本文選題：復(fù)合益生菌 + 大菱鲆　； 參考：《大連海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究通過在飼料中添加復(fù)合益生菌,測定其對大菱鲆生長性能、腸道消化酶活性、非特異性免疫等指標(biāo)的影響,為在大菱鲆的飼料中添加復(fù)合益生菌的可行性提供理論基礎(chǔ)。選用體重為20.04±0.23 g的大菱鲆幼魚180尾,隨機(jī)分為三組,每組三個平行,分別為T0,T1,T2,復(fù)合益生菌的添加量分別是飼料重量的0%,1%,5%。60天的飼養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)束后,結(jié)果表明:魚體的終末體重、特定生長率、增重率隨著復(fù)合益生菌添加量的增加而明顯增加,且在T2效果更為明顯(P0.05);隨著復(fù)合益生菌的添加量增加飼料系數(shù)明顯降低,且T2下降更為明顯(P0.05);添加復(fù)合益生菌的處理組T1和T2中魚體的肥滿度和全魚及背部肌肉的粗蛋白較T0有明顯的增加(P0.05),背部肌肉的粗灰分在T2中有所減少(P0.05),而魚體肝體比、腸體比、臟體比,全魚及背部肌肉的粗脂肪,全魚的粗灰分、魚體血液部分生理生化指標(biāo)并沒有顯著性的差異(P0.05)。添加復(fù)合益生菌的處理組T1和T2中魚體腸道消化酶活性有增加的趨勢,且T1的淀粉酶活性、T2的蛋白酶活性、T1和T2的脂肪酶活性有顯著增加(P0.05)。隨著復(fù)合益生菌的梯度增加,厚壁菌門在T2中的含量要高于其他組(P0.05),酸酐菌門的含量不斷增加,且在T2中最大(P0.05),T2的ACE指數(shù)較T0有明顯增加(P0.05),而T2的Shannon指數(shù)要明顯高于其他組(P0.05),其他指數(shù)沒有顯著性差異(P0.05)。對腸道組織學(xué)觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著復(fù)合益生菌添加量的增加,腸道絨毛數(shù)量、腸壁厚度、每100μm杯狀細(xì)胞數(shù)有明顯的增加,且T2的腸道絨毛數(shù)量、每100μm杯狀細(xì)胞數(shù),T1和T2的腸壁厚度增加更為明顯(P0.05)。對大菱鲆的部分非特異性免疫指標(biāo)及相關(guān)基因的表達(dá)量進(jìn)行檢測,結(jié)果為:隨著復(fù)合益生菌添加量的增加血清中ACP、CAT、SOD的活性有明顯增加的趨勢,且T2的ACP的活性,T1和T2的CAT、SOD的活性有顯著性的增加(P0.05);肝臟中ACP、AKP、CAT、SOD、LZM的活性隨著復(fù)合益生菌添加量的變化而變化,且T1和T2的ACP、AKP的活性T2的CAT、SOD、LZM的活性有顯著性的增加(P0.05);隨著復(fù)合益生菌添加量的增加,肝臟中與SOD、LZM活性相關(guān)的基因表達(dá)量也不斷增加,且在T2中達(dá)到最大(P0.05)。綜上,飼料中添加復(fù)合益生菌能夠提高大菱鲆的生長性能、提高消化酶活性、改善腸道菌群和部分非特異性免疫。
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of compound probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and non-specific immunity of turbot were determined, which provided a theoretical basis for the feasibility of adding compound probiotics to the feed of turbot. 180 juvenile turbot fishes weighing 20.04 鹵0.23 g were selected and randomly divided into three groups, each group having three parallel groups, namely, T0, T1, T2, and the amount of compound probiotics was the feed weight of 0x1 / 50.60 days. The results showed that the final body weight of the fish was the end weight of the fish. The specific growth rate, weight gain rate increased obviously with the increase of compound probiotics addition, and the effect was more obvious in T2, and the feed coefficient decreased obviously with the increase of compound probiotics addition. Moreover, the decrease of T2 was more obvious than that of P0.05.The fat fullness of fish and the crude protein of whole fish and back muscle in treatment group T1 and T2 were significantly higher than that of T0, and the crude ash content of back muscle was decreased in T2, while the ratio of liver to body of fish was decreased. There was no significant difference in intestinal body ratio, visceral body ratio, crude fat of whole fish and back muscle, crude ash content of whole fish and some physiological and biochemical indexes of fish body blood. The digestive enzyme activity of digestive tract increased in T1 and T2 groups, and the activity of amylase in T1 and lipase activity in T2 increased significantly in T1 and T2 groups. With the increase of the gradient of compound probiotics, the content of phylum thuringiensis in T2 was higher than that in other groups, and the content of acid-anhydride phylum was increasing. The ACE index of T _ 2 was significantly higher than that of T _ 0, while the Shannon index of T _ 2 was significantly higher than that of other groups. There was no significant difference in other indexes. With the increase of compound probiotics, the number of intestinal villi, the thickness of intestinal wall, the number of goblet cells per 100 渭 m, and the number of intestinal villi in T2 were observed. The thickness of intestinal wall in T1 and T2 cells per 100 渭 m goblet cells increased significantly (P 0.05). Some nonspecific immune indexes and the expression of related genes in turbot were detected. The results showed that the activity of ACP-CAT SOD in serum increased significantly with the increase of the amount of compound probiotics. The activity of ACP in T _ 2 and T _ 2 increased significantly (P 0.05), and the activity of ACP in liver changed with the addition of compound probiotics. Moreover, the activity of ACPN AKP in T1 and T2 was significantly increased with the addition of compound probiotics, and the expression of genes related to SOD LZM activity in liver was also increased, and reached the maximum P0.05 in T2. In conclusion, the addition of compound probiotics in feed can improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal flora and partial non-specific immunity of turbot.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S965.399

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