本文選題：多肉植物 + 雪蓮　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：景天科多肉植物生長緩慢,栽培基質(zhì)材料采用進口草炭因此成本較高。為了降低多肉植物栽培成本促進植株的生長,本研究8種有機廢棄物理化性質(zhì)及對雪蓮生長影響選擇雪蓮生長較好的基質(zhì)材料;雪蓮根際促生菌(PGPR)對雪蓮生長作用確定促進作用較好的菌株;研究篩選的有機廢棄物吸附雪蓮根際促生菌的適宜性;將有機廢棄物以不同比例復(fù)配成基質(zhì),并吸附根際促生菌(PGPR)并進行多肉植物的栽培試驗,確定雪蓮植株生長最好的復(fù)配基質(zhì)配比及PGPR。主要研究結(jié)果如下:羊糞便、杏鮑菇渣、牛糞便pH在栽培基質(zhì)的適宜范圍;驢糞便、金針菇渣、蚯蚓糞便pH略超出栽培基質(zhì)的適宜范圍。蚯蚓糞便、草炭EC值在植物栽培基質(zhì)安全范圍(2.6 ms·cm~(-1))內(nèi),驢糞便、金針菇渣、平菇渣、水洗牛糞便EC值高于植物栽培基質(zhì)EC安全值。幾種有機廢棄物容重在0.1 g.cm-3-0.8 g.cm-3范圍之內(nèi),適宜作為雪蓮的栽培基質(zhì)材料;總孔隙度范圍在48.25%-60.65%。不同有機廢棄物堿解氮、速效磷、速效鉀、有機質(zhì)含量差異顯著。隨著驢糞便、金針菇渣、蚯蚓糞便、草炭浸提液比例的降低,苜蓿發(fā)芽指數(shù)呈現(xiàn)逐漸升高的趨勢。將幾種有機廢棄物與珍珠巖體積比為3:2混合作為雪蓮栽培基質(zhì),雪蓮植株脯氨酸含量為8.36 ug.g~(-1)-19.88 ug.g~(-1),杏鮑菇渣基質(zhì)栽培雪蓮植株脯氨酸含量最高,金針菇渣基質(zhì)雪蓮植株脯氨酸含量最低。雪蓮植株可溶性糖含量為0.39 mg.g~(-1)-0.65 mg.g~(-1),水洗牛糞便基質(zhì)雪蓮植株可溶性糖含量最高,蚯蚓糞便基質(zhì)雪蓮植株可溶性糖含量最低。驢糞便基質(zhì)、平菇渣基質(zhì)、水洗牛糞便基質(zhì)、牛糞便基質(zhì)、蚯蚓糞便基質(zhì)栽培的雪蓮植株葉綠素總質(zhì)量分數(shù)高于草炭基質(zhì)雪蓮葉綠素總質(zhì)量分數(shù)。蚯蚓糞便基質(zhì)雪蓮植株葉片數(shù)、冠幅、地上鮮重、地下鮮重顯著高于草炭基質(zhì)。雪蓮根際土壤的27株細菌分離物對雪蓮植株有促進作用的有4株,這4株根際促生菌經(jīng)過鑒定分別為阿氏芽孢桿菌(Bacillus aryabhattai)、彎曲芽孢桿菌(Bacillus flexus)、藤黃微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)以及銅綠色假單胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)。接種促生菌雪蓮植株葉綠素質(zhì)量分數(shù)提高了14.77%-52.27%,接種B.aryabhattai雪蓮植株葉綠素質(zhì)量分數(shù)最高。接種促生菌使雪蓮植株玉米素、吲哚乙酸質(zhì)量分數(shù)顯著高于CK,接種B.flexus雪蓮植株玉米素、吲哚乙酸質(zhì)量分數(shù)最高,分別是CK的9.99、11.32倍。接種B.aryabhattai、B.flexus、M.luteus促生菌顯著提高了雪蓮根系的體積、鮮質(zhì)量,根系體積分別提高了14.09%、21.82%、27.73%,鮮質(zhì)量分別提高了45.83%、50.00%、41.67%。接種促生菌均促進了雪蓮生長,接種B.aryabhattai雪蓮植株鮮質(zhì)量和冠幅最高,與CK相比分別提高了38.18%、10.97%;其次為接種M.luteus,鮮質(zhì)量和冠幅分別提高了24.28%、7.83%。B.aryabhattai的促生作用最為顯著,在景天科多肉植物中最具應(yīng)用潛力。適宜于吸附B.Flexus、B.Aryabhattai的基質(zhì)材料研究結(jié)果表明,B.Aryabhattai在金針菇渣中的釋放率為104.85%,B.flexus在蚯蚓糞便中的釋放率為133.61%,2株P(guān)GPR在其他基質(zhì)中釋放率較低。80 d的試驗時間內(nèi),B.Aryabhattai在金針菇渣中活菌數(shù)高于蚯蚓糞便,在蚯蚓糞便中活菌數(shù)高于草炭;B.flexus在金針菇渣、蚯蚓糞便、草炭中活菌數(shù)較低。金針菇渣、蚯蚓糞便吸附B.Aryabhattai,其10%、25%、50%體積分數(shù)的浸提液發(fā)芽指數(shù)高于80%。將篩選出的蚯蚓糞便與金針菇渣以不同比例復(fù)配用作雪蓮栽培基質(zhì),對雪蓮促進作用強于蚯蚓糞便基質(zhì)及草炭基質(zhì)。復(fù)配基質(zhì)雪蓮植株葉綠素a、葉綠素b以及葉綠素總量含量均有所提高,雪蓮植株根系總長度、總表面積、總體積、根系生物量、雪蓮植株冠幅、葉片數(shù)、植株生物量高于蚯蚓糞便基質(zhì)、金針菇渣基質(zhì)、草炭基質(zhì)雪蓮植株,復(fù)配基質(zhì)中蚯蚓糞便:金針菇:珍珠巖=9:3:8(體積比)最利于雪蓮的生長,雪蓮植株冠幅、葉片數(shù)、植株生物量分別提高45.16%、21.75%、38.31%;雪蓮葉綠素a、葉綠素b、類胡蘿卜素、葉綠素總量分別比草炭基質(zhì)提高24.76%、24.95%、31.96%、25.67%。栽培基質(zhì)吸附B.Aryabhattai菌液可以促進雪蓮的生長,與草炭基質(zhì)相比蚯蚓糞便:金針菇:珍珠巖=9:3:8(體積比)基質(zhì)吸附B.Aryabhattai菌液可以使雪蓮冠幅、葉片數(shù)、生物量分別提高64.58%、33.69%、46.32%;雪蓮植株葉綠素a、葉綠素b、類胡蘿卜素、葉綠素總量分別提高39.15%、39.09%、47.31%、40.07%。
[Abstract]:In order to reduce the cultivation cost of multi meaty plants and promote the growth of plants, the physical properties of 8 kinds of organic waste and the choice of the better substrate material for the growth of Saussurea involucrata were studied in this study. The growth effect of PGPR on the growth of Saussurea involucrata (Saussurea involucrata) was studied. To determine the better promoting strain; study the suitability of organic waste to adsorb the rhizosphere of Saussurea involucrata; to mix organic wastes in different proportions into matrix, and to adsorb rhizosphere promoter (PGPR) and to carry out the cultivation experiments of multi meaty plants, to determine the best compound matrix ratio of Saussurea involucrata and the main research results of PGPR. As follows: the suitable range of sheep feces, Pleurotus abalone dregs and cow dung pH in the cultivation matrix; donkey feces, golden needle mushroom residue and earthworm feces pH are slightly beyond the suitable range of cultivation matrix. Earthworm feces, peat EC value in the safety range of plant culture matrix (2.6 MS. Cm~ (-1)), donkey feces stool, golden needle mushroom residue, Pleurotus ostreatus residue, and water washed cow feces EC value is higher than plant cultivation Foundation Quality EC safety value. The bulk density of several organic wastes within the range of 0.1 g.cm-3-0.8 g.cm-3, suitable for the cultivation matrix material of snow lotus; the total porosity range in 48.25%-60.65%. different organic wastes alkali solution nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick available potassium, organic matter content difference is remarkable. With donkey feces, golden needle mushroom residue, earthworm feces, peat extract ratio The germination index of Alfalfa showed a tendency to increase gradually. The mixture of several organic wastes and perlite volume ratio was mixed with 3:2 as the cultivation matrix, the proline content of Saussurea involucrata was 8.36 ug.g~ (-1) -19.88 ug.g~ (-1), the proline content of Saussurea involucrata was the highest, and the proline content of Saussurea involucrata plant The soluble sugar content of Saussurea involucrata was 0.39 mg.g~ (-1) -0.65 mg.g~ (-1), the soluble sugar content was the highest in water washing cow dung matrix, and the soluble sugar content in the earthworm feces matrix was the lowest. The donkey stool matrix, the mushroom residue matrix, the water washed cow stool matrix, the cow feces matrix, the earthworm feces matrix, the leaf green of the snow lotus plant The total mass fraction of the vegetative mass was higher than the total chlorophyll content of the Saussurea involucrata. The number of leaves, the crown, the fresh weight, the ground fresh weight of the earthworm feces were significantly higher than that of the peat matrix. 4 strains of the 27 isolates of Saussurea rhizosphere soil promoted the Saussurea involucrata. The 4 rhizosphere bacteria were identified as aldshrdis, respectively. Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus aryabhattai), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus flexus), Micrococcus lutimae (Micrococcus luteus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The chlorophyll mass fraction of inoculated Saussurea involucrata was increased by 14.77%-52.27%, and the chlorophyll content was highest in B.aryabhattai inoculated B.aryabhattai. The quality fraction of zein and indolo acetic acid was significantly higher than that of CK, B.flexus of Saussurea involucrata was inoculated with zein, and the mass fraction of indolanic acetic acid was the highest, which was 9.99,11.32 times of CK respectively. Inoculated B.aryabhattai, B.flexus, M.luteus probiotics significantly improved the body volume, fresh quality and root volume of 14.09%, 21.82%, 27. respectively. 73%, the fresh quality was increased by 45.83%, 50% respectively, and the growth of the 41.67%. inoculated bacteria promoted the growth of Saussurea involucrata. The fresh quality and crown range of the B.aryabhattai Saussurea Saussurea were highest, and 38.18%, 10.97% compared with the CK; the second was the inoculation of M.luteus, the fresh quality and the crown width were increased by 24.28%, and the 7.83%.B.aryabhattai growth promoting effect was the most significant. The most meaty plants of the plant have the most potential application potential. The result of the study on the matrix material suitable for the adsorption of B.Flexus and B.Aryabhattai shows that the release rate of B.Aryabhattai in the mushroom residue is 104.85%, the release rate of B.flexus in earthworm feces is 133.61%, and 2 strains of PGPR are in the test time of lower.80 D in other substrates. B.Aryabhattai is in the test time. The number of living bacteria in the mushroom residue is higher than that of earthworm feces, and the number of living bacteria in earthworm feces is higher than that of the peat; B.flexus is low in the number of living bacteria in the mushroom residue, earthworm feces and in the peat. B.Aryabhattai, the 10%, 25%, 50% fraction of the extract of the earthworm excrement is higher than that of the earthworm excrement. The same proportion is used as the cultivation matrix of Saussurea involucrata. The promotion effect on snow lotus is stronger than the earthworm fecal matrix and the carbon matrix. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll content of the compound stroma plant are improved. The total root length, total surface area, total volume, root biomass, plant canopy, leaf number and plant biology of the Saussurea involucrata plant The amount is higher than the earthworm fecal matrix, the substrate of the mushroom residue, the Saussurea involucrata and the earthworm feces in the compound matrix: the =9:3:8 (the volume ratio) is the most beneficial to the growth of the snow lotus, the canopy, the number of leaves of the snow lotus, and the biomass of the plant increase by 45.16%, 21.75%, 38.31%, and the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, and chlorophyll. The growth of Saussurea involucrata was increased by 24.76%, 24.95%, 31.96%, respectively. The 25.67%. culture matrix adsorbed B.Aryabhattai liquid to promote the growth of Saussurea involucrata. Compared with the peat matrix, earthworm feces: gold needle mushroom: Perlite =9:3:8 (volume ratio) matrix adsorbed B.Aryabhattai liquid can make the crown width, the number of leaves, and the biomass of snow lotus 64.58%, 33.69%, 46.32%; The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll increased by 39.15%, 39.09%, 47.31%, 40.07%. respectively.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S682.33

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉冠一;劉艷玲;劉博文;劉莎莎;郭長虹;;含ACC脫氨酶活性的復(fù)合菌株提高苜�？果}堿能力研究[J];核農(nóng)學(xué)報;2017年05期

2 張楊;王甜甜;孫玉涵;胡官墨;李榮;俞萍;沈其榮;;西瓜根際促生菌篩選及生物育苗基質(zhì)研制[J];土壤學(xué)報;2017年03期

3 丁新景;黃雅麗;馬風(fēng)云;杜秉海;王貝貝;馬海林;劉方春;李麗;;根際促生菌對景天科多肉植物雪蓮的促生作用[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2016年12期

4 鄧平香;張馨;龍新憲;;產(chǎn)酸內(nèi)生菌熒光假單胞菌R1對東南景天生長和吸收、積累土壤中重金屬鋅鎘的影響[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報;2016年09期

5 丁新景;解國磊;敬如巖;馬風(fēng)云;劉方春;馬海林;;黃河三角洲不同人工刺槐混交林凋落物分解特性[J];水土保持學(xué)報;2016年04期

6 馬驄毓;張英;孫廣正;劉婷;姚拓;;披堿草根際促生菌篩選及其接種劑的促生作用[J];植物營養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報;2016年04期

7 Tongcang Li;Zhang-Qi Yin;;Erratum to: Quantum superposition, entanglement, and state teleportation of a microorganism on an electromechanical oscillator[J];Science Bulletin;2016年03期

8 吳愛兵;曹杰;朱德文;曲浩麗;王鵬軍;李瑞容;馬標;;麥秸與牛糞混合堆漚預(yù)處理厭氧干發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣中試試驗[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2015年22期

9 王志剛;劉帥;徐偉慧;王姊威;王瑞奇;胡影;胡云龍;王超群;;硅酸鹽細菌的分離鑒定及其對西瓜的促生效應(yīng)[J];核農(nóng)學(xué)報;2015年11期

10 沈仁芳;趙學(xué)強;;土壤微生物在植物獲得養(yǎng)分中的作用[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報;2015年20期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 欒亞寧;農(nóng)林有機廢棄物堆腐生產(chǎn)花卉栽培基質(zhì)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號：1819086