本文選題：苜蓿 + 滴灌　； 參考：《塔里木大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年新疆大力發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù),隨著國家振興奶業(yè)苜蓿行動、糧改飼等政策的實(shí)施,促進(jìn)了苜蓿的種植。采用淺埋式滴灌技術(shù)種植苜蓿,產(chǎn)量得到了提高,但對其施肥技術(shù)研究較少,為此,本試驗(yàn)通過“3414”試驗(yàn)設(shè)計,研究施氮、磷、鉀肥對苜蓿草產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響,研究結(jié)果如下:滴灌下施氮肥、磷、鉀肥提高紫花苜蓿產(chǎn)量,提高產(chǎn)量0.79%~84.7%,其中N60P180K120處理苜蓿產(chǎn)量最高為35017.50 kg/hm~2,增產(chǎn)率54.55%,差異顯著(p0.05)。施N90kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)最好54.55%,60kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)47.73%,30kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)為42.73%;施磷肥180 kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)最好為83.25%,120 kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)47.73%,60kg/hm~2增產(chǎn)69.63%;施鉀肥180 kg/hm~2減產(chǎn)23.31%,120 kg/hm~2減產(chǎn)4.69%,60kg/hm~2減產(chǎn)1.47%。土壤缺素分析,缺氮相對產(chǎn)量為62.86%,缺磷相對產(chǎn)量為54.57%,缺鉀相對產(chǎn)量為97.43%;缺素最嚴(yán)重的為P,其次為N,最后為K;施肥應(yīng)該優(yōu)先施P、N肥,其次為K肥。滴灌下施氮肥、磷、鉀肥可提高苜蓿品質(zhì),通過關(guān)聯(lián)分析N60P180K120處理最好。隨施氮肥量的增加苜蓿干草的RFV而增加;施N改善品質(zhì),N_(90)P_(120)K_(120)處理CP和RFV最高分別為19.18%和148.97。施P改善品質(zhì),N60P180K120處理RFV最高157.11,N60P180K120處理CP含量最高18.85%。施K改善品質(zhì),N60P120K180處理RFV最高147.97,N_(90)P_(120)K_(120)處理CP含量最高為19.23%。通過關(guān)聯(lián)分析本試驗(yàn)地區(qū)滴灌苜蓿推薦施肥量N 90 kg/hm~2,P 120 kg/hm~2,K 120 kg/hm~2。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Xinjiang has vigorously developed water-saving irrigation technology, with the implementation of the national policy of revitalizing the dairy industry, alfalfa, food and forage, promoted alfalfa planting. The yield of alfalfa planted by shallow drip irrigation was improved, but the fertilization technique was less studied. Therefore, the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of alfalfa was studied by "3414" experimental design. The results were as follows: application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer under drip irrigation increased alfalfa yield and increased yield by 0.79% ~ 84.7%. The highest yield of alfalfa treated with N60P180K120 was 35017.50 kg / hm ~ (-2), and the increase rate was 54.55% (P < 0.05). The best yield of applying N90kg/hm~2 was 47.73kg / hmmt2 (47.73kg / hmmt2), the yield of phosphorous fertilizer 180 kg/hm~2 was 83.25kg / hmmni2, the best was 47.73kg / hmmni2, and the yield of potassium 180 kg/hm~2 was 23.31kg / hmmni2, 4.69kg / hmm-2, 4.69kg / hmm-2, respectively. The relative yield of nitrogen deficiency, phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency were 62.86, 54.57 and 97.43, respectively. The quality of alfalfa could be improved by applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer under drip irrigation, and N60P180K120 treatment was the best. The RFV of alfalfa hay increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount, and the maximum of CP and RFV were 19.18% and 148.97%, respectively, when N was applied to improve the quality of alfalfa hay. Applying P to improve the quality of RFV treated with N60P180K120 had the highest CP content of 18.85 in the treatment of N60P180K120 and the highest of 157.11N60P180K120. Application of K to improve the quality of RFV in the treatment of N60P120K180 the highest CP content in the treatment was 19.23g / kg. Based on the correlation analysis, the recommended fertilizer N 90 kg / hm 2 + P 120 kg / hm 2 K 120 kg 路hm 2 路h ~ (-1) of alfalfa in this experimental area was analyzed. The results showed that the recommended fertilization rate of alfalfa was 20 kg / h ~ (-1).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：塔里木大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S541

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