of plants, it is not enough to maintain the water needed for plant growth and development, thus affecting the final yield. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have done more in-depth research on physiological mechanism, genetic variation and stress response of maize drought tolerance. Based on the results of genome resequencing and transcriptome sequencing provided by our research group, the SNP loci of maize related drought tolerance genes collected through literature reading were searched. The SNP mutation sites of maize inbred lines in China were verified, and the functional variation sites of allele drought tolerance were discovered with phenotypic data. The main results are as follows: 1. Based on the literature of drought tolerance in maize, 99 candidate genes were collected for drought tolerance in maize, rice, Arabidopsis thaliana and barley. Among them, 53 candidate genes for drought tolerance in maize, 33 in rice, 9 in Arabidopsis thaliana and 4 in barley. The candidate genes of drought tolerance related function of other species except maize were found by NCBI, and the homologous genes of maize with coverage of more than 70% were found, and the location, size and action site of 99 candidate genes related to drought tolerance were collected. Metabolic pathways and other information. According to the registered information and physical location of the genes collected, the SNPs of 99 drought-tolerant genes were queried in the results of genome re-sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that there were 19 SNPs in genome resequencing and 62 SNPs in transcriptome sequencing. The total length of SNPs was 1787 BP, which was located on chromosome 3, and there was 1 SNPs in total. The gene encodes a transcription factor with two different DNA binding domains AP2 and B3, acting on the nuclei of plants, and it is up-regulated under dehydration and high salt stress. The SNP loci of this gene were amplified and sequenced from 214 maize inbred lines in China. The results of sequencing were combined with phenotypic data of maize inbred lines. The results showed that there were two traits significantly associated with drought tolerance (p0.05). The two traits were the male and female flowering interval (ASI) under normal irrigation and the grain number per row (KerN) under drought stress.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 牛義嶺;姜秀明;許向陽;;植物轉錄因子MYB基因家族的研究進展[J];分子植物育種;2016年08期

2 隆文杰;雷涌濤;周國雁;伍少云;蔡青;;玉米種質(zhì)資源抗旱性鑒定研究進展[J];江西農(nóng)業(yè)學報;2016年03期

3 田義;張彩霞;康國棟;李武興;張利益;叢佩華;;植物TGA轉錄因子研究進展[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2016年04期

4 張鳳啟;趙霞;丁勇;趙發(fā)欣;唐保軍;;玉米耐旱性研究進展[J];中國農(nóng)學通報;2015年30期

5 李葉蓓;陶洪斌;王若男;張萍;吳春江;雷鳴;張巽;王璞;;干旱對玉米穗發(fā)育及產(chǎn)量的影響[J];中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學報;2015年04期

6 楊澤峰;張恩盈;蔣瑩;徐揚;潘亮;陳慶;徐辰武;;玉米耐旱相關基因dbf1的序列變異分析[J];玉米科學;2014年05期

7 樸明鑫;李成;金峰學;李曉輝;楊德光;;玉米耐旱鑒定研究進展[J];玉米科學;2013年04期

8 李鵬飛;孫小明;趙昕奕;;近50年中國干旱半干旱地區(qū)降水量與潛在蒸散量分析[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2012年07期

9 黃國賓;張曉海;楊雙龍;李軍營;徐超華;榮智媛;楊利云;龔明;;滲透調(diào)節(jié)參與循環(huán)干旱鍛煉提高煙草植株抗旱性的形成[J];植物生理學報;2012年05期

10 翁凌云;;我國玉米生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展對策分析[J];中國食物與營養(yǎng);2010年01期

相關博士學位論文 前5條

1 潘振;轉錄因子ABP9增強玉米非生物脅迫耐受性的相關研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2015年

2 李軍濤;近紅外反射光譜快速評定玉米和小麥營養(yǎng)價值的研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2014年

3 馬延華;玉米發(fā)芽至苗期耐冷性資源鑒定及遺傳分析[D];沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2013年

4 李志亮;玉米蛋白激酶基因ZmPti1、ZmPti1-1和ZmCIPK2的抗旱功能分析[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2011年

5 楊虎;20世紀中國玉米種業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2011年

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 曹丹;不同抗性玉米品種苗期干旱及復水過程中的生理響應[D];中國科學院研究生院（教育部水土保持與生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心）;2015年

2 穆延召;玉米耐旱相關基因ZmHDZIV13和ZmHDZIV14的克隆、分析及表達載體構建[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2013年

，

本文編號：1938933