發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-26 15:08

  本文選題：水稻直播 + 漏播監(jiān)測(cè)��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水稻直播機(jī)的播種機(jī)構(gòu),一般由同類型的播種箱及傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成,不同壟行播種箱之間或者播種箱與中央監(jiān)測(cè)室(駕駛室)之間相隔距離較近,數(shù)量較多,在作業(yè)過(guò)程中容易因土地表面不平度高、旋耕留茬較多、以及機(jī)械振動(dòng)、泥漿(土塊)堵塞排種管等因素造成漏播,影響作業(yè)效率,增加補(bǔ)苗人工成本,阻礙直播技術(shù)發(fā)展。本文結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外排種監(jiān)測(cè)的研究動(dòng)態(tài),采用多點(diǎn)之間靈活通信的ZigBee無(wú)線傳輸方式,利用光電傳感器組成監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò),根據(jù)稻種通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)覆蓋區(qū)域?qū)饩�的遮擋,判斷排種情況,提醒駕駛員排種裝置故障,及時(shí)解決漏播問(wèn)題,助力水稻直播技術(shù)發(fā)展和推廣。論文取得的主要研究成果及結(jié)論如下:通過(guò)對(duì)排種監(jiān)測(cè)裝置研究現(xiàn)狀的分析,尤其是水稻直播監(jiān)測(cè)裝置存在問(wèn)題的判斷,.經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)幾種短距離無(wú)線通信技術(shù)的比較,結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)選擇、協(xié)議棧功能設(shè)計(jì)等ZigBee無(wú)線傳輸技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)研究,擬定本裝置基于ZigBee技術(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)方案,滿足功能需求,節(jié)約制造成本;通過(guò)對(duì)水稻直播機(jī)排種性能評(píng)價(jià)和監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)需求的分析,依托IAR集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境對(duì)裝置軟件部分進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā),確定裝置主程序流程及上位機(jī)、下位機(jī)程序功能的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),進(jìn)一步完成裝置參數(shù)設(shè)置與顯示模塊、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)與控制模塊以及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸與報(bào)警模塊的設(shè)計(jì)與搭建;通過(guò)對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)裝置整體結(jié)構(gòu)和稻種在監(jiān)測(cè)裝置內(nèi)受力分析與試驗(yàn),確定傳感器的選型,進(jìn)行了傳感器覆蓋性能試驗(yàn)論證,同時(shí)對(duì)固定部件工作性能和影響因素進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)其重要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化;通過(guò)室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)和田間試驗(yàn)對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)裝置性能進(jìn)行分析,設(shè)計(jì)制作了實(shí)驗(yàn)室專用型孔輪式排種器,并利用其完成對(duì)裝置監(jiān)測(cè)精度的試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)得出,監(jiān)測(cè)堵種狀態(tài)報(bào)警平均時(shí)間為0.366s、報(bào)警解除平均時(shí)間為0.249s,監(jiān)測(cè)漏播狀態(tài)報(bào)警平均時(shí)間為0.220s,表明裝置可以有效的對(duì)通過(guò)的稻種進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),在達(dá)到預(yù)設(shè)延時(shí)值之后,能及時(shí)發(fā)出警報(bào),靈敏度高;田間試驗(yàn)指出,在實(shí)際播種環(huán)境下,有效監(jiān)測(cè)穴數(shù)在97.6%以上,相對(duì)誤差2.50%,有效監(jiān)測(cè)率平均值為98.08%,漏播平均監(jiān)測(cè)率83.71%。
[Abstract]:The seeding mechanism of rice direct seeding machine is generally composed of the same type of sowing box and transmission mechanism. The distance between different row sowing boxes or between sowing boxes and the central monitoring room (cab) is more and more. In the process of operation, it is easy to leak seeding because of high surface roughness, more stubble by rotary tillage, mechanical vibration, clogging of mud (soil), and so on, which affects the efficiency of operation, increases the cost of seeding and hinders the development of direct seeding technology. In this paper, combined with the research trends of domestic and foreign seed metering monitoring, the ZigBee wireless transmission mode of flexible communication between many points is adopted, and the monitoring network is formed by using photoelectric sensor. According to the coverage area of rice seed monitoring, the condition of seeding is judged. To remind the driver of the trouble of seeding device, solve the problem of missing seeding in time, and help to develop and popularize the technology of direct seeding of rice. The main research results and conclusions are as follows: through the analysis of the current situation of the seed metering monitoring device, especially the judgment of the problems existing in the rice direct seeding monitoring device. Through the comparison of several short-range wireless communication technologies, combined with the basic research of ZigBee wireless transmission technology, such as network structure selection, protocol stack function design and so on, the design scheme based on ZigBee technology of this device is drawn up to meet the functional requirements and save manufacturing costs. Based on the analysis of the performance evaluation and the monitoring network design requirements of rice direct seeding machine, the software part of the device is designed and developed based on the IAR integrated development environment, and the main program flow and upper computer of the device are determined. The design and implementation of the program function of the lower computer, further complete the device parameter setting and display module, data storage and control module, data transmission and alarm module design and construction; Through the analysis and test of the whole structure of the monitoring device and the stress of the rice seed in the monitoring device, the selection of the sensor is determined, the performance of the sensor covering is demonstrated, and the working performance and the influencing factors of the fixed parts are analyzed. The important parameters are designed and optimized, the performance of the monitoring device is analyzed through indoor and field tests, and the laboratory special hole wheel seeding device is designed and manufactured, and the monitoring accuracy of the device is tested by using it. The results show that the average time of monitoring the state of seed plugging is 0.366s, the average time of alarm release is 0.249s, the average time of monitoring the state of missing seeding is 0.220s, which indicates that the device can effectively monitor the passing rice seeds, after reaching the preset delay value, The field experiment shows that the effective monitoring hole number is more than 97.6%, the relative error is 2.50, the average effective monitoring rate is 98.08, and the average monitoring rate is 83.71%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S223.2
，

本文編號(hào)：1937704