本文選題：紅樹林 + 群落　； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要以珠海市淇澳島的紅樹林保護(hù)區(qū)以及海南省東寨港的紅樹林保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)典型紅樹林群落作為研究對(duì)象,深入了解紅樹林群落恢復(fù)過(guò)程中群落特征、土壤理化性質(zhì)和水質(zhì)因子的動(dòng)態(tài)變化特征及其相互關(guān)系。本研究對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的紅樹林恢復(fù)、生物多樣性保護(hù)、生態(tài)安全等方面具有十分重大的意義,并對(duì)我國(guó)紅樹林乃至世界范圍內(nèi)的紅樹林的保護(hù)、恢復(fù)以及管理等工作具有寶貴的指導(dǎo)和參考價(jià)值。主要結(jié)論如下:1.珠海市淇澳島紅樹林群落結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,總體呈現(xiàn)出以喬木為優(yōu)勢(shì)的群落特征;混交林群落能夠充分利用地力和空間,群落內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)復(fù)雜,枯落物數(shù)量和生物量較大;天然林秋茄在生物量、樹種組成以及群落結(jié)構(gòu)方面均更有優(yōu)勢(shì);天然林秋茄群落物種多樣性高于其他群落。海南東寨港紅樹林群落組成較豐富,植被的數(shù)量以及種類較多;海蓮、無(wú)瓣海桑以及人工林秋茄群落,物種組成相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,發(fā)育成單層群落;天然林秋茄、海桑等群落為雙層群落結(jié)構(gòu);3次調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),各群落的Simpon指數(shù)隨時(shí)間會(huì)有所變化,各個(gè)群落間差異顯著;總體來(lái)看,隨時(shí)間的變化,群落的Pielou指數(shù)亦不盡相同。2.珠海市淇澳島以及海南省東寨港各樣地土壤主要以壤土為主,2次調(diào)查結(jié)果無(wú)明顯變化,各樣地在土壤質(zhì)地上差異不大,養(yǎng)分承載能力相當(dāng)。淇澳島的混交林群落樣地以及天然林群落樣地的土壤有機(jī)碳的含量高于人工純林的含量;東寨港天然林秋茄樣地土壤含有的有機(jī)質(zhì)高于人工林秋茄樣地。群落結(jié)構(gòu)趨向穩(wěn)定的天然林以及群落組成更為復(fù)雜的混交林土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)能得到更好的積累。土壤有機(jī)碳積累同林分組成、林齡和林分起源具有相關(guān)關(guān)系。隨著時(shí)間變化,群落結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化,調(diào)查的群落土壤的化學(xué)性質(zhì)亦發(fā)生變化。3.珠海市淇澳島第三次調(diào)查下游水樣含鹽量最高,第三次調(diào)查表明,其濁度低于前兩次調(diào)查。其5月份水體溶解氧含量高于10月份,向海方向溶解氧含量增高,近岸端受到干擾的現(xiàn)象較為顯著。同水體溶解氧規(guī)律相似,同樣是向海端含量低于近岸端。調(diào)查結(jié)果表明無(wú)瓣海桑群落對(duì)污水具有一定的凈化作用以及降解能力。淇澳島樣地水質(zhì)不存在銅、鎘、鉛等重金屬污染現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mangrove communities in Qiao Island, Zhuhai City, and typical mangrove communities in Dongzhai Port, Hainan Province are taken as the research objects, and the community characteristics during the restoration process of mangrove communities are deeply understood. The dynamic change characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties and water quality factors and their correlation. This study is of great significance to the restoration of mangroves, biodiversity conservation, ecological security and so on, and the protection of mangroves in our country and even in the world. Recovery and management have valuable guidance and reference value. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The community structure of mangroves in Qiao Island of Zhuhai City is relatively simple, and the community characteristics are dominated by Arbor, the mixed forest community can make full use of land force and space, the structure of the community is relatively complex, the quantity of litter and biomass is larger. There were more advantages in biomass, tree species composition and community structure in the natural forest, and the species diversity in the natural forest was higher than that in the other communities. Hainan Dongzhai Port mangrove community composition is rich, the vegetation quantity and the species are many; the sea lotus, the non-petal mulberry and the artificial forest autumn eggplant community, the species composition is relatively simple, develops into the monolayer community; the natural forest autumn tomato community, It was found that the Simpon index of each community changed with time, and the difference between communities was significant. In general, the Pielou index of community varied with time. In Qiao Island of Zhuhai City and Dongzhai Port in Hainan Province, the soil was mainly loam. The results of two surveys showed no obvious change, but there was no significant difference in soil texture and nutrient carrying capacity in each land. The soil organic carbon content of mixed forest community and natural forest community in Qi'ao Island was higher than that of artificial pure forest, and the organic matter content in autumn tomato plot of Dongzhai Port was higher than that in artificial autumn tomato plot. The soil organic matter of the mixed forest with stable community structure and complex community composition can be accumulated better. Soil organic carbon accumulation was correlated with stand composition, forest age and stand origin. With the change of time, the community structure changed, and the chemical properties of the investigated community soil also changed. 3. The third survey in Qi'ao Island of Zhuhai City showed that the salt content in the downstream water samples was the highest and the turbidity was lower than that in the previous two surveys. The dissolved oxygen content in the water in May is higher than that in October, and the dissolved oxygen content in the direction of the sea is higher than that in October. Similar to the law of dissolved oxygen in water, the content of oxygen in the seaward end is lower than that in the near shore. The results showed that the community had certain purification and degradation ability to sewage. The water quality of Qi'ao Island is not polluted by heavy metals such as copper, cadmium, lead and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S718.5
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本文編號(hào)：1908939