本文選題：再生水 + 灌溉　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水資源供需矛盾成為當(dāng)前我國北方干旱區(qū)城市面臨的凸出問題之一,合理利用再生水成為緩解甚至實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要途徑之一。本研究以呼和浩特市現(xiàn)已投入使用的章蓋營污水處理廠為例,開展了呼和浩特市再生水綜合利用模式。分別通過室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)研究再生水灌溉對綠地植物-黑麥草生長及土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響、野外長期定點(diǎn)定期取小黑河水樣研究再生水補(bǔ)給城市天然水體對其水質(zhì)的影響、對土默川平原污灌區(qū)進(jìn)行野外調(diào)查取樣分析短期、中期、長期污灌年限條件下玉米品質(zhì)及土壤理化性質(zhì)的變化規(guī)律,結(jié)合科學(xué)的評價(jià)方法,對再生水使用存在的潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了評價(jià),本研究得出的主要結(jié)論如下幾方面:1.再生水灌溉草坪草方面:建筑回填土下使用再生水灌溉對草坪草的生長速率有很明顯的促進(jìn)作用。再生水灌溉增加了土壤鹽分,但并未對草坪草生長構(gòu)成威脅。再生水灌溉下的土壤中重金屬As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr富集量均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于《土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB15618-1995)二級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值。黑麥草對不同重金屬的富集系數(shù)由高到低依次為:Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb、As。通過內(nèi)梅羅綜合污染指數(shù)法和潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法等4種方法評價(jià)Pb和Hg是對土壤生態(tài)環(huán)境構(gòu)成威脅的主要因素。2.再生水補(bǔ)給小黑河方面:時(shí)間尺度上,TN、NH4+-N和TP平均質(zhì)量濃度均高于規(guī)定的V類水最小允許值,并且主要集中在冬季和春季,葉綠素a平均質(zhì)量濃度也處于富營養(yǎng)化水平,主要集中在夏季和秋季。2016年水體污染程度低于2015年。利用對數(shù)型冪函數(shù)普適指數(shù)公式對小黑河富營養(yǎng)化的評價(jià)結(jié)果表明,小黑河研究河段EI值在時(shí)間尺度和空間尺度上均高于分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的最高上限,水體富營養(yǎng)化狀況不容樂觀。單因子水質(zhì)標(biāo)識指數(shù)(Pt)和綜合水質(zhì)標(biāo)識指數(shù)(WQⅡ)結(jié)果表明,小黑河無論是在時(shí)間尺度上還是空間尺度上均處于"劣V且黑臭"的水平,且TN和TP是引起小黑河水質(zhì)處于"劣V且黑臭"水平的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子。3.再生水回用于灌溉玉米方面:隨著灌溉年限的增加,土壤中全鹽量也有不同程度的增加,具有20年以上污灌歷史的土壤鹽分的累積已出現(xiàn)輕度鹽漬化污染,并且主要累積在土壤耕作層。污灌區(qū)土壤中重金屬Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Hg含量隨著污灌年限的增長而產(chǎn)生累積。具有10年和20年以上污灌歷史的玉米籽粒中Cr、Pb含量已較國家食品安全限量值高出100%和26%以上,不同污灌年限均增加了玉米籽粒中粗蛋白、粗淀粉和粗纖維的含量,而抑制了粗脂肪的形成。通過內(nèi)梅羅綜合污染指數(shù)法、地積累指數(shù)法、污染負(fù)荷指數(shù)法和潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法4種評價(jià)Cd是引起當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田環(huán)境生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最主要的因素。
[Abstract]:The contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become one of the prominent problems faced by cities in arid areas of northern China. Rational utilization of recycled water has become one of the important ways to alleviate and even realize sustainable development. Taking Zhanggaiying sewage treatment plant which has been put into use in Hohhot as an example, the comprehensive utilization mode of reclaimed water in Hohhot was carried out. The effects of reclaimed water irrigation on the growth of green plant-ryegrass and physical and chemical properties of soil were studied in laboratory, and the effect of reclaimed water supply on the water quality of urban natural water was studied. Field investigation and sampling analysis of corn quality and soil physical and chemical properties under the condition of short, medium and long term sewage irrigation in Tumechuan Plain, combined with scientific evaluation method, were carried out in this paper. The potential ecological risk of reclaimed water use was evaluated. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. In the aspect of irrigating lawn grass with reclaimed water, the utilization of recycled water irrigation under the building backfill can obviously promote the growth rate of turfgrass. Reclaimed water irrigation increased soil salinity, but did not pose a threat to lawn grass growth. The enrichment of heavy metal As-HgPbPbCdcr in soil irrigated with reclaimed water was much lower than that of the second grade standard (GB15618-1995). The enrichment coefficient of different heavy metals in ryegrass from high to low is 1: CdCrCrHgPbAs. The main factors that threaten the soil ecological environment are Pb and Hg, which are evaluated by Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and potential ecological hazard index method. Recharge of reclaimed water to small Heihe River: the mean mass concentrations of TNNH4-N and TP were higher than the minimum allowable value of V water in time scale, and were mainly concentrated in winter and spring, and the mean mass concentration of chlorophyll a was also in eutrophication level. Water pollution in 2016 was lower than that in 2015. The evaluation results of eutrophication of Xiaohei River by using the universal exponent formula of logarithmic power function show that the ei value of Xiaohehe study reach is higher than the maximum upper limit of classification standard in time scale and space scale, and the eutrophication condition of water body is not optimistic. The results of single factor water quality identification index (Pt) and synthetic water quality identification index (WQ 鈪，

本文編號：1934194