本文選題：壟作栽培 + 拍打機(jī)構(gòu)��； 參考：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：壟作栽培方法可以提高地溫、減輕病蟲害發(fā)生,能顯著提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量,因而廣泛應(yīng)用于甜菜、水稻、山藥、甘蔗等糧食作物和經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種植中。中耕培土是壟作物生長(zhǎng)過程中一項(xiàng)重要的田間管理措施,它能疏松土壤、調(diào)節(jié)土壤水分、促進(jìn)農(nóng)作物根系的發(fā)育,由此提高作物的抗倒伏能力和農(nóng)田的排水能力,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)作物豐收。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有中耕培土機(jī)工作過程中存在的培土較松、壟面沒壓實(shí)的問題,本文提出了一種行進(jìn)中能將壟面壓實(shí)的新型中耕培土機(jī),其拍打機(jī)構(gòu)通過一套空間連桿機(jī)構(gòu)驅(qū)動(dòng)兩塊拍打板拍擊壟面來達(dá)到壓實(shí)土壤的目的。本文主要對(duì)其拍打機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了理論分析和參數(shù)優(yōu)化,最后搭建了拍打機(jī)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)并進(jìn)行了田間拍土試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證該試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的拍土效果。論文的主要內(nèi)容如下:1.介紹了中耕培土機(jī)的工作原理,對(duì)其拍打機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了理論分析,建立了拍打機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,編寫了基于MATLAB GUI開發(fā)平臺(tái)的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助分析軟件,通過開發(fā)的交互式用戶界面,能實(shí)時(shí)顯示機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。2.對(duì)土壤的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了分析,介紹了土壤的壓實(shí)機(jī)理。然后在試驗(yàn)田中進(jìn)行了土壤的拍打壓實(shí)試驗(yàn),根據(jù)農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)對(duì)土壤硬度的要求,在溝渠側(cè)面土壤硬度為0.6kg/cm2時(shí),測(cè)量出拍打要壓實(shí)的厚度為20mm,拍實(shí)后土壤硬度為1.0kg/cm2。3.根據(jù)建立的拍打機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,對(duì)比分析了空間連桿機(jī)構(gòu)中各個(gè)桿長(zhǎng)參數(shù)變化對(duì)拍打板的角加速度和兩側(cè)拍打板輸出振幅的影響,為了求出拍打板拍土瞬間的的最大角加速度,運(yùn)用遺傳算法對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,根據(jù)拍打機(jī)構(gòu)中各個(gè)桿件之間的約束關(guān)系和桿長(zhǎng)范圍,編寫了參數(shù)優(yōu)化軟件,最后得出的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為:lCB=0.020m,lBA=0.205m,lOA=0.089m,lOE=0.060m,lEG=0.185m,lGI=0.164m。此時(shí)拍打板的最大角加速度為29.2rad/s2,兩側(cè)拍打板輸出振幅為340.5mm,根據(jù)這個(gè)優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)建立了空間連桿拍打機(jī)構(gòu)的三維模型,將模型導(dǎo)入到ADAMS里面進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析。4.根據(jù)拍打機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化的結(jié)果,搭建了拍打機(jī)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)臺(tái),并進(jìn)行了田間拍土試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在調(diào)速電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min時(shí),拍實(shí)的效果最好,此時(shí)溝渠側(cè)面土壤硬度為1.1kg/cm2。
[Abstract]:The ridge cultivation method can increase the ground temperature, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and increase crop yield significantly, so it is widely used in the planting of sugar beet, rice, yam, sugarcane and other food crops and cash crops. Medium-tillage and soil culture is an important field management measure in the process of ridge crop growth. It can loosen soil, regulate soil moisture, promote the development of crop root system, thus improve the ability of crop to resist lodging and drainage ability of farmland. Achieve a bumper crop. In view of the existing problems of loose soil cultivation and no compaction of ridge surface in the working process of existing medium tillage and soil culturing machine, a new type of soil culture machine which can compaction the ridge and surface in progress is put forward in this paper. The beating mechanism uses a set of spatial linkage mechanism to drive two slapping plates to beat the ridge surface to achieve the purpose of compacting the soil. In this paper, the theoretical analysis and parameter optimization of the beating mechanism are mainly carried out. Finally, the test bench of the beating mechanism is built and the field soil clapping test is carried out to verify the soil clapping effect of the test bed. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: 1: 1. This paper introduces the working principle of the medium tillage and soil culturing machine, analyzes its beating mechanism theoretically, establishes the kinematics model of the beating mechanism, and compiles the computer aided analysis software based on the MATLAB GUI development platform. The interactive user interface is developed through the development of the interactive user interface. Can display the movement of the mechanism in real time. 2. The properties of soil were analyzed and the compaction mechanism of soil was introduced. Then the soil compaction test was carried out in the experimental field. According to the requirement of crop growth on soil hardness, when the soil hardness on the side of the ditch was 0.6kg/cm2, the compaction thickness was 20 mm, and the soil hardness was 1.0 kg / cm ~ (2.3) after compaction. Based on the kinematic model of the mechanism, the effects of the parameters of the bar length on the angular acceleration of the flapping plate and the output amplitude of the flapping plate are compared and analyzed. In order to find out the maximum angular acceleration of the moment of beating plate and soil, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize it. According to the constraint relation and the range of rod length of each member in the beating mechanism, the parameter optimization software is compiled. The result of optimization is: 0. 205mOA 0. 205mOA 0. 089mOE 0.060mEG 0.185mLGI 0.164m. the optimized results are as follows: 1: lCBN 0. 020m lBAA 0. 205m LOAA 0. 089mOE 0. 60mEG 0. The maximum angular acceleration of the slapping plate is 29.2rad-s2, and the output amplitude of the flapping plate is 340.5mm. According to the optimized data, the three-dimensional model of the spatial linkage beating mechanism is established, and the model is imported into the ADAMS for kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis .4. Based on the results of optimizing the parameters of beating mechanism, the test bench of beating mechanism was set up, and the field soil clapping test was carried out. The experimental results show that when the speed of the motor is 200r/min, the effect is the best, and the soil hardness is 1.1 kg 路cm ~ (2) 路cm ~ (2) on the side of the ditch.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S224.1

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