本文選題：白靈菇 + 杏鮑菇　； 參考：《吉林農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：白靈菇和杏鮑菇是親緣關系相近的兩種大型側耳屬食用真菌,兩者均具有較高的食用價值和經(jīng)濟價值,本研究以5份白靈菇菌株和5份杏鮑菇菌株進行單孢分離、單核化處理、根據(jù)交配型的配對規(guī)律進行雜交組合,利用ITS-RFLP分子標記方法輔助篩選白靈菇與杏鮑菇雜交菌株,并對杏鮑菇、白靈菇及其雜交菌株在不同溫度條件下的栽培條件進行比較分析,結果如下:(1)對5個白靈菇菌株和5個杏鮑菇菌株單核菌絲進行交配型基因組合,共獲得6個特異性的A因子和7個特異性的B因子,分別占供試單核菌株的67%和74%。(2)利用ITS-RFLP技術輔助單孢雜交,從21個雜交處理組合中獲得并純化雜交菌株3份。(3)在4℃-24℃范圍內,白靈菇與杏鮑菇的菌絲體生長速度與溫度的變化呈正相關,最適合菌絲體生長的溫度為22℃。在最適合菌絲體生長的溫度條件下白靈菇菌株與杏鮑菇菌株的菌絲體生長速度具有極顯著差異,3份雜交菌株中11D與53D均與親本菌株的菌絲生長速度有極顯著差異,雜交菌株70D與親本菌株XB130DB相比菌絲體生長速度差異明顯,而與親本菌株BL130LA在菌絲生長速度上差異不明顯。(4)在4℃-24℃范圍內,白靈菇的原基形成周期與溫度呈倒V型曲線變化,12℃-14℃溫度區(qū)間內原基形成周期最短;杏鮑菇的原基形成周期與溫度呈負相關,隨著溫度的升高原基形成周期變短,22℃-24℃溫度區(qū)間內原基形成周期最短。3份雜交菌株11D、53D、70D的原基形成周期與其對應親本白靈菇菌株的原基形成周期在0.05水平上均呈顯著差異。(5)通過對不同溫度條件下的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析得到以下結論:白靈菇子實體形成最短周期所需溫度為13±1℃,而杏鮑菇子實體形成最短周期所需溫度為23±1℃,3份雜交菌株11D、53D、70D的子實體形成周期與其對應親本白靈菇菌株的子實體形成周期在0.05水平上均呈顯著差異。(6)在4℃-24℃區(qū)間內,5份白靈菇材料的菌柄長度與溫度變化呈倒V型曲線,溫度在12℃時,菌柄長度達到峰值,而溫度低于8℃或高于16℃時菌柄生長緩慢或不生長;5份杏鮑菇材料菌柄長度與溫度的變化呈對數(shù)曲線關系,溫度高于6℃時菌柄即可生長,隨著溫度的升高,菌柄分化的長度也隨之增加;3份雜交菌株的菌柄長度與溫度變化曲線趨勢均與其親本杏鮑菇相似。(7)在4℃-24℃區(qū)間內,5份白靈菇材料的菌蓋直徑與溫度變化呈倒V型曲線關系,溫度在12℃時,菌蓋直徑達到峰值,而溫度低于8℃或高于16℃時菌蓋直徑生長緩慢或不生長;5份供試的杏鮑菇材料其菌蓋直徑與溫度的變化呈對數(shù)曲線關系,3份雜交菌株的菌蓋直徑與溫度變化曲線趨勢均與其親本杏鮑菇相似。
[Abstract]:Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone are two species of large edible fungus with close relationship. Both of them have high edible value and economic value. In this study, 5 strains of Ling Bai and 5 strains of Pleurotus abalone were isolated, mononucleated and hybridized according to mating pattern, using ITS-RFLP molecular markers. The hybrid strains of Pleurotus Ling Bai and Pleurotus abalone were screened by method, and the cultivation conditions of Pleurotus abalone, Ling Bai and its hybrid strains under different temperature conditions were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) a total of 6 specific A factors and 7 specificity were obtained from 5 Ling Bai mushrooms and 5 mononuclear mycelium of Pleurotus abalone strains. The B factors accounted for 67% and 74%. (2) of the mononuclear strains of the tested strains, respectively, with ITS-RFLP technique assisted single spore hybridization, and 3 hybrid strains were obtained from 21 hybrid combinations. (3) the growth rate of the mycelium of Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone was positively correlated with the temperature change in the range of 4 centigrade -24, and the most suitable for the growth of mycelium was 22. The growth speed of the mycelium of Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone was very significant in the temperature conditions suitable for the growth of mycelium. The 11D and 53D of the 3 hybrid strains were significantly different from those of the parent strain. The difference between the hybrid strain 70D and the parent strain XB130DB was significantly different than that of the parent strain, but the parent strain was different from the parent. The difference of strain BL130LA was not obvious at the growth rate of mycelium. (4) in the range of 4 C -24, the cycle and temperature of the primordium of Ling Bai mushroom showed an inverted V curve, and the formation period of the primordium was shortest in the temperature range of 12 C -14 C; the cycle of the primordium of Pleurotus abalone was negatively correlated with the temperature, and the period of the primordial formation shortened with the increase of temperature and 22 C -24. The period of.3 hybrid strain 11D, 53D, 70D, and the cycle of the original base formation period of the corresponding parent Ling Bai mushroom strains were significantly different at the 0.05 level. (5) the following conclusions were obtained by statistical analysis of the data under different temperature conditions: the temperature required for the shortest period of the mushroom fruiting body of Ling Bai was obtained. The temperature of the short cycle of the fruiting body of Pleurotus abalone was 13 + 1 C, and the temperature required for the shortest cycle of the Pleurotus abalone fruiting body was 23 + 1. 3 hybrid strains 11D, 53D, and 70D had a significant difference in the formation cycle of the fruiting bodies of their corresponding parent Ling Bai mushroom. (6) in the interval of 4 degrees centigrade -24 centigrade, the stalk length of 5 Ling Bai mushroom materials varied with the temperature. The inverted V curve, when the temperature is at 12 C, the stalk length reaches the peak, and the stalk grows slowly or not when the temperature is below 8 or higher than 16. The relationship between the stalk length and the temperature is logarithmic curve, and the stalk can grow when the temperature is higher than 6. As the temperature rises, the length of the stalk differentiation is increased, and the 3 copies of the stalk are also increased. The trend of stem length and temperature change of the strain was similar to that of its parent. (7) in the range of 4 -24 C, the cover diameter of 5 mushrooms and the temperature changes showed an inverted V curve. The cap diameter reached the peak when the temperature was 12, and the cap diameter was slow or no growth when the temperature was lower than 8 or higher than 16. 5 The canopy diameter of Pleurotus abalone was logarithmic to the temperature, and the curve of the cap diameter and temperature of the 3 hybrid strains were similar to their parents.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S646

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