本文選題：復合益生菌 + 復合菌培養(yǎng)物�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文主要運用RT-PCR技術,研究了在不同的精粗比日糧水平下,添加復合益生菌及其培養(yǎng)物對綿羊瘤胃液總細菌,總厭氧真菌,琥珀酸擬狀桿菌、白色瘤胃球菌、黃色瘤胃球菌三種主要纖維降解菌,以及乳酸菌,牛鏈球菌,反芻獸新月形單胞菌,溶丁酸弧菌,嗜淀粉瘤胃桿菌,普雷沃氏b族菌,以及總產(chǎn)甲烷菌數(shù)量的影響;并對綿羊瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)、消化酶活性和綿羊血液中可溶性CD4、CD8免疫指標的影響。本研究選用6只體況良好、平均體重(45.5±1.52)kg、裝有永久性瘤胃瘺管的蒙古綿羊羯羊;采用自身對照交叉試驗設計,分批次進行兩期交叉實驗,每個試驗期35天,預飼期15天,正式期20天。試驗一期,試驗動物分為兩組,每組3只,1組為低精料組,2組為高精料組:試驗二期兩組日糧交換,中間2周過渡期:每期3個階段,分別為試驗Ⅰ階段(對照組)、試驗Ⅱ階段(飼喂10天復合益生菌液/復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物)、試驗Ⅲ階段(飼喂20天復合益生菌液/復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物)。在每個試驗階段初始連續(xù)3天,晨飼前取瘤胃內(nèi)容物測定瘤胃微生物數(shù)量及消化酶的活性;取晨飼后2、4、6、8、12h瘤胃內(nèi)容物檢測瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù);并且采集晨飼前綿羊頸靜脈血檢測血清中可溶性CD4、CD8的含量。試驗結果表明:(1)低精料日糧水平下,添加復合益生菌后,綿羊瘤胃總細菌、琥珀酸擬狀桿菌、黃色瘤胃球菌、溶纖維丁酸弧菌、乳酸桿菌、嗜淀粉瘤胃桿菌顯著升高(P0.05),總厭氧真菌、反芻獸新月形單胞菌數(shù)量有升高趨勢,但不顯著(P0.05),白色瘤胃球菌、普雷沃氏b族菌顯著降低(P0.05),牛鏈球菌、總產(chǎn)甲烷菌無顯著變化(P0.05)。(2)低精料日糧水平下,添加復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物后,綿羊瘤胃總細菌、琥珀酸擬狀桿菌顯著升高(P0.05),總厭氧真菌、白色瘤胃球菌、溶纖維丁酸弧菌、反芻獸新月形單胞菌、乳酸桿菌、普雷沃氏b族菌、總產(chǎn)甲烷菌顯著降低(P0.05),牛鏈球菌數(shù)量有升高趨勢,黃色瘤胃球菌數(shù)量有降低趨勢,但變化不顯著(P0.05),嗜淀粉瘤胃桿菌無變化(P0.05)。(3)高精料日糧水平下,添加復合益生菌后,綿羊瘤胃總厭氧真菌、琥珀酸擬狀桿菌、嗜淀粉瘤胃桿菌顯著升高(P0.05),溶纖維丁酸弧菌、反芻獸新月形單胞菌、乳酸桿菌、普雷沃氏b族菌有升高趨勢,但不顯著(P0.05),牛鏈球菌、總產(chǎn)甲烷菌顯著降低(P0.05),總細菌、黃色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌數(shù)量有降低趨勢但不顯著(P0.05)。(4)高精料日糧水平下,添加復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物后,綿羊瘤胃總厭氧真菌、牛鏈球菌、嗜淀粉瘤胃桿菌顯著升高(P0.05),琥珀酸擬狀桿菌、白色瘤胃球菌有降低趨勢,黃色瘤胃球菌、總細菌、溶纖維丁酸弧菌、反芻獸新月形單胞菌顯著降低(P0.05),乳酸桿菌數(shù)量有降低趨勢(P0.05),普雷沃氏b族菌、總產(chǎn)甲烷菌無變化(P0.05)。(5)添加復合益生菌和復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物后,不同日糧水平下都提高了瘤胃pH值并降低了 NH3-N濃度,并促使VFA乙丙比降低,TVFA升高,但是變化幅度復合益生菌較大。(6)添加復合益生菌和復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物后,瘤胃內(nèi)羧甲基纖維素酶在低精日糧水平下顯著升高(P0.05),高精日糧下顯著降低(P0.05),蛋白酶均顯著升高(P0.05),淀粉酶在復合益生菌添加后,比較穩(wěn)定。(7)添加復合益生菌和復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物后,各處理組綿羊血液中sCD4+分子含量顯著升高(P0.05),添加復合益生菌處理組綿羊血液中sCD8+含量均有降低趨勢,但不顯著(P0.05),而添加復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物處理組的綿羊血液中的sCD8+含量有上升趨勢,且復合益生菌培養(yǎng)物組的sCD8+含量在低精料日糧水平下顯著升高(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we used RT-PCR technology to study three major fibrous degrading bacteria, total anaerobic bacteria, total anaerobes, Pyrococcus succinate, white rumen coccus, rumen coccus, and lactic acid bacteria, Streptococcus NIUs and ruminant crescent. The effects of cytobacilli, Vibrio butyrate, bacilli amylophilus, Poulet Was B, and total methanogenic bacteria on the rumen fermentation parameters, digestive enzyme activity and the immune index of soluble CD4 and CD8 in sheep blood. The 6 body conditions were good, the average weight (45.5 + 1.52) kg, and the Mongolia with permanent rumen fistula were selected. Sheep sheep; the cross experiment was designed by self controlled cross test with 35 days in each period, 15 days for the pre feeding period and 20 days for the formal period. Experimental animals were divided into two groups, 3 in each group, 1 in the low sperm group and 2 in the high concentrate group: two phase two groups of diet exchange and 2 weeks in intermediate period: 3 stages in each period, respectively. Stage I (control group), stage II (feeding 10 days compound probiotic liquid / compound probiotic Culture), Experiment III stage (feeding 20 days compound probiotic liquid / compound probiotic Culture). At the beginning of each test, the rumen content and digestive enzyme activity were measured before morning feeding, and morning feeding was taken. After 2,4,6,8,12h rumen content was detected in the rumen fermentation parameters, and the content of soluble CD4 and CD8 in serum of sheep's jugular vein before morning feeding was collected. The results showed: (1) the rumen total bacteria, Bacillus succinate, yellowish rumen cocci, Vibrio butyrate, lactic acid, lactic acid, and lactic acid were added to the diet level of low concentrate. Bacilli, bacilli amylophilic bacilli significantly increased (P0.05), total anaerobic fungi, the number of anaerobes increased, but not significant (P0.05), white rumen coccus, Poulet Was B bacteria significantly decreased (P0.05), Streptococcus Niu, total methanogenic bacteria without significant changes (P0.05). (2) low concentrate diet level, adding compound probiotics culture After that, the total bacteria in the rumen of the sheep and the Pseudomonas succinic acid increased significantly (P0.05). The total anaerobic fungi, the white rumen coccus, the soluble Vibrio butyrate, the ruminant crescendo, the lactobacillus, the Poulet Was B bacteria, the total methanogenic bacteria decreased significantly (P0.05), the number of Streptococcus increased, and the number of yellow rumen coccus had a decreasing trend. But the change was not significant (P0.05). (3) (3) under the diet level of high concentrate, after adding compound probiotics, the rumen total anaerobes of the rumen, the Pseudomonas succinate, the bacilli amylophilus increased significantly (P0.05), the fibrous Ding Suanhu bacteria, the ruminant crescendo, the lactobacillus, and the Poulet Was B bacteria increased. Trend, but not significant (P0.05), Streptococcus Niu, total methanogenic bacteria significantly decreased (P0.05), total bacteria, yellow rumen coccus, white rumen coccus number decreased but not significant (P0.05). (4) high concentrate diet level, adding compound probiotic culture, sheep rumen total anaerobes, Streptococcus, amyloid stomach bacilli significantly increased (P0.05), Pseudomonas succinic, white rumen cocci decreased, yellow rumen coccus, total bacteria, Vibrio butyrate, ruminant crescendo significantly decreased (P0.05), the number of Lactobacillus decreased (P0.05), Poulet Was B bacteria, total methanogens (P0.05). (5) adding compound probiotics and compound probiotics. After the culture, the pH value of the rumen was increased and the concentration of NH3-N was reduced, and the ratio of VFA to EPDM and TVFA increased, but the amplitude of the compound probiotics was larger. (6) after adding compound probiotics and compound probiotic culture, the rumen carboxymethylfibrinase increased significantly (P0.05) and high sperm in the low sperm diet level (P0.05). The protease increased significantly (P0.05) and protease increased significantly (P0.05), and amylase was more stable after adding compound probiotics. (7) after adding compound probiotics and compound probiotic culture, the content of sCD4+ in the blood of all the treated groups increased significantly (P0.05), and the content of sCD8+ in the blood of the sheep with the added probiotic treatment group decreased. It was not significant (P0.05), but the content of sCD8+ in the blood of the sheep of the compound probiotic culture group increased, and the content of sCD8+ in the compound probiotic culture group increased significantly (P0.05) in the low concentrate diet level.

【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S826.5

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