本文選題：南方丘陵地區(qū) + 混合動力��； 參考：《福建農林大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：采伐機的排放差、能耗高、能源的利用率低等,在當今緊缺化石能源和環(huán)境日益惡化的情境下,研究采伐機的節(jié)能技術具有非常重大的現實意義。采伐機的動力系統(tǒng)中普遍采用"全燃油"方式,而且國內的采伐機大多數是直接引進國外產品,受到我國丘陵地區(qū)復雜地形的影響,動力性能上會受到制約,導致運行工況不穩(wěn)定、整機振動大。本文取消了"全燃油"方式,采用串聯(lián)混合動力系統(tǒng)方案,探討了混合動力采伐機的模型,研究了采伐機結構強度,分析了采伐機行駛的穩(wěn)定性。本文的研究方法和結果如下:1.根據南方丘陵地區(qū)的自然地形情況,提出了采伐機的基本性能要求,并采取八只輪子、混合動力技術措施。經過國內外的機型探討,分析國內外采伐機的結構形式,最終確定混合動力采伐機參考模型,提出了采伐機底盤的基本尺寸參數。2.通過對比不同混合動力系統(tǒng)布局,確定出最終的布局方案,對動力部件進行匹配與選型;借助AVL Cruise軟件對比分析混合動力系統(tǒng)和傳統(tǒng)動力系統(tǒng),表明混合動力采伐機性能優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)采伐機,驗證了所設計的混合動力系統(tǒng)是可行的。3.根據第四強度理論和材料的撓度分析,提出車架的強度和剛度的評價準則。借助HyperWorks軟件對車架的兩個典型工況進行靜力學分析,得到車架的最大應力值和最大變形量都低于評價準則。分析車架不同姿態(tài)的自由模態(tài),對比計算出評價準則,表明車架能很好的避開共振頻率,驗證了車架設計的合理性和可靠性。4.利用輪胎與土壤深陷和附著關系,計算出采伐機底盤越障的極限高度;借助ADAMS軟件驗證采伐機越障的極限高度;借助拉格朗日方程推導出采伐機振動系統(tǒng)的運動微分方程,設置不同系數和運行速度,研究混合動力采伐機質心處的加速度和垂直位移的運動規(guī)律,得出最有利于采伐機底盤行駛的條件。5.利用Fischertechnik公司的機器人構建部件,搭建采伐機底盤的簡化模型,研究采伐機底盤簡化模型以相同速度運行在光滑瓷磚路面、細砂石路面和粗瀝青路面的振動情況,以不同速度運行在粗瀝青路面的振動情況,驗證了前文對采伐機底盤分析的可行性。借助動力學理論和軟件仿真手段,設置不同參數的對比分析,提高了南方丘陵地區(qū)混合動力采伐機底盤的動力性能,實現了節(jié)能減排的目的,保證了結構的強度,提升了行駛的穩(wěn)定性。同時,驗證了混合動力采伐機底盤模型的可行性,探索了適合我國南方丘陵地區(qū)混合動力采伐機底盤設計和分析方法,為今后開發(fā)新的林業(yè)機械底盤的研究提供了借鑒。
[Abstract]:Because of the poor emission, high energy consumption and low energy efficiency of cutting machines, it is of great practical significance to study the energy-saving technology of cutting machines under the circumstances of the shortage of fossil energy and the worsening of the environment. In the power system of cutting machines, "all fuel oil" is widely used, and most of the domestic cutting machines are imported directly from foreign products, which are affected by the complex terrain in hilly areas of our country, and the dynamic performance will be restricted. Lead to unstable operating conditions, large vibration of the whole machine. In this paper, the model of hybrid electric cutting machine is discussed, the structure strength of cutting machine is studied, and the driving stability of cutting machine is analyzed by using the scheme of series hybrid power system instead of "all fuel oil". The research methods and results are as follows: 1. According to the natural terrain in the southern hilly area, the basic performance requirements of the cutting machine are put forward, and the technical measures of eight wheels and hybrid power are adopted. The structure of cutting machine at home and abroad was analyzed and the reference model of hybrid electric cutting machine was determined. The basic dimension parameter of chassis of cutting machine was put forward. By comparing the layout of different hybrid power systems, the final layout scheme is determined, the power components are matched and selected, and the hybrid power system and the traditional power system are compared and analyzed with the help of AVL Cruise software. The results show that the performance of hybrid cutting machine is better than that of traditional cutting machine, and the designed hybrid power system is feasible. According to the fourth strength theory and the deflection analysis of the material, the evaluation criteria of the strength and stiffness of the frame are put forward. Based on the static analysis of two typical working conditions of the frame with HyperWorks software, the maximum stress value and the maximum deformation value of the frame are all lower than the evaluation criterion. By analyzing the free modes of the frame with different postures and comparing the evaluation criteria, it is shown that the frame can avoid the resonance frequency well, and the rationality and reliability of the frame design are verified. Based on the relationship between tire and soil, the limit height of cutting machine chassis is calculated, the limit height of cutting machine is verified by ADAMS software, and the differential equation of motion of vibration system of cutting machine is deduced by means of Lagrange equation. By setting different coefficients and running speed, the motion law of acceleration and vertical displacement at the center of mass of hybrid electric cutting machine is studied, and the conditions that are most favorable for driving on the chassis of cutting machine are obtained. The simplified model of cutting machine chassis is built by using the robot of Fischertechnik Company. The vibration of cutting machine chassis is studied in the smooth ceramic tile pavement, fine sand pavement and coarse asphalt pavement at the same speed. The vibration of coarse asphalt pavement running at different speeds verifies the feasibility of the chassis analysis of cutting machine. By means of dynamic theory and software simulation, the dynamic performance of the chassis of hybrid electric cutting machine in southern hilly area is improved by setting different parameters, and the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction is realized, and the strength of structure is ensured. Improved driving stability. At the same time, the feasibility of the chassis model of hybrid electric cutting machine is verified, and the design and analysis method of chassis suitable for hybrid electric cutting machine in southern hilly area of China is explored, which provides a reference for the future research of developing new forestry machinery chassis.
【學位授予單位】：福建農林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S776

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